I'm trying to use the cut function to parse filenames, but am encountering difficulty while doing so in a find loop With the intention of converting my music library from ARTIST - TITLE.EXT to TITLE.EXT
So If I had the file X - Y.EXT it should yield Y.EXT as an output.
The current function is something like this:
find . -iname "*.mp3" -exec cut -d "-" -f 2 <<< "`echo {}`" \;
It should be noted that the above syntax looks a bit strange, why not just use <<< {} \; instead of the echo {}. cut seems to parse the file instead of the filename if it's not given a string.
Another attempt I had looked something like:
find . -iname "*.mp3" -exec TRACKTITLE=`echo {} | cut -d '-' -f2` \; -exec echo "$TRACKTITLE" \;
But this fails with find: ‘TRACKTITLE=./DAN TERMINUS - Underwater Cities.mp3’: No such file or directory.
This (cut -d "-" -f 2 <<< FILENAME) command works wonderfully for a single instance (although keeps the space after the "-" character frustratingly).
How can I perform this operation in a find loop?
First thing is try to extract what you want in your file name with Parameter Expansion.
file="ARTIST - TITLE.EXT"
echo "${file#* - }"
Output
TITLE.EXT
Using find and invoking a shell with a for loop.
find . -type f -iname "*.mp3" -exec sh -c 'for music; do echo mv -v "$music" "${music#* - }"; done' sh {} +
If there are .mp3 files in sub directories, just change
-exec
with
-execdir
if available/supported by your find
For whatever reason -execdir is not available.
find . -type f -iname "*.mp3" -exec sh -c '
for music; do
pathname="${music%/*}"
filename="${music##*/}"
new_music="${filename#* - }"
echo mv -v "$music" "$pathname/$new_music"
done' sh {} +
Remove the echo if you're satisfied with the output.
See Understanding -exec option to Find
Below command would say what it would do, remove echo to actually
run mv:
find . -iname "*.mp3" -exec sh -c 'echo mv "$1" "$(echo "$1" | cut -d - -f2)"' sh {} \;
Example output:
$ find . -iname "*.mp3" -exec sh -c 'echo mv "$1" "$(echo "$1" | cut -d - -f2)"' sh {} \;
mv ./X - Y.mp3 Y.mp3
mv ./ARTIST - TITLE.mp3 TITLE.mp3
Also notice that your cut command will leave a whitespace at the
beginning of the new filename:
$ echo ARTIST\ -\ TITLE.mp3 | cut -d - -f2-
TITLE.mp3
You don't need the find nor the cut for this task.
for f in *' - '*.mp3; do mv -i "$f" "${f##* - }"; done
will do the job for the current directory.
If you want to descend through directories, then:
shopt -s globstar
for f in ./**/*' - '*.mp3; do
mv -i "$f" "${f%/*}/${f##* - }"
done
I have a script that searches specific locations for .txt files and outputs the results to stdout, and to a file using the tee command. At least it's supposed to. I'm having some strange issues with it however. Here's the code:
echo -e "${HIGHLIGHT}Sensitive files:${OFF}"
echo "## Sensitive files:" >> $ofile
for file in $(cat $1); do ls -lh $file 2>/dev/null; done | tee -a $ofile
echo " " | tee -a $ofile
echo -e "${HIGHLIGHT}Suids:${OFF}"
echo "## Suids:" >> $ofile
find / -type f \( -perm -04000 -o -perm -02000 \) -exec ls -Alh {} \; 2>/dev/null | tee -a $ofile
echo " " | tee -a $ofile
echo -e "${HIGHLIGHT}Owned by root only:${OFF}"
echo "## Owned by root only:" >> $ofile
find / -type f -user root \( -perm -04000 -o -perm -02000 \) -exec ls -lg {} \; 2>/dev/null | tee -a $ofile
echo " " | tee -a $ofile
# Text files
echo -e "${HIGHLIGHT}Text files:${OFF}"
echo "## Text files:" >> $ofile
find /etc -type f -name *.txt -exec ls -lh {} \; 2>/dev/null | tee -a $ofile
find /home -type f -name *.txt -exec ls -lh {} \; 2>/dev/null | tee -a $ofile
find /root -type f -name *.txt -exec ls -lh {} \; 2>/dev/null | tee -a $ofile
The strange thing is that all of the commands work just fine, except for the find searches for .txt files at the bottom. None of those commands work in the script, yet if I copy and paste them into the terminal and run it exactly as they were in the script, they work just fine. How is this even possible?
