My Makefile looks like this:
OBJ = $(SRC:.c=.c.o) #yes it it should be renamed to .c.o, not .o
LIBS = -lchecl -lchecs -lchengine-dev -lglfw -lm -lGL -lGLEW -lcheio -lopenal -lfreetype
EXE = test
VER = -std=c99
MODE = -g
OPT = -O0
ERR = -Wall -Wuninitialized -Werror=implicit-function-declaration -Wextra -Wno-unused-parameter -Wno-incompatible-pointer-types -Werror=int-conversion -Wduplicated-cond -Wlogical-op -Wrestrict -Wnull-dereference -Wjump-misses-init -Wdouble-promotion -Wshadow -Wformat=2
LFLAGS = -o
CFLAGS = $(ERR) $(VER) $(OPT) -c $(MODE) `pkg-config --cflags freetype2`
run: $(EXE)
./$(EXE)
$(EXE): $(OBJ)
gcc $(LFLAGS) $(EXE) $(OBJ) $(LIBS)
%.o: %.c
gcc -c $(CFLAGS) $*.c
mv "$$(basename $*.o)" "$$(dirname $*)"
cleanall:
rm $(OBJ)
rm $(SRC)
And I am passing the SRC variable like this:
files=$(find . -type f -name '*.c.c')
make run SRC="$files"
But this gives the the following error:
make: *** No rule to make target 'src/setup.c
./states/mainMenuState.c
...
(a list of all source files)'
However if I manually copy the value of $files into the Makefile, writing SRC = and then the source files, it compiles just fine. If I write instead of OBJ = $(SRC:.c.c=.c.o) OBJ = $($(SRC):.c.c=.c.o) it seems to compile but not link correctly, because then I get this error:
//usr/local/lib/libchengine-dev.so: undefined reference to `vector_find'
//usr/local/lib/libchengine-dev.so: undefined reference to `che_init'
//usr/local/lib/libchengine-dev.so: undefined reference to `vector_destruct'
SRC is used in the definition of OBJ. But this can't be your real makefile, because it won't work. So something must be different about your real makefile versus what you've shown us, and that difference is critical to the problem you're having. As Renaud says, please provide a MCVE.
I created a simple makefile:
OBJS := $(SRC:.c=.c.o)
all: $(OBJS)
%.c.o : %.c
: $< $#
then ran it:
files=$(find -name \*.c)
make SRC="$files"
and it worked just fine:
: foo.c foo.c.o
: bar.c bar.c.o
: biz.c biz.c.o
: baz.c baz.c.o
You can work around the problem in GNU make 4.1 by not including newlines in the $files variable. For example you can change how you set it to this:
files=$(find . -type f -name '*.c.c' -printf '%p ')
so it uses space separators instead of newlines.
I'm fairly new to makefiles and am currently running with the following one that came with the code and that I extended by the options FFLAGS_EXT1, COMP_EXT1, and file1.F90 and file2.F90:
FC = gfortran
FFLAGS = -g -ffpe-trap=zero,invalid,overflow,underflow -Dno_nans -I ../
FFLAGS_EXT1 = -g -fbacktrace -ffpe-trap=zero,invalid,overflow,underflow -fbounds-check -fcheck=all -Wconversion -std=gnu -O3 -fmax-errors=5 -Dno_nans -I ../ # Stricter compiler flags
LDFLAGS =
OBJ_EXT = o
EXE_EXT = x
COMP = $(FC) $(FFLAGS) -c -o $# $<
COMP_EXT1 = $(FC) $(FFLAGS_EXT1) -c -o $# $<
LINK = $(FC) $(LDFLAGS) -o $# $^
MAIN_MODULES = $(a list of file names without extensions)
OUR_MODULES = $(another list of file names without extensions)
# FORTRAN settings
.SUFFIXES: .F90 .$(OBJ_EXT)
# compilation rules
.F90.$(OBJ_EXT):
# $(COMP)
$(COMP_EXT1)
.PHONY: all
all: \
program1.$(EXE_EXT) program2.$(EXE_EXT) ...
program1.$(EXE_EXT): \
$(addsuffix .$(OBJ_EXT),$(MAIN_MODULES)) \
$(addsuffix .$(OBJ_EXT),$(OUR_MODULES)) \
file1.$(OBJ_EXT) \
file2.$(OBJ_EXT)
$(LINK)
...
