DRY when make targets can be built from different source file extensions - makefile

I'm building .js files from .ts and .tsx files. They're built in exactly the same way and ideally I don't want to repeat a rule. Right now, the following works:
$(out)/%.js: %.ts
#mkdir --parents $(#D)
BABEL_ENV=node babel $(<) --out-file $(#) --source-maps
$(out)/%.js: %.tsx
#mkdir --parents $(#D)
BABEL_ENV=node babel $(<) --out-file $(#) --source-maps
Is there a way to tell make to look for either a .ts or a .tsx in the prerequisites list?

No, there is no way to do that.
You can reduce your repeating a little bit by putting the recipe into a variable:
define BUILD_JS
#mkdir --parents $(#D)
BABEL_ENV=node babel $(<) --out-file $(#) --source-maps
endif
$(out)/%.js: %.ts
$(BUILD_JS)
$(out)/%.js: %.tsx
$(BUILD_JS)

Related

Need to run make twice after make clean

All I want to do is gather source files from different source directories into one folder and then do the build of those make files. After a make clean I have to run make command twice to do the build.
So first I run make clean, then i run make, which throws an error saying no -o files found. But when iIrun the make again, the build goes through and generates the build files.
My makefile looks like below
.PHONY: dirs all clean
all: dirs $(OBJ_DIR) $(OBJ_FILES)
"$(CC) -rvn fLib.a $(OBJ_FILES)
# clean build target. Remove all files without reporting errors in case they don't exist.
clean:
#rm -rf fLib.a $(OBJ_DIR)
# Build target for creating flat header file folder for SharedTrackerAPI (FLAT_INC_DIR)
# due to too long paths in Windows 7 build
dirs:
#echo 'Making flat source and header folders.'
#mkdir -p $(OBJ_DIR)
#for f in $(SRC_FILES); do cp $$f $(OBJ_DIR); done
#mkdir -p $(FLAT_INC_DIR)
#OLD_CWD=$(CURDIR)
#cd $(FLAT_INC_DIR)
#find $(STA_RADAR_TRACKER_IFACE) -name '*.h' | xargs -i cp -l {} $(FLAT_INC_DIR)
#cd $(OLD_CWD)
$(OBJ_DIR)/%.o: $(OBJ_DIR)/%.cpp
"$(TASKING_CTC_BIN)"/cctc.exe $(CXXFLAGS) -c -o $# $< $(CC_INCLUDE_PATH)
What am I doing wrong that I have to run make twice after a make clean.
The problem is that although dirs will place the source files in the flat source directory, Make doesn't know that. Before it executes the dirs rule, it has already determined that it knows no way to build the object files.
The quick and dirty solution is to tell Make "trust me, it'll be fine"; one way to do that is to modify the object rule like this:
$(OBJ_DIR)/%.o:
"$(TASKING_CTC_BIN)"/cctc.exe $(CXXFLAGS) -c -o $# $(OBJ_DIR)/$*.cpp $(CC_INCLUDE_PATH)
If you stop there, you will have a working solution.
If you want a more clean, efficient and flexible makefile, you must rethink the approach to finding source files. I see no good reason to use the flat source file approach, but if you really want to use it, here is a good way:
vpath %.cpp $(dir $(SRC_FILES))
$(OBJ_DIR)/%.cpp: %.cpp
#cp $< $#
Now you can get rid of dir and use your unmodified object rule:
$(OBJ_DIR)/%.o: $(OBJ_DIR)/%.cpp
"$(TASKING_CTC_BIN)"/cctc.exe $(CXXFLAGS) -c -o $# $< $(CC_INCLUDE_PATH)
How to handle the header files (FLAT_INC_DIR) is up to you, but I recommend vpath again.

build directory with Makefile - compiles everytime

I have 3 files in my directory as follows:
foo.h
foo.cc
main.cc
build/ <-- Created if doesn't exist.
I want the .o and executable files to be generated in a build folder in the same directory.
I also don't want the code recompiling if nothing has changed.
Here is my Makefile:
CC=g++
CFLAGS=-std=c++17
OBJS=build/foo.o
.PHONY: all clean
all: build/main
build/main: main.cc $(OBJS)
$(CC) $(CFLAGS) -o $# $^
build/%.o: %.cc build
$(CC) $(CFLAGS) -c -o $# $<
build:
mkdir -p build
clean:
rm -rf build
If I run make build/foo.o, it doesn't re-compile if nothing has changed in the source code.
But make all or make build/main always re-compiles everything. What am I doing wrong?
I don't have this issue if I output the compiled code in the same directory.
Ugh, just minutes after posting this, I found the answer on Google.
Problem is that because the build directory timestamp gets updated even if one file in the directory is created/updated, it will rebuild always from scratch.
There are several approaches listed in the link above to fix it. I ended up just adding a pipe (|) operator to the build rule to make it an order-only pre-requisite. i.e. this line:
build/%.o: %.cc |build
$(CC) $(CFLAGS) -c -o $# $<
and that seems to have fixed it :|

Is it possible to create a target that repeats an action for different files?