You need to quote or escape the * in your -name patterns, otherwise the shell tries to expand it and use the expanded form in its place in the command line.
find /etc -type f -name '*.txt' -exec ls -lh {} \; 2>/dev/null | tee -a $ofile
and the others being similar will work
I am new to shell programming. I want to move any executable file, any file starting with shebang(#!), and any file whose name ends with .sh from a directory to /tmp/backup and log the names of the files moved.
This is what I have done till now
Searching for files with #^
grep -ircl --exclude=*.{png,jpg,gif,html,jar} "^#" /home
Finding executables
find . -type f -perm +111 or find . -type f -perm -u+x
Now I am struggling how to club these two commands get a final output which I can pass to perform backup and remove from current directory
Thanks
Use the xargs command
"find command" | xargs "grep command"
You could put everything in a file, sort it, then process it with Awk:
# Select all files to move
grep -ircl --exclude=*.{png,jpg,gif,html,jar} '^#\!' /home > list.txt
find /home -type f \( -perm -u+x -o -name "*.sh" \) -print >> list.txt
# Feed them to Awk that will log and move the file
sort list.txt | uniq | awk -v LOGFILE="mylog.txt" '
{ print "Moving " $0 >> LOGFILE
"mv -v --backup \"" $0 "\" /tmp/backup" | getline
print >> LOGFILE }'
EDIT: you can make a formal script out of this skeleton, by adding some variables and some additional checks:
#!/bin/bash
LIST="$( mktemp || exit 1 )"
LOG="/tmp/mylog.txt"
SOURCE="/home"
TARGET="/tmp/backup"
mkdir -p "${TARGET}"
cd "${SOURCE}" || exit 1
# Select all files to move
grep -ircl --exclude=*.{png,jpg,gif,html,jar} '^#\!' "${SOURCE}" > "${LIST}"
find "${SOURCE}" -type f \( -perm -u+x -o -name "*.sh" \) -print >> "${LIST}"
# Feed them to Awk that will log and move the file
sort "${LIST}" | uniq | awk -v LOGFILE="${LOG}" -v TARGET="${TARGET}" '
{ print "Moving " $0 >> LOGFILE
"mv -v --backup \"" $0 "\" " TARGET | getline
print >> LOGFILE }'
In my directory I have subfolders, and I want to list all directories like this:
- ./subfolder
- ./subfolder/subsubfolder1
- ./subfolder/subsubfolder2
- ./subfolder/subsubfolder2/subsubsubfolder
I want to list this structure:
./fol'der/subfol'der/
Here is my code:
echo -n "" > myfile
find . -type d -print0 | xargs -0 -I# | cat | grep -v -P "^.$" | sed -e "s/'/\\\'/g" | xargs -I# echo "- #" >> myfile
The desired output would be like this:
- ./fol'der
- ./fol'der/subfol'der
But the output is:
- ./fol'der
- #
It seems like sed fails at the second occurrence of the single quote (') character, or something. I have no idea. Can you help me? (I'm on OS X 10.7.4.)