This enables me to compile either all of the source files with FFLAGS or with the stricter FFLAGS_EXT1 depending on the choice of the compilation rule.
What I'd like to get is: use COMP as default (there are also other programs apart from the defined program1 which I must not break compatibility with) but use COMP_EXT1 or respectively FFLAGS_EXT1 specifically for file1 and file2 (the legacy code throws a lot of warnings I'd like to ignore and only focus on my new stuff - it is a fairly large project in total...).
I am aware of, e.g., this post, but I'm totally unaware of how to implement this in my case.
Any help would be highly appreciated!
EDIT:
Thanks to the hint by #Matt, I figured out the this changed version would do the trick:
FC = gfortran
FFLAGS = -g -ffpe-trap=zero,invalid,overflow,underflow -Dno_nans -I ../
FFLAGS_EXT1 = -g -fbacktrace -ffpe-trap=zero,invalid,overflow,underflow -fbounds-check -fcheck=all -Wconversion -std=gnu -O3 -fmax-errors=5 -Dno_nans -I ../ # Stricter compiler flags
LDFLAGS =
OBJ_EXT = o
EXE_EXT = x
COMP = $(FC) $(FFLAGS) -c -o $# $<
LINK = $(FC) $(LDFLAGS) -o $# $^
MAIN_MODULES = $(a list of file names without extensions)
OUR_MODULES = $(another list of file names without extensions)
# FORTRAN settings
.SUFFIXES: .F90 .$(OBJ_EXT)
# compilation rules
.F90.$(OBJ_EXT):
$(COMP)
file1.$(OBJ_EXT):
$(FC) $(FFLAGS_EXT1) -c file1.F90 -o file1.$(OBJ_EXT)
file2.$(OBJ_EXT):
$(FC) $(FFLAGS_EXT1) -c file2.F90 -o file2.$(OBJ_EXT)
.PHONY: all
all: \
program1.$(EXE_EXT) program2.$(EXE_EXT) ...
program1.$(EXE_EXT): \
$(addsuffix .$(OBJ_EXT),$(MAIN_MODULES)) \
$(addsuffix .$(OBJ_EXT),$(OUR_MODULES)) \
file1.$(OBJ_EXT) \
file2.$(OBJ_EXT)
$(LINK)
...
However, this seems to be quite cumbersome once there are many rules and many files. Simply using something like $(COMP_EXT1) did not work, as it failed with a no input file error.
Is there a way to shorten this construct?
Well, by all means, this is a matter of style. But let's try something:
# prefer simple variables over recursive ones...
FC := gfortran
FFLAGS := -g -ffpe-trap=zero,invalid,overflow,underflow -Dno_nans -I ../
FFLAGS_EXTRA := -fbacktrace -fbounds-check -fcheck=all -Wconversion -std=gnu -O3 -fmax-errors=5
# ...unless we *do* require deferred expansion
COMP = $(FC) $(FFLAGS) $(FFLAGS_$#) -c -o $# $<
LINK = $(FC) $(LDFLAGS) -o $# $^
# this is a matter of choice but one-letter variables could be handy
O := o
X := x
# I assume both file1 and file2 are already mentioned here
MAIN_MODULES := $(a list of file names without extensions)
OUR_MODULES := $(another list of file names without extensions)
# use computed variables for maximum flexibility
FFLAGS_file1.$O := $(FFLAGS_EXTRA)
FFLAGS_file2.$O := $(FFLAGS_EXTRA)
.PHONY: all
all: program1.$X program2.$X ...
program1.$X: $(addsuffix .$O,$(MAIN_MODULES) $(OUR_MODULES))
$(LINK)
program2.$X: ...
$(LINK)
# it is recommended to use pattern rules instead of suffix rules
%.$O: %.F90
$(COMP)
...