I'm trying to build a Makefile that simplifies compilation for a C assignment. The Makefile works fine for now, however, I would like to add a new target that executes a previous target and creates files.
The objective is the following:
Compile a given program (figures.c)
Execute it (this creates a bunch of .gv files)
Transform every .gv file to a .pdf file
I know how to transform a single file (I have the command), but can't seem to figure out how to loop through every file, without typing them all out.
I've already tried doing a different type of target, but does not work (see commented target)
# COMPILATION
CC=gcc
CFLAGS=-Wall -ansi -pedantic
# DOSSIERS
SOURCEDOC=sourcedoc
DOC=doc
SRC=src
INC=inc
OBJ=build
FIGS=images
FILES=$(wildcard $(FIGS)/*.gv)
.PHONY: clean doc archive author all
.SILENT : clean
# Targets
all : clean test images
test : $(OBJ)/Test_arbre.o $(OBJ)/aux.o $(OBJ)/Affichage.o $(OBJ)/ArbreBinaire.o $(OBJ)/arbres.o
$(CC) $^ -o $# $(CFLAGS)
figures : $(OBJ)/figures.o $(OBJ)/Affichage.o $(OBJ)/ArbreBinaire.o $(OBJ)/aux.o $(OBJ)/arbres.o
$(CC) $^ -o $# $(CFLAGS)
%.pdf: $(FIGS)/%.gv
dot -Tpdf -o $(FIGS)/$# $^
#$(FILES): $(FIGS)/%.pdf : $(FIGS)/%.gv
# dot -Tpdf -o $# $^
images : figures $(FILES)
#=========== Objets ===========
$(OBJ)/arbres.o : $(INC)/arbres.h $(INC)/aux.h $(INC)/Affichage.h $(INC)/ArbreBinaire.h
$(OBJ)/Affichage.o : $(INC)/Affichage.h $(INC)/ArbreBinaire.h
$(OBJ)/exemple*_arbre.o : $(INC)/Affichage.h $(INC)/ArbreBinaire.h
$(OBJ)/aux.o : $(INC)/aux.h
$(OBJ)/figures.o : $(INC)/Affichage.h $(INC)/ArbreBinaire.h $(INC)/arbres.h
$(OBJ)/Test_arbre.o : $(INC)/arbres.h $(INC)/ArbreBinaire.h $(INC)/Affichage.h
# Dummy rule
$(OBJ)/%.o : $(SRC)/%.c
#mkdir -p $(#D)
#$(CC) $< $(CFLAGS) -I $(INC)/ -c -o $#
# Miscellaneous
clean:
rm -f *~ */*~
rm -rf __pycache__ src/__pycache__
rm -rf $(DOC)
rm -f $(PROJECT)_$(AUTHOR12)_$(AUTHOR22).zip
rm -f conf.py-e
rm -rf $(OBJ)
rm -f $(FIGS)/*.pdf $(FIGS)/*.gv
rm -f test
The current Makefile works fine on all other commands than images.
If any of you could help, it would mean a lot!
Your definition of FILES should map the *.gv files to the corresponding *.pdf files;
FILES=$(patsubst %.gv,%.pdf,$(wildcard $(FIGS)/*.gv))
The rule which says how to generate a PDF should factor out the directory name;
%.pdf: %.gv
dot -Tpdf -o $# $^
Now, if make tries to create $(FIGS)/ick.pdf, the input will be $(FIGS)/ick.gv - the pattern says to substitute the extension .gv with the extension .pdf, and the rest of the file name stays unmodified, exactly like you'd want. A rule like
%.pdf: $(FIGS)/%.gv # error, don't use
says you need to find the source file in a subdirectory $(FIGS); so if you tried to make $(FIGS)/ick.pdf, that means make would need to find or generate $(FIGS)/$(FIGS)/ick.gv as input according to this rule.
If you absolutely cannot predict what files will be created on step (2) (and so confined to using $(wildcard ...)), you still must execute it after (2) is finished.
It's ugly but I can't think of better alternative than using "recursive make". I mean something like this:
...
.PHONY: images pdf
images: figures
# use figures to generate all .gv files
##figures --create-all-gv-files
# invoke make recursively
#$(MAKE) --no-print-directory pdf
# ensure $(wildcard ...) is invoked only if needed
ifeq ($(MAKECMDGOALS),pdf)
PDF_FILES:=$(patsubst %.gv,%.pdf,$(wildcard $(FIGS)/*.gv))
endif
pdf: $(PDF_FILES)
%.pdf: %.gv
dot -Tpdf -o $# $<