I've been grep-ing and sed-ing like an idiot. Thought about a little bit, and I came up with a much more simple solution, a for loop.
echo -n "" > myfile
for folder in $(find . -type d)
do
if [[ $folder != "." ]]
then
echo "- ${folder}" >> myfile
fi
done
My previous solution wasn't working with names containing whitespaces, so the correct one is:
echo -n "" > myfile
find . -type d -print0 | while read -d $'\0' folder
do
if [[ "${folder}" != "." ]]
then
echo "- ${folder}" >> myfile
fi
done
With GNU Parallel you can do:
find . -type d -print0 | parallel -q -0 echo '- '{}
Your output will be screwed up if you have any dirs with \n in its name. If you do not have any dirs with \n in the name you can do:
find . -type d -print | parallel -q echo '- '{}
The -q is only needed if you really need two spaces after '-'.
You can install GNU Parallel simply by:
wget http://git.savannah.gnu.org/cgit/parallel.git/plain/src/parallel
chmod 755 parallel
cp parallel sem
Watch the intro videos for GNU Parallel to learn more: https://www.youtube.com/playlist?list=PL284C9FF2488BC6D1
This is on Linux, but it should work on OS X:
find . -type d -print0 | xargs -0 -I # echo '- #'
It works for me regardless of whether the last set of quotes are single or double.
Output:
- ./fol'der
- ./fol'der/subfol'der
I am trying to use find -exec with multiple commands without any success. Does anybody know if commands such as the following are possible?
find *.txt -exec echo "$(tail -1 '{}'),$(ls '{}')" \;
Basically, I am trying to print the last line of each txt file in the current directory and print at the end of the line, a comma followed by the filename.
find accepts multiple -exec portions to the command. For example:
find . -name "*.txt" -exec echo {} \; -exec grep banana {} \;
Note that in this case the second command will only run if the first one returns successfully, as mentioned by #Caleb. If you want both commands to run regardless of their success or failure, you could use this construct:
find . -name "*.txt" \( -exec echo {} \; -o -exec true \; \) -exec grep banana {} \;
find . -type d -exec sh -c "echo -n {}; echo -n ' x '; echo {}" \;
One of the following:
find *.txt -exec awk 'END {print $0 "," FILENAME}' {} \;
find *.txt -exec sh -c 'echo "$(tail -n 1 "$1"),$1"' _ {} \;
find *.txt -exec sh -c 'echo "$(sed -n "\$p" "$1"),$1"' _ {} \;
Another way is like this:
multiple_cmd() {
tail -n1 $1;
ls $1
};
export -f multiple_cmd;
find *.txt -exec bash -c 'multiple_cmd "$0"' {} \;
in one line
multiple_cmd() { tail -1 $1; ls $1 }; export -f multiple_cmd; find *.txt -exec bash -c 'multiple_cmd "$0"' {} \;
"multiple_cmd()" - is a function
"export -f multiple_cmd" - will export it so any other subshell can see it
"find *.txt -exec bash -c 'multiple_cmd "$0"' {} \;" - find that will execute the function on your example
In this way multiple_cmd can be as long and as complex, as you need.
Hope this helps.
There's an easier way:
find ... | while read -r file; do
echo "look at my $file, my $file is amazing";
done
Alternatively:
while read -r file; do
echo "look at my $file, my $file is amazing";
done <<< "$(find ...)"
Extending #Tinker's answer,
In my case, I needed to make a command | command | command inside the -exec to print both the filename and the found text in files containing a certain text.
I was able to do it with:
find . -name config -type f \( -exec grep "bitbucket" {} \; -a -exec echo {} \; \)
the result is:
url = git#bitbucket.org:a/a.git
./a/.git/config
url = git#bitbucket.org:b/b.git
./b/.git/config
url = git#bitbucket.org:c/c.git
./c/.git/config
I don't know if you can do this with find, but an alternate solution would be to create a shell script and to run this with find.
lastline.sh:
echo $(tail -1 $1),$1
Make the script executable
chmod +x lastline.sh
Use find:
find . -name "*.txt" -exec ./lastline.sh {} \;
Thanks to Camilo Martin, I was able to answer a related question:
What I wanted to do was
find ... -exec zcat {} | wc -l \;
which didn't work. However,
find ... | while read -r file; do echo "$file: `zcat $file | wc -l`"; done
does work, so thank you!