Maybe you want to go a different route, namely to use gmtt which is a library for well, quite some things programming in GNUmake. It offers a table data structure which is aimed at build config tasks like yours:
include gmtt-master/gmtt.mk
FC = gfortran
FFLAGS = -g -ffpe-trap=zero,invalid,overflow,underflow -Dno_nans -I ../
LDFLAGS =
OBJ_EXT = o
EXE_EXT = x
COMP = $(FC) $(FFLAGS) -c -o $# $<
LINK = $(FC) $(LDFLAGS) -o $# $^
MAIN_MODULES = $(a list of file names without extensions)
OUR_MODULES = $(another list of file names without extensions)
# FORTRAN settings
.SUFFIXES: .F90 .$(OBJ_EXT)
# Construct a gmtt table. The one caveat is that we must escape the space characters in the
# second column until we select entries from the table.
define COMPILE_FLAGS_TBL
2
file1.$(OBJ_EXT) $(call spc-mask,-fbacktrace -ffpe-trap=zero,invalid,overflow,underflow -fbounds-check -fcheck=all -Wconversion -std=gnu -O3 -fmax-errors=5)
file2.$(OBJ_EXT) $(call spc-mask,-fbacktrace -ffpe-trap=zero,invalid,overflow,underflow -fbounds-check -fcheck=all -Wconversion -std=gnu -O3 -fmax-errors=5)
endef
# Special flags: "select column 2 from COMPILE_FLAGS_TBL where first column is string-equal to the target"
# ...and recover the space characters afterwards:
FFLAGS_SPECIAL = $(call spc-unmask,$(call select,2,$(COMPILE_FLAGS_TBL),$$(call str-eq,$$1,$#)))
# compilation rules
.PHONY: all
all: foo.o bar.o file1.o file2.o
%.F90:
touch $#
%.o: %.F90
#echo flags: $(FFLAGS) $(FFLAGS_SPECIAL)
Output:
$ make
touch foo.F90
flags: -g -ffpe-trap=zero,invalid,overflow,underflow -Dno_nans -I ../
touch bar.F90
flags: -g -ffpe-trap=zero,invalid,overflow,underflow -Dno_nans -I ../
touch file1.F90
flags: -g -ffpe-trap=zero,invalid,overflow,underflow -Dno_nans -I ../ -fbacktrace -ffpe-trap=zero,invalid,overflow,underflow -fbounds-check -fcheck=all -Wconversion -std=gnu -O3 -fmax-errors=5
touch file2.F90
flags: -g -ffpe-trap=zero,invalid,overflow,underflow -Dno_nans -I ../ -fbacktrace -ffpe-trap=zero,invalid,overflow,underflow -fbounds-check -fcheck=all -Wconversion -std=gnu -O3 -fmax-errors=5
rm bar.F90 file1.F90 foo.F90 file2.F90
You can have more flexible file selection by using globs:
