Can this be done more easily in a single command?
Read line 10 and column 2 from the file where the separator is ^
cat file | awk 'FNR==10 {print}' | awk -v FS=^ '{print $2}'
If ^ is the main/common field separator for all records - it's enough to apply the following awk expression:
awk -F'^' 'NR==10{ print $2; exit }' file
Related
I need to use awk to get a specific word or value after another specific word, I tried some awk commands already but after many other filters like grep and sed. The file that I need to get the word from is having the same line more than one time like the below line:
Configuration: number=6 model=MSA SNT=4 IC=8 SIZE=16384MB NRF=24 meas=2.00
If need 24 I used
grep IC file | awk 'NF>1{print $NF}'
If need 16384MB I used
grep IC file | awk -F'SIZE=' '{ print $2 }'|awk '{ print $1 }'
We need to get any word from that line using awk? what I used can get what is needed but we still need a minimized awk command.
I am sure we can use one single awk to get the needed info from one line minimized command?
sed -r 's/.*SIZE=([^ ]+).*/\1/' input
16384MB
sed -r 's/.*NRF=([^ ]+).*/\1/' input
24
grep way :
grep -oP 'SIZE=\K[^ ]+' imput
16384MB
awk way :
awk '{for(i=1;i<=NF;i++) if($i ~ /SIZE=/) split($i,a,"=");print a[2]}' input
You could use an Awk with multi-character de-limiter as below to get this done. Loop through the fields, match the pattern you need and print the next field which contains the field value.
awk -F'[:= ]' -v option="${match}" '{for(i=1;i<=NF;i++) if ($i ~ option) {print $(i+1)}}' file
Examples,
match="number"
awk -F'[:= ]' -v option="${match}" '{for(i=1;i<=NF;i++) if ($i ~ option) {print $(i+1)}}' file
6
match="model"
awk -F'[:= ]' -v option="${match}" '{for(i=1;i<=NF;i++) if ($i ~ option) {print $(i+1)}}' file
MSA
match="meas"
awk -F'[:= ]' -v option="${match}" '{for(i=1;i<=NF;i++) if ($i ~ option) {print $(i+1)}}' file
2.00
here is a more general approach
... | awk -v k=NRF '{for(i=2;i<=NF;i++) {split($i,a,"="); m[a[1]]=a[2]} print m[k]}'
code will stay the same just change the key k.
If you have GNU awk you could use the third parameter of match:
$ awk 'match($0,/( IC=)([^ ]*)/,a)&& $0=a[2]' file
8
Or get the meas:
$ awk 'match($0,/( meas=)([^ ]*)/,a)&& $0=a[2]' file
2.00
Should you use some other awk, you could use this combination of split, substr and match:
$ awk 'split(substr($0,match($0,/ IC=[^ ]*/),RLENGTH),a,"=") && $0=a[2]' file
8
I have semicolon-separated columns, and I would like to add some characters to a specific column.
aaa;111;bbb
ccc;222;ddd
eee;333;fff
to the second column I want to add '#', so the output should be;
aaa;#111;bbb
ccc;#222;ddd
eee;#333;fff
I tried
awk -F';' -OFS=';' '{ $2 = "#" $2}1' file
It adds the character but removes all semicolons with space.
You could use sed to do your job:
# replaces just the first occurrence of ';', note the absence of `g` that
# would have made it a global replacement
sed 's/;/;#/' file > file.out
or, to do it in place:
sed -i 's/;/;#/' file
Or, use awk:
awk -F';' '{$2 = "#"$2}1' OFS=';' file
All the above commands result in the same output for your example file:
aaa;#111;bbb
ccc;#222;ddd
eee;#333;fff
#atb: Try:
1st:
awk -F";" '{print $1 FS "#" $2 FS $3}' Input_file
Above will work only when your Input_file has 3 fields only.
2nd:
awk -F";" -vfield=2 '{$field="#"$field} 1' OFS=";" Input_file
Above code you could put any field number and could make it as per your request.
Here I am making field separator as ";" and then taking a variable named field which will have the field number in it and then that concatenating "#" in it's value and 1 is for making condition TRUE and not making and action so by default print action will happen of current line.