1st answer of Denis is the answer to resolve the trouble. But in fact it is no more a find with several commands in only one exec like the title suggest. To answer the one exec with several commands thing we will have to look for something else to resolv. Here is a example:
Keep last 10000 lines of .log files which has been modified in the last 7 days using 1 exec command using severals {} references
1) see what the command will do on which files:
find / -name "*.log" -a -type f -a -mtime -7 -exec sh -c "echo tail -10000 {} \> fictmp; echo cat fictmp \> {} " \;
2) Do it: (note no more "\>" but only ">" this is wanted)
find / -name "*.log" -a -type f -a -mtime -7 -exec sh -c "tail -10000 {} > fictmp; cat fictmp > {} ; rm fictmp" \;
I usually embed the find in a small for loop one liner, where the find is executed in a subcommand with $().
Your command would look like this then:
for f in $(find *.txt); do echo "$(tail -1 $f), $(ls $f)"; done
The good thing is that instead of {} you just use $f and instead of the -exec … you write all your commands between do and ; done.
Not sure what you actually want to do, but maybe something like this?
for f in $(find *.txt); do echo $f; tail -1 $f; ls -l $f; echo; done
should use xargs :)
find *.txt -type f -exec tail -1 {} \; | xargs -ICONSTANT echo $(pwd),CONSTANT
another one (working on osx)
find *.txt -type f -exec echo ,$(PWD) {} + -exec tail -1 {} + | tr ' ' '/'
A find+xargs answer.
The example below finds all .html files and creates a copy with the .BAK extension appended (e.g. 1.html > 1.html.BAK).
Single command with multiple placeholders
find . -iname "*.html" -print0 | xargs -0 -I {} cp -- "{}" "{}.BAK"
Multiple commands with multiple placeholders
find . -iname "*.html" -print0 | xargs -0 -I {} echo "cp -- {} {}.BAK ; echo {} >> /tmp/log.txt" | sh
# if you need to do anything bash-specific then pipe to bash instead of sh
This command will also work with files that start with a hyphen or contain spaces such as -my file.html thanks to parameter quoting and the -- after cp which signals to cp the end of parameters and the beginning of the actual file names.
-print0 pipes the results with null-byte terminators.
for xargs the -I {} parameter defines {} as the placeholder; you can use whichever placeholder you like; -0 indicates that input items are null-separated.
I found this solution (maybe it is already said in a comment, but I could not find any answer with this)
you can execute MULTIPLE COMMANDS in a row using "bash -c"
find . <SOMETHING> -exec bash -c "EXECUTE 1 && EXECUTE 2 ; EXECUTE 3" \;
in your case
find . -name "*.txt" -exec bash -c "tail -1 '{}' && ls '{}'" \;
i tested it with a test file:
[gek#tuffoserver tmp]$ ls *.txt
casualfile.txt
[gek#tuffoserver tmp]$ find . -name "*.txt" -exec bash -c "tail -1 '{}' && ls '{}'" \;
testonline1=some TEXT
./casualfile.txt
Here is my bash script that you can use to find multiple files and then process them all using a command.
Example of usage. This command applies a file linux command to each found file:
./finder.sh file fb2 txt
Finder script:
# Find files and process them using an external command.
# Usage:
# ./finder.sh ./processing_script.sh txt fb2 fb2.zip doc docx
counter=0
find_results=()
for ext in "${#:2}"
do
# #see https://stackoverflow.com/a/54561526/10452175
readarray -d '' ext_results < <(find . -type f -name "*.${ext}" -print0)
for file in "${ext_results[#]}"
do
counter=$((counter+1))
find_results+=("${file}")
echo ${counter}") ${file}"
done
done
countOfResults=$((counter))
echo -e "Found ${countOfResults} files.\n"
echo "Processing..."
counter=0
for file in "${find_results[#]}"
do
counter=$((counter+1))
echo -n ${counter}"/${countOfResults}) "
eval "$1 '${file}'"
done
echo "All files have been processed."