include gmtt-master/gmtt-master/gmtt.mk
FFLAGS = -g -ffpe-trap=zero,invalid,overflow,underflow -Dno_nans -I ../
OBJ_EXT = o
# Construct a gmtt table. The one caveat is that we must escape the space characters in the
# second column until we select entries from the table.
define COMPILE_FLAGS_TBL
2
file1.$(OBJ_EXT) $(call spc-mask,-fbacktrace -ffpe-trap=zero,invalid,overflow,underflow -fbounds-check -fcheck=all -Wconversion -std=gnu -O3 -fmax-errors=5)
file2.$(OBJ_EXT) $(call spc-mask,-fbacktrace -ffpe-trap=zero,invalid,overflow,underflow -fbounds-check -fcheck=all -Wconversion -std=gnu -O3 -fmax-errors=5)
endef
define PATTERN_FLAGS_TBL
2
*_frobozz_[7-9].$(OBJ_EXT) $(call spc-mask,-ffrobozz)
X_frabazz_*.$(OBJ_EXT) $(call spc-mask,-ffrabazz -dwhatever)
endef
# Special flags: "select column 2 from COMPILE_FLAGS_TBL where first column is string-equal to the target"
# ...and recover the space characters afterwards:
FFLAGS_SPECIAL = $(call spc-unmask,$(call select,2,$(COMPILE_FLAGS_TBL),$$(call str-eq,$$1,$#)))
# Very special flags: "select column 2 from PATTERN_FLAGS_TBL where target matches glob in first column"
# ...and recover the space characters afterwards
FFLAGS_VERY_SPECIAL = $(call spc-unmask,$(call select,2,$(PATTERN_FLAGS_TBL),$$(call glob-match,$#,$$1)))
# compilation rules
.PHONY: all
all: foo.o bar.o file1.o file2.o A_frobozz_8.o A_frobozz_6.o X_frabazz_mike.o X_frabazz_mandy.o
%.F90:
#touch $#
%.o: %.F90
#echo $# flags: $(FFLAGS) $(FFLAGS_SPECIAL) $(FFLAGS_VERY_SPECIAL)
Output:
$ make
foo.o flags: -g -ffpe-trap=zero,invalid,overflow,underflow -Dno_nans -I ../
bar.o flags: -g -ffpe-trap=zero,invalid,overflow,underflow -Dno_nans -I ../
file1.o flags: -g -ffpe-trap=zero,invalid,overflow,underflow -Dno_nans -I ../ -fbacktrace -ffpe-trap=zero,invalid,overflow,underflow -fbounds-check -fcheck=all -Wconversion -std=gnu -O3 -fmax-errors=5
file2.o flags: -g -ffpe-trap=zero,invalid,overflow,underflow -Dno_nans -I ../ -fbacktrace -ffpe-trap=zero,invalid,overflow,underflow -fbounds-check -fcheck=all -Wconversion -std=gnu -O3 -fmax-errors=5
A_frobozz_8.o flags: -g -ffpe-trap=zero,invalid,overflow,underflow -Dno_nans -I ../ -ffrobozz
A_frobozz_6.o flags: -g -ffpe-trap=zero,invalid,overflow,underflow -Dno_nans -I ../
X_frabazz_mike.o flags: -g -ffpe-trap=zero,invalid,overflow,underflow -Dno_nans -I ../ -ffrabazz -dwhatever
X_frabazz_mandy.o flags: -g -ffpe-trap=zero,invalid,overflow,underflow -Dno_nans -I ../ -ffrabazz -dwhatever
rm X_frabazz_mandy.F90 A_frobozz_8.F90 bar.F90 file1.F90 foo.F90 A_frobozz_6.F90 file2.F90 X_frabazz_mike.F90
Compiling error
I am quite new to Fortran coding.
Currently, I have a makefile which has been previously used by original authors to compile the Fortran codes in Linux. However, I cannot understand what needs to be changed in the previous makefile to run it in Windows-based compiler Silverfrost FTN95.
While trying to compile in FTN95 I encountered the following error:
C:\Users\Geo-TGS\Documents\landslidemodel\src\TRIGRS>MAKE TPX
mpif90 -w -O3 -w -O3 -c ssizgrd.f95
process_begin: CreateProcess(NULL, mpif90 -w -O3 -w -O3 -c ssizgrd.f95, ...) failed.
make (e=2): The system cannot find the file specified.
makefile:59: recipe for target `ssizgrd.o' failed
MAKE: *** [ssizgrd.o] Error 2
C:\Users\Geo-TGS\Documents\landslidemodel\src\TRIGRS>make trg
mpif90 -w -O3 -w -O3 -c grids.f95
process_begin: CreateProcess(NULL, mpif90 -w -O3 -w -O3 -c grids.f95, ...) failed.
make (e=2): The system cannot find the file specified.