You just misunderstood how to set variables. Change -OFS to -v OFS:
awk -F';' -v OFS=';' '{ $2 = "#" $2 }1' file
but in reality you should set them both to the same value at one time:
awk 'BEGIN{FS=OFS=";"} { $2 = "#" $2 }1' file
I have a csv file with dynamic columns.
I've tried to use awk -F , 'NF>1' resul1.txt but it still prints all columns.
Since it has dynamic columns.
Its quite difficult to print using print $1 till end.
Try this awk command:
awk -F, '{$1=""}1' input.txt | awk -vOFS=, '{$1=$1}1' > output.txt
Make the 1st field empty
Print out entire line again
try substr function :
substr(string, start [, length ])
Return a length-character-long substring of string, starting at character number start. The first character of a string is character
number one.For example, substr("washington", 5, 3) returns "ing".*
awk -F, '{print substr($0,length($1)+1+length(FS))}' file
You can use cut:
cut -d',' -f2- yourfile.csv > output.csv
Explanation:
-d - setting delimiter to ,
-f - fields to print
2- - from 2 field to end of line
With awk:
awk -F, '{sub(/[^,]+,/,"",$0);}1' OFS=, yourfile.csv > output.csv
With sed:
sed -i.bak 's/^[^,]\+,//g' yourfile.csv
-i - in-place edit
I am trying out one script in which a file [ file.txt ] has so many columns like
abc|pqr|lmn|123
pqr|xzy|321|azy
lee|cha| |325
xyz| |abc|123
I would like to get the column list in bash script using awk command if column is empty it should print blank else print the column value
I have tried the below possibilities but it is not working
cat file.txt | awk -F "|" {'print $2'} | sed -e 's/^$/blank/' // Using awk and sed
cat file.txt | awk -F "|" '!$2 {print "blank"} '
cat file.txt | awk -F "|" '{if ($2 =="" ) print "blank" } '
please let me know how can we do that using awk or any other bash tools.
Thanks
I think what you're looking for is
awk -F '|' '{print match($2, /[^ ]/) ? $2 : "blank"}' file.txt
match(str, regex) returns the position in str of the first match of regex, or 0 if there is no match. So in this case, it will return a non-zero value if there is some non-blank character in field 2. Note that in awk, the index of the first character in a string is 1, not 0.
Here, I'm assuming that you're interested only in a single column.
If you wanted to be able to specify the replacement string from a bash variable, the best solution would be to pass the bash variable into the awk program using the -v switch:
awk -F '|' -v blank="$replacement" \
'{print match($2, /[^ ]/) ? $2 : blank}' file.txt
This mechanism avoids problems with escaping metacharacters.
You can do it using this sed script:
sed -r 's/\| +\|/\|blank\|/g' File
abc|pqr|lmn|123
pqr|xzy|321|azy
lee|cha|blank|325
xyz|blank|abc|123
If you don't want the |:
sed -r 's/\| +\|/\|blank\|/g; s/\|/ /g' File
abc pqr lmn 123
pqr xzy 321 azy
lee cha blank 325
xyz blank abc 123
Else with awk:
awk '{gsub(/\| +\|/,"|blank|")}1' File
abc|pqr|lmn|123
pqr|xzy|321|azy
lee|cha|blank|325
xyz|blank|abc|123
You can use awk like this:
awk 'BEGIN{FS=OFS="|"} {for (i=1; i<=NF; i++) if ($i ~ /^ *$/) $i="blank"} 1' file
abc|pqr|lmn|123
pqr|xzy|321|azy
lee|cha|blank|325
xyz|blank|abc|123
I have a line like:
one:two:three:four:five:six seven:eight
and I want to use awk to get $1 to be one and $2 to be two:three:four:five:six seven:eight
I know I can get it by doing sed before. That is to change the first occurrence of : with sed then awk it using the new delimiter.
However replacing the delimiter with a new one would not help me since I can not guarantee that the new delimiter will not already be somewhere in the text.