Fortran90 Makefile with pre-compilation and modules

I'm trying to write a Makefile to compile a Fortran90 project that consists of several source files containing subroutines and modules. To make things more complicated, I'm using pre-compilation (creating *.for files from *.F files). I could not find any answer to this, but this may be because I get confused by the different styles of Makefile syntax.
I created a stripped-down version for reproducing my problem (available on https://github.com/stineb/stackoverflow). This contains a main program (sayhello.F), two subroutines in separate source files (schleppe.F and schnuppi.F), and two modules in separate source files (words_schleppe.mod.F and words_schnuppi.mod.F). The executable is hello.
I am able to build it with a simple Makefile and avoiding the pre-compilation. This file (Makefile_simple) looks like this:
FCOM=gfortran
EXE = hello
standard:
$(FCOM) -c words_schleppe.mod.F
$(FCOM) -c words_schnuppi.mod.F
$(FCOM) -c schleppe.F
$(FCOM) -c schnuppi.F
$(FCOM) words_schleppe.mod.o words_schnuppi.mod.o schleppe.o schnuppi.o sayhello.F -o $(EXE)
.PHONY: clean
clean:
rm $(EXE) *.o *.mod
However, my project will be a bit bigger than this so I want to make use of the cryptic features of a more complex Makefile for defining rules. And crucially: I want to pre-compile source files *.F into .for. This is where I haven't managed to define the rules to create the .mod files from the modules and build the whole thing. Disregarding the modules, I do get it running with the following Makefile (Makefile_complex on my github repository):
FCOM=gfortran
CPPFLAGS=-e
COMPFLAGS=
EXE=hello
SOURCES=sayhello.F schleppe.F schnuppi.F
OBJS=$(SOURCES:.F=.o)
all: $(OBJS)
# this may also be replaced by the ar command (creating archive)
$(FCOM) $(OBJS) -o $(EXE)
%.for: %.F
rm -f $*.for
$(FCOM) $(CPPFLAGS) $*.F > $*.for
$(OBJS): %.o: %.for
$(FCOM) -c -o $# $(COMPFLAGS) $*.for
# clean: remove .for, .o, .do, and .stb files
.PHONY: clean
clean:
-rm -f *.for *.o *.stb *.mod
What do I have to add to this in order to include the modules in the build? The dependencies are as follows: subroutine schleppe <- module words_schleppe; and subroutine schnuppi <- module words_schnuppi.
Help, anyone?
Thanks a bunch!
I FOUND THE SOLUTION! Simply, the rule for all: must include the module source files, and these must precede the other source files. Plus, rules of creating the object files from the module source files have to be added. The working Makefile looks like this:
FCOM=gfortran
CPPFLAGS=-E
COMPFLAGS=
EXE=hello
SOURCES=sayhello.F schleppe.F schnuppi.F
MODS=words_schleppe.F words_schnuppi.F
OBJS=$(SOURCES:.F=.o)
MODOBJS=$(MODS:.F=.o)
# this may also be replaced by the ar command (creating archive)
all: $(MODOBJS) $(OBJS)
$(FCOM) $(OBJS) $(MODOBJS) -o $(EXE)
%.for: %.F
rm -f $*.for
$(FCOM) $(CPPFLAGS) $*.F > $*.for
$(MODOBJS): %.o: %.for
$(FCOM) -c -o $# $(COMPFLAGS) $*.for
$(OBJS): %.o: %.for
$(FCOM) -c -o $# $(COMPFLAGS) $*.for
# clean: remove .for, .o, .do, and .stb files
.PHONY: clean
clean:
-rm -f *.for *.o *.stb *.mod