makefile:59: recipe for target `grids.o' failed
make: *** [grids.o] Error 2
Below is the Makefile code:
TRG = trg
PRG = prg
TPX = tpx
OBJT90 = trigrs.o flux.o prpijz.o svxmdv.o svijz.o dzero_brac.o
OBJT95 = grids.o input_vars.o model_vars.o dsimps.o input_file_defs.o iverson.o pstpi.o satfin.o savage.o steady.o trini.o unsinf.o ivestp.o pstpf.o rnoff.o satinf.o smallt.o svgstp.o unsfin.o unsth.o ssizgrd.o svlist.o
OBJT77 = calerf.o dbsct.o derfc.o irdgrd.o irdswm.o isvgrd.o roots.o srdgrd.o srdswm.o ssvgrd.o
OBJP90 = trigrs_p.o partial_p.o flux.o flux_p.o prpijz.o svxmdv.o svijz.o dzero_brac.o srdgrd_p.o irdgrd_p.o
OBJP95 = modules_p.o grids.o input_vars.o model_vars.o dsimps.o input_file_defs.o iverson.o pstpi.o pstpi_p.o satfin.o satfin_p.o savage.o steady.o trini.o trini_p.o unsinf.o unsinf_p.o ivestp.o ivestp_p.o pstpf.o pstpf_p.o rnoff.o satinf.o satinf_p.o smallt.o svgstp.o svgstp_p.o unsfin.o unsfin_p.o unsth.o unsth_p.o ssizgrd.o ssizgrd_p.o svlist.o rnoff_p.o steady_p.o
OBJP77 = calerf.o dbsct.o derfc.o irdgrd.o irdswm.o irdswm_p.o isvgrd.o roots.o srdgrd.o srdswm.o srdswm_p.o ssvgrd.o
OBJX90 = tpindx.o nxtcel.o
OBJX95 = ssizgrd.o
OBJX77 = isvgrd.o mpfldr.o rdflodir.o sindex.o slofac.o srdgrd1.o
LIBS =
CC = gcc -O3
CCFLAGS = -lgsl -lgslcblas -lm
FC = ftn95 -w -O3
FFLAGS =
F90 = f95 -w -O3
MPIF90 = mpif90 -w -O3
F90FLAGS = -w -O3
LDFLAGS = -w -O3
all: $(TRG) $(PRG)
#-----------------------------------------------------------------
$(TRG): $(OBJT95) $(OBJT90) $(OBJT77)
$(F90) $(CCLIBS) $(LDFLAGS) -o $# $(OBJT95) $(OBJT90) $(OBJT77) $(CCFLAGS) $(LIBS)
$(PRG): $(OBJP95) $(OBJP90) $(OBJP77)
$(MPIF90) $(CCLIBS) $(LDFLAGS) -o $# $(OBJP95) $(OBJP90) $(OBJP77)
$(CCFLAGS) $(LIBS)
$(TPX): $(OBJX95) $(OBJX90) $(OBJX77)
$(F90) $(CCLIBS) $(LDFLAGS) -o $# $(OBJX95) $(OBJX90) $(OBJX77) $(CCFLAGS) $(LIBS)
#-----------------------------------------------------------------
clean:
rm -f $(TRG) $(TPX) $(PRG)
rm -rf $(OBJT95) $(OBJT90) $(OBJT77) $(OBJP95) $(OBJP90) $(OBJP77)
rm -rf $(OBJX95) $(OBJX90) $(OBJX77)
rm -rf *.mod *.exe *.stackdump
.SUFFIXES: $(SUFFIXES) .f90 .f .c .f95
.f90.o:
$(MPIF90) $(F90FLAGS) -c $<
.f.o:
$(MPIF90) $(F90FLAGS) -c $<
.c.o:
$(CC) $(CCINCLUDE) -c -w $<
.f95.o:
$(MPIF90) $(F90FLAGS) -c $<
What changes need to be made for the code to compile?
I have the following Makefile. Whenever I run make, I get the following error.
ifort: error #10236: File not found: 'mkl_matrix_multiply.o'
I have been trying to figure this out for a while now with no luck.
C = icc
FC = ifort
LD = ifort
OPT = -Ofast -vec_report6 -simd -xhost -debug -traceback -ftrapuv
OP = -Ofast -vec_report6 -simd -xhost
LINK = -L$(MKLROOT)/lib/intel64 $(MKLROOT)/lib/intel64/libmkl_blas95_ilp64.a -lmkl_intel_ilp64 -lmkl_intel_thread -lmkl_core -lpthread -lm
INCLUDE = -openmp -i8 -I$(MKLROOT)/include/intel64/ilp64 -I$(MKLROOT)/include
mkl_matrix_multiply.exe: mkl_matrix_multiply.o timing.o
$(LD) -o mkl_matrix_multiply.exe mkl_matrix_multiply.o timing.o
mkl_matrix_multiply.o: mkl_matrix_multiply.f90
$(FC) $(INCLUDE) $(LINK) mkl_matrix_multiply.f90
timing.o: timing.c
$(CC) $(OP) -c timing.c
dummy.o: dummy.c
$(CC) $(OP) -c dummy.c
clean:
rm -f *.o matrix_multiply.exe
Any help would be greatly appreciated.
