Hello and thank you for for the help in advanced. I am trying to accomplish a simple check to see if a folder contains any files in end in .log. And if it does contain any file ending in a .log, simply copy it to another folder. I did try something like
if [ -f /path/to/log/*.log ]; then cp -a /path/to/log /path/to/backup/folder; fi
But that does not give me anything clean enough to work with.
Thanks so much
You could use a bash array:
shopt -s nullglob # Expand to the empty string if no files are found
logfiles=( /path/to/log/*.log )
cp -a "${logfiles[#]}" /path/to/backup/
Or a POSIXLY_STRICT approach:
cpIfExists() {
if [ -f "$1" ]; then
cp "$#"
fi
}
cpIfExists /path/to/log/*.log /path/to/backup/
You don't need to check first, just copy the files:
cp /path/to/log/*.log /path/to/backup/folder
Not near anything to test that this works for sure, but it should:
for log in `ls /path/to/log | grep .log`; do
cp /path/to/log/$log /path/to/backup/folder/
done
Related
I'd like to create a script to run every hour (with crontab) to make a folder with the name of any file with the correct extension (minus the extension) and move that file into it. So the end result would be the script would execute, find every .mp4 file in /Directory, create a folder for each of them with the same name as the file (minus extension) in /Other/Directory, and move the file into the matching folder. I can understand not wanting to write something for someone for free, but if you could point me in the right direction, I would really appreciate it.
EDIT: Thanks to #Barmar for the help!
#!/bin/bash
cd "/home/kali/Videos"
for FILE in *;do
bn=$(basename $FILE .mp4)
mkdir /home/kali/Videos/$bn;done
mv $bn.mp4 /home/kali/Videos/$bn
The script you would be looking for is as follows:
#!/bin/bash
REPOSITORY="/home/kali/Videos"
cd "${REPOSITORY}"
### This approach is best for handling filenames that might have spaces or scpecial characters.
ls |
while [ true ]
do
read FILE
if [ -z "${FILE}" ] ; then break ; fi
if [ -f "${FILE}" ]
then
bn=`basename "${FILE}" ".mp4" `
mkdir "${REPOSITORY}/$bn"
mv "${FILE}" "${REPOSITORY}/$bn"
( cd "${REPOSITORY}/$bn" ; extract_images "./${FILE}" )
fi
done
I am working on some stuff where I am storing data in a file.
But each time I run the script it gets appended to the previous file.
I want help on how I can remove the file if it already exists.
Don't bother checking if the file exists, just try to remove it.
rm -f /p/a/t/h
# or
rm /p/a/t/h 2> /dev/null
Note that the second command will fail (return a non-zero exit status) if the file did not exist, but the first will succeed owing to the -f (short for --force) option. Depending on the situation, this may be an important detail.
But more likely, if you are appending to the file it is because your script is using >> to redirect something into the file. Just replace >> with >. It's hard to say since you've provided no code.
Note that you can do something like test -f /p/a/t/h && rm /p/a/t/h, but doing so is completely pointless. It is quite possible that the test will return true but the /p/a/t/h will fail to exist before you try to remove it, or worse the test will fail and the /p/a/t/h will be created before you execute the next command which expects it to not exist. Attempting this is a classic race condition. Don't do it.
Another one line command I used is:
[ -e file ] && rm file
You can use this:
#!/bin/bash
file="file_you_want_to_delete"
if [ -f "$file" ] ; then
rm "$file"
fi
If you want to ignore the step to check if file exists or not, then you can use a fairly easy command, which will delete the file if exists and does not throw an error if it is non-existing.
rm -f xyz.csv
A one liner shell script to remove a file if it already exist (based on Jindra Helcl's answer):
[ -f file ] && rm file
or with a variable:
#!/bin/bash
file="/path/to/file.ext"
[ -f $file ] && rm $file
Something like this would work
#!/bin/sh
if [ -fe FILE ]
then
rm FILE
fi
-f checks if it's a regular file
-e checks if the file exist
Introduction to if for more information
EDIT : -e used with -f is redundant, fo using -f alone should work too
if [ $( ls <file> ) ]; then rm <file>; fi
Also, if you redirect your output with > instead of >> it will overwrite the previous file
So in my case I wanted to remove a FIFO file before I create it again, so this worked for me:
#!/bin/bash
file="/tmp/test"
rm -rf $file | true
mkfifo $file
| true will continue the script even if file is not found.
Thank you very much in advance for helping!
I have a directory with some html files
$ ls template/content/html
devel.html
idex.html
devel_iphone.html
devel_ipad.html
I'd like to write a bash function to copy every file in that folder into a new location (introduction/files/), ONLY if a file with the same name doesn't exist already there.