I want to know if there is an option to get awk to behave this way
So something like:
awk -F: '{print $1,$2}'
will print:
one two:three:four:five:six seven:eight
I will also want to do some manipulations on $1 and $2 so I don't want just to substitute the first occurrence of :.
Without any substitutions
echo "one:two:three:four:five" | awk -F: '{ st = index($0,":");print $1 " " substr($0,st+1)}'
The index command finds the first occurance of the ":" in the whole string, so in this case the variable st would be set to 4. I then use substr function to grab all the rest of the string from starting from position st+1, if no end number supplied it'll go to the end of the string. The output being
one two:three:four:five
If you want to do further processing you could always set the string to a variable for further processing.
rem = substr($0,st+1)
Note this was tested on Solaris AWK but I can't see any reason why this shouldn't work on other flavours.
Some like this?
echo "one:two:three:four:five:six" | awk '{sub(/:/," ")}1'
one two:three:four:five:six
This replaces the first : to space.
You can then later get it into $1, $2
echo "one:two:three:four:five:six" | awk '{sub(/:/," ")}1' | awk '{print $1,$2}'
one two:three:four:five:six
Or in same awk, so even with substitution, you get $1 and $2 the way you like
echo "one:two:three:four:five:six" | awk '{sub(/:/," ");$1=$1;print $1,$2}'
one two:three:four:five:six
EDIT:
Using a different separator you can get first one as filed $1 and rest in $2 like this:
echo "one:two:three:four:five:six seven:eight" | awk -F\| '{sub(/:/,"|");$1=$1;print "$1="$1 "\n$2="$2}'
$1=one
$2=two:three:four:five:six seven:eight
Unique separator
echo "one:two:three:four:five:six seven:eight" | awk -F"#;#." '{sub(/:/,"#;#.");$1=$1;print "$1="$1 "\n$2="$2}'
$1=one
$2=two:three:four:five:six seven:eight
The closest you can get with is with GNU awk's FPAT:
$ awk '{print $1}' FPAT='(^[^:]+)|(:.*)' file
one
$ awk '{print $2}' FPAT='(^[^:]+)|(:.*)' file
:two:three:four:five:six seven:eight
But $2 will include the leading delimiter but you could use substr to fix that:
$ awk '{print substr($2,2)}' FPAT='(^[^:]+)|(:.*)' file
two:three:four:five:six seven:eight
So putting it all together:
$ awk '{print $1, substr($2,2)}' FPAT='(^[^:]+)|(:.*)' file
one two:three:four:five:six seven:eight
Storing the results of the substr back in $2 will allow further processing on $2 without the leading delimiter:
$ awk '{$2=substr($2,2); print $1,$2}' FPAT='(^[^:]+)|(:.*)' file
one two:three:four:five:six seven:eight
A solution that should work with mawk 1.3.3:
awk '{n=index($0,":");s=$0;$1=substr(s,1,n-1);$2=substr(s,n+1);print $1}' FS='\0'
one
awk '{n=index($0,":");s=$0;$1=substr(s,1,n-1);$2=substr(s,n+1);print $2}' FS='\0'
two:three:four five:six:seven
awk '{n=index($0,":");s=$0;$1=substr(s,1,n-1);$2=substr(s,n+1);print $1,$2}' FS='\0'
one two:three:four five:six:seven
Just throwing this on here as a solution I came up with where I wanted to split the first two columns on : but keep the rest of the line intact.
Comments inline.
echo "a:b:c:d::e" | \
awk '{
split($0,f,":"); # split $0 into array of fields `f`
sub(/^([^:]+:){2}/,"",$0); # remove first two "fields" from `$0`
print f[1],f[2],$0 # print first two elements of `f` and edited `$0`
}'
Returns:
a b c:d::e
In my input I didn't have to worry about the first two fields containing escaped :, if that was a requirement, this solution wouldn't work as expected.
Amended to match the original requirements:
echo "a:b:c:d::e" | \
awk '{
split($0,f,":");
sub(/^([^:]+:)/,"",$0);
print f[1],$0
}'
Returns:
a b:c:d::e