Seems like you are missing -c in mkl_matrix_multiply.o rule.
Modify your makefile as
C = icc
FC = ifort
LD = ifort
OPT = -Ofast -vec_report6 -simd -xhost -debug -traceback -ftrapuv
OP = -Ofast -vec_report6 -simd -xhost
LINK = -L$(MKLROOT)/lib/intel64 $(MKLROOT)/lib/intel64/libmkl_blas95_ilp64.a -lmkl_intel_ilp64 -lmkl_intel_thread -lmkl_core -lpthread -lm
INCLUDE = -openmp -i8 -I$(MKLROOT)/include/intel64/ilp64 -I$(MKLROOT)/include
mkl_matrix_multiply.exe: mkl_matrix_multiply.o timing.o
$(LD) -o mkl_matrix_multiply.exe mkl_matrix_multiply.o timing.o
mkl_matrix_multiply.o: mkl_matrix_multiply.f90
$(FC) -c $(INCLUDE) $(LINK) mkl_matrix_multiply.f90
timing.o: timing.c
$(CC) $(OP) -c timing.c
dummy.o: dummy.c
$(CC) $(OP) -c dummy.c
clean:
rm -f *.o matrix_multiply.exe
I have the following make file:
CC = gcc
CCDEPMODE = depmode=gcc3
CFLAGS = -g -O2 -W -Wall -Wno-unused -Wno-multichar
COMPONENTHEADER = Q_OBJECT
CPP = gcc -E
CPPFLAGS = -I/usr/include/Inventor/annex -D_REENTRANT -I/usr/share/qt3/include
CXX = g++
CXXCPP = g++ -E
CXXDEPMODE = depmode=gcc3
CXXFLAGS = -g -O2 -fno-exceptions -W -Wall -Wno-unused -Wno-multichar -Woverloaded- virtual
CYGPATH_W = echo
GUI = QT
Gui = Qt
INCLUDES =
LIBS = -lSoQt -lqt-mt -lXmu -lXi -lCoin -lGL -lXext -lSM -lICE -lX11 -ldl -lpthread -lm -lcxcore -lcv -lhighgui -lcvaux
OBJS = MathTools.o PointCloud.o ExtractFeatures.o Tile.o Shape.o RoadDynamic.o
SRCS = MathTools.cpp PointCloud.cpp ExtractFeatures.cpp Tile.cpp Shape.cpp RoadDynamic.cpp main.cpp
HDRS = constants.h Shape.h MathTools.h PointCloud.h ExtractFeatures.h Tile.h RoadDynamic.h
WIDGET = QWidget *
all: main
main: main.o ${OBJS}
${CC} ${CFLAGS} ${INCLUDES} -o $# main.o ${OBJS} ${LIBS}
.c.o:
${CC} ${CFLAGS} ${INCLUDES} -c $<
depend:
makedepend ${SRCS}
clean:
rm *.o core *~
tar:
tar cf code.tar Makefile *.c *.h testfile1
print:
more Makefile $(HDRS) $(SRCS) | enscript -2r -p listing.ps
I am wondering why when I run make the output is
g++ -g -O2 -fno-exceptions -W -Wall -Wno-unused -Wno-multichar -Woverloaded-virtual -I/usr/include/Inventor/annex -D_REENTRANT -I/usr/share/qt4/include -c -o main.o main.cpp
instead of:
gcc -g -O2 -W -Wall -Wno-unused -Wno-multichar ...
it seems the cxx variables are overriding the cc variables. Why is that?
also what does the "include =" do in this case? It doesn't seem to be set to anything.
Thank you
Because your object files are apparently built from .cpp files. You have no explicit rule for building .o files from .cpp files, so Make uses the implicit rule $(CXX) $(CPPFLAGS) $(CXXFLAGS) -c.