How to get a particular line from a file - ruby

Question

Is it possible to extract a particular line from a file knowing its line number? For example, just get the contents of line N as a string from file "text.txt"?

Answer 1

You could get it by index from readlines.
line = IO.readlines("file.txt")[42]
Only use this if it's a small file.

Answer 2

Try one of these two solutions:
file = File.open "file.txt"
#1 solution would eat a lot of RAM
p [*file][n-1]
#2 solution would not
n.times{ file.gets }
p $_
file.close

Answer 3

def get_line_from_file(path, line)
result = nil
File.open(path, "r") do |f|
while line > 0
line -= 1
result = f.gets
end
end
return result
end
get_line_from_file("/tmp/foo.txt", 20)
This is a good solution because:
You don't use File.read, thus you don't read the entire file into memory. Doing so could become a problem if the file is 20MB large and you read often enough so GC doesn't keep up.
You only read from the file until the line you want. If your file has 1000 lines, getting line 20 will only read the 20 first lines into Ruby.
You can replace gets with readline if you want to raise an error (EOFError) instead of returning nil when passing an out-of-bounds line.

Answer 4

File has a nice lineno method.
def get_line(filename, lineno)
File.open(filename,'r') do |f|
f.gets until f.lineno == lineno - 1
f.gets
end
end

Answer 5

linenumber=5
open("file").each_with_index{|line,ind|
if ind+1==linenumber
save=line
# break or exit if needed.
end
}
or
linenumber=5
f=open("file")
while line=f.gets
if $. == linenumber # $. is line number
print "#{f.lineno} #{line}" # another way
# break # break or exit if needed
end
end
f.close
If you just want to get the line and do nothing else, you can use this one liner
ruby -ne '(print $_ and exit) if $.==5' file

Answer 6

If you want one liner and do not care about memory usage, use (assuming lines are numbered from 1)
lineN = IO.readlines('text.txt')[n-1]
or
lineN = f.readlines[n-1]
if you already have file opened.
Otherwise it would be better to do like this:
lineN = File.open('text.txt') do |f|
(n-1).times { f.gets } # skip lines preceeding line N
f.gets # read line N contents
end

Answer 7

These solutions work if you want only one line from a file, or if you want multiple lines from a file small enough to be read repeatedly. Large files (for example, 10 million lines) take much longer to search for a specific line so it's better to get the necessary lines sequentially in a single read so the large file doesn't get read multiple times.
Create a large file:
File.open('foo', 'a') { |f| f.write((0..10_000_000).to_a.join("\n")) }
Pick which lines will be read from it and make sure they're sorted:
lines = [9_999_999, 3_333_333, 6_666_666].sort
Print out those lines:
File.open('foo') do |f|
lines.each_with_index do |line, index|
(line - (index.zero? ? 0 : lines[index - 1]) - 1).times { f.gets }
puts f.gets
end
end
This solution works for any number of lines, does not load the entire file into memory, reads as few lines as possible, and only reads the file one time.