This is what I have so far:
orig_html="template/content/html";
dest_html="introduction/files/";
function add_html {
for f in $orig_html"/*";
do
if [ ! -f SAME_FILE_IN_$dest_html_DIRECTORY ];
then
cp $f $dest_html;
fi
done
}
The capital letters is where I was stuck.
Thank you very much.
Would the -n option be enough for your needs?
-n, --no-clobber
do not overwrite an existing file (overrides a previous -i option)
use rsync like this:
rsync -c -avz --delete $orig_html $dest_html
which keep $orig_html indentical with $dest_html based file checksum.
Do you need a bash script ? cp supports the -r (recursive) option, and the -u (update) option. From the man page:
-u, --update
copy only when the SOURCE file is newer than the destination
file or when the destination file is missing
Your $f variable contains the full path, because of the /*.
Try doing something like:
for ff in $orig_html/*
do
thisFile=${ff##*/}
if [ ! -f ${dest_html}/$thisFile ]; then
cp $ff ${dest_html}
fi
done
I need to make a recycle bin code using bash. Here is what I have done so far. My problem is that when I move a file with the same name into the trash folder it just overwrites the previous file. Can you give me any suggestions on how to approach this problem?
#!/bin/bash
mkdir -p "$HOME/Trash"
if [ $1 = -restore ]; then
while read file; do
mv $HOME/Trash/$2 /$file
done < try.txt
else
if [ $1 = -restoreall ]; then
mv $HOME/Trash/* /$PWD
else
if [ $1 = -empty ]; then
rm -rfv /$HOME/Trash/*
else
mv $PWD/"$1"/$HOME/Trash
echo -n "$PWD" >> /$HOME/Bash/try
fi
fi
fi
You could append the timestamp of the time of deletion to the filename in your Trash folder. Upon restore, you could strip this off again.
To add a timestamp to your file, use something like this:
DT=$(date +'%Y%m%d-%H%M%S')
mv $PWD/"$1" "/$HOME/Trash/${1}.${DT}"
This will, e.g., create a file like initrd.img-2.6.28-11-generic.20110615-140159 when moving initrd.img-2.6.28-11-generic.
To get the original filename, strip everything starting from the last dot, like with:
NAME_WITHOUT_TIMESTAMP=${file%.*-*}
The pattern is on the right side after the percentage char. (.* would also be enough to match.)
Take a look how trash-cli does it. It's written in Python and uses the same trash bin as desktop environments. Trash-cli is available at least in the big Linux distributions.
http://code.google.com/p/trash-cli/
Probably the easiest thing to do is simply add -i to the invocation of mv. That will prompt the user whether or not to replace. If you happen to have access to gnu cp (eg, on Linux), you could use cp --backup instead of mv.
My IM stores the logs according to the contact name. I have created a file with the list of active contacts. My problem is following:
I would like to create a bash script with read the active contacts names from the file and compare it with the directories. If the directory name wouldn't be found on the list, it would be moved to another directory (let's call it "archive"). I try to visualise it for you.
content of the list:
contact1
contact2
content of the dir
contact1
contact2
contact3
contact4
after running of the script, the content fo the dir:
contact1
contact2
contact3 ==> ../archive
contact4 ==> ../archive
You could use something like this:
mv $(ls | grep -v -x -F -f ../file.txt) ../archive
Where ../file.txt contains the names of the directories that should not be moved. It is assumed here that the current directory only contains directories, if that is not the case, ls should be replaced with something else. Note that the command fails if there are no directories that should be moved.
Since in the comments to the other answer you state that directories with whitespace in the name can occur, you could replace this by:
for i in *
do
echo $i | grep -v -x -q -F -f ../file.txt && mv "$i" ../archive
done
This is an improved version of marcog's answer. Note that the associative array requires Bash 4.
#!/bin/bash
sourcedir=/path/to/foo
destdir=/path/to/archive
contactfile=/path/to/list
declare -A contacts
while read -r contact
do
contacts[$contact]=1
done < "$contactfile"
for contact in "$sourcedir"/*
do
if [[ -f $contact ]]
then
index=${contact##*/}
if [[ ! ${contacts[$index]} ]]
then
mv "$contact" "$destdir"
fi
fi
done
Edit:
If you're moving directories instead of files, then change the for loop above to look like this:
for contact in "$sourcedir"/*/
do
index=${contact/%\/}
index=${index##*/}
if [[ ! ${contacts[$index]} ]]
then
mv "$contact" "$destdir"
fi
done
There might be a more concise solution, but this works. I'd strongly recommend prefixing the mv with echo to test it out first, otherwise you could end up with a serious mess if it doesn't do what you want.
declare -A contacts
for contact in "$#"
do
contacts[$contact]=1
done
ls a | while read contact
do
if [[ ! ${contacts[$contact]} ]]
then
mv "a/$contact" ../archive
fi
done