Makefile with Fortran - src and bin directories

I'm having some trouble understanding how to design my makefile to build my project the way I want to. Specifically, I can't figure out how to keep all source files in a src directory, while putting all binaries in a bin directory except the linked executable, which goes in the project root.
This is my makefile:
# Compiler options
FC := mpif90
FFLAGS := -O3 -g -Wall -Warray-bounds -ffixed-line-length-none -fbounds-check
VPATH := src
BINDIR := bin
# Define file extensions
.SUFFIXES:
.SUFFIXES: .f .o .mod
# All modules
OBJS := $(BINDIR)/ratecoeffs.o $(BINDIR)/interpolation.o $(BINDIR)/io.o $(BINDIR)/eedf.o $(BINDIR)/single_particle.o $(BINDIR)/physics.o $(BINDIR)/random.o $(BINDIR)/mpi.o $(BINDIR)/precision.o $(BINDIR)/populations.o
# Build rules
all: runner | $(BINDIR)
$(BINDIR):
mkdir -p $(BINDIR)
$(BINDIR)/%.o: $(VPATH)/%.f | $(BINDIR)
$(FC) $(FFLAGS) -c $^ -o $#
runner: $(OBJS)
clean:
#rm -rf $(BINDIR)
Running make builds everything allright - it finds all source files in src and puts all .o files in bin - but the module files (.mod) that are generated by the compiler are put in the project root instead of in the bin directory. I realize I could just specify a rule to place them there, but that messes with the build order, and will sometimes break the build.
What is the "correct" way to get this behavior?
And yes, I've looked at autotools and automake, but I've never used them before and they seem to be overkill for this project. As I couldn't find any good tutorials on how they work (no, I didn't like the tutorial on gnu.org) I'd prefer if I could avoid having to learn this tool just to get this work...
Assuming your underlying Fortran compiler is gfortran, use the -J command line option.
$(FC) $(FFLAGS) -c $^ -o $# -J$(BINDIR)
With an eye to the future, you may be better off creating a MODDIR or similar variable, that you use instead of BINDIR. Object code (*.o) and mod files have different roles to play in later compilation and linking steps - in larger projects they are often kept separate.
It would be probably more in the sense of the make system to change into the obj-directory and do the compilation from there. Via the VPATH option you can let make to find your source files automatically. You could easily call your makefile recursively from the right directory. Below you find a trivial example which would be straightforward to adapt to your case. Please note, that it only works with GNU make.
ifeq (1,$(RECURSED))
VPATH = $(SRCDIR)
########################################################################
# Project specific makefile
########################################################################
FC = gfortran
FCOPTS =
LN = $(FC)
LNOPTS =
OBJS = accuracy.o eqsolver.o io.o linsolve.o
linsolve: $(OBJS)
$(LN) $(LNOPTS) -o $# $^
%.o: %.f90
$(FC) $(FCOPTS) -c $<
.PHONY: clean realclean
clean:
rm -f *.mod *.o
realclean: clean
rm -f linsolve
accuracy.o:
eqsolver.o: accuracy.o
io.o: accuracy.o
linsolve.o: accuracy.o eqsolver.o io.o
else
########################################################################
# Recusive invokation
########################################################################
BUILDDIR = _build
LOCALGOALS = $(BUILDDIR) distclean
RECURSIVEGOALS = $(filter-out $(LOCALGOALS), $(MAKECMDGOALS))
.PHONY: all $(RECURSIVE_GOALS) distclean
all $(RECURSIVEGOALS): $(BUILDDIR)
+$(MAKE) -C $(BUILDDIR) -f $(CURDIR)/GNUmakefile SRCDIR=$(CURDIR) \
RECURSED=1 $(RECURSIVEGOALS)
$(BUILDDIR):
mkdir $(BUILDDIR)
distclean:
rm -rf $(BUILDDIR)
endif
The principle is simple:
In the first part you write your normal makefile, as if you would create the object files in the source directory. However, additionally you add the VPATH option to make sure the source files are found (as make will be in the directory BUILDDIR when this part of the makefile is processed).
In the second part (which is executed first, when the variable RECURSED is not set yet), you change to the BUILDIR directory and invoke your makefile from there. You pass some helper variables (e.g. the current directory) and all make goals, apart of those, which must be executed from outside BUILDDIR (e.g. distclean and the one creating BUILDDIR itself). The rules for those goals you specify also in the second part.

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