Calculate path center after transformation matrices have been applied - animation
I made a logo in Inkscape. For learning I wanted to make a wheel shape in the logo rotate by the animation support in SVG.
It was easy to implement the rotation, but it was difficult for me to be able to specify the correct axis of rotation. The shape was a cog wheel and I wanted it to rotate around its center. Trial and error gave that the xy-coordinate (47.1275, 1004.17) (whose components are strangely asymmetric, but I guess that has to do with the transformation matrices Inkscape applies) was a good approximation (see animateTransform tag below), but how would I get that from first principles?
<svg xmlns:rdf="http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" version="1.1" xmlns:cc="http://creativecommons.org/ns#" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" viewBox="0 0 321.281 150.799" xmlns:dc="http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/">
<g transform="translate(-9.9178912,-891.57237)">
<g transform="matrix(1.9522781,0,0,1.9522781,4.6434311,-1008.1558)">
<animateTransform attributeType="xml" attributeName="transform" type="rotate" from="0 47.1275 1004.17" to="45 47.1275 1004.17" dur="2s" fill="freeze" additive="sum" repeatCount="indefinite" />
<g transform="matrix(0.65043772,0,0,0.65043772,-143.67477,980.4256)" stroke="#666" stroke-miterlimit="4" stroke-dasharray="none" stroke-width="7.68713093" fill="none">
<path stroke-linejoin="miter" d="m293.404-3.51576c-2.73916,0-5.41514,0.287192-8,0.8125v6.1875c-3.47484,0.838872-6.7198,2.18462-9.6875,4l-4.375-4.375c-2.24264,1.48612-4.29226,3.22977-6.1875,5.125s-3.63888,3.94486-5.125,6.1875l4.375,4.375c-1.81538,2.9677-3.16112,6.21265-4,9.6875h-6.1875c-0.5253,2.58486-0.8125,5.26083-0.8125,8s0.2872,5.41515,0.8125,8h6.1875c0.83888,3.47485,2.18462,6.7198,4,9.6875l-4.375,4.375c1.48612,2.24264,3.22976,4.29227,5.125,6.1875s3.94486,3.63888,6.1875,5.125l4.375-4.375c2.9677,1.81538,6.21266,3.16113,9.6875,4v6.1875c2.58486,0.525308,5.26082,0.8125,8,0.8125,2.73916,0,5.41514-0.287192,8-0.8125v-6.1875c3.47484-0.838872,6.7198-2.18462,9.6875-4l4.375,4.375c2.24264-1.48612,4.29226-3.22977,6.1875-5.125s3.63888-3.94486,5.125-6.1875l-4.375-4.375c1.81538-2.9677,3.16112-6.21266,4-9.6875h6.1875c0.5253-2.58485,0.8125-5.26083,0.8125-8s-0.2872-5.41515-0.8125-8h-6.1875c-0.83888-3.47485-2.18462-6.7198-4-9.6875l4.375-4.375c-1.48612-2.24264-3.22976-4.29227-5.125-6.1875s-3.94486-3.63888-6.1875-5.125l-4.375,4.375c-2.9677-1.81538-6.21266-3.16113-9.6875-4v-6.1875c-2.58486-0.525308-5.26084-0.8125-8-0.8125z" stroke-dashoffset="162" stroke="#666" stroke-linecap="butt" stroke-miterlimit="4" stroke-dasharray="none" stroke-width="7.68713093" fill="none"/>
</g>
</g>
</g>
</svg>
From what I've read in the specification I would say the transformation matrices applied are
1.9522781 0 4.6434311
0 1.9522781 -1008.1558
0 0 1
and
0.65043772 0 -143.67477
0 0.65043772 980.4256
0 0 1
Are they applied on the xyz-coordinate (-9.9178912,-891.57237,0) after the translation transformation?
I guess a correct analysis above would get me the top left point of the path described, or maybe the coordinate for the first handle. After that, does one have to parse the path to decide the bounding-box and thereby the center (since it concerns a somewhat circular object) of the path?
Is it all a lesson in not trying to manually do animation on freely created shapes?
I think the transformations will be applied from the innermost outward, so transform="translate(-9.9178912,-891.57237)" will be done last. But you can ignore the other transformations if you put your animation in the innermost region, i.e. within the path itself:
<g transform1>
<g transform2>
<g transform3>
<path d="coordinates">
<animateTransform your transformation here>
</path>
</g>
</g>
</g>
Then you just need to find the centre of your path, which is easy to do in Inkscape, but tricky to do on-the-fly (related question here: programmatically How to get shape width in SVG document using java).
Personally, I'd use a script within the svg so you can use getBBox to find the bounding box of your shape. If you add the following element into your SVG you can make any element with the id="cog" turn about its centre:
<script type="text/ecmascript"><![CDATA[
var svgNS = "http://www.w3.org/2000/svg";
function init(evt)
{
if ( window.svgDocument == null )
{
svgDocument = evt.target.ownerDocument;
}
addRotateTransform('cog');
}
function addRotateTransform(target_id)
{
var element_to_rotate = svgDocument.getElementById(target_id);
var my_transform = svgDocument.createElementNS(svgNS, "animateTransform");
var bb = element_to_rotate.getBBox();
var cx = bb.x + bb.width/2;
var cy = bb.y + bb.height/2;
my_transform.setAttributeNS(null, "attributeName", "transform");
my_transform.setAttributeNS(null, "attributeType", "XML");
my_transform.setAttributeNS(null, "type", "rotate");
my_transform.setAttributeNS(null, "dur", "4s");
my_transform.setAttributeNS(null, "repeatCount", "indefinite");
my_transform.setAttributeNS(null, "from", "0 "+cx+" "+cy);
my_transform.setAttributeNS(null, "to", "360 "+cx+" "+cy);
element_to_rotate.appendChild(my_transform);
my_transform.beginElement();
}
]]></script>
You also need to add onload="init(evt)" as an attribute to the SVG tag. e.g.
<svg xmlns:rdf="http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#"
xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"
version="1.1"
xmlns:cc="http://creativecommons.org/ns#"
xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"
viewBox="0 0 321.281 150.799"
xmlns:dc="http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/"
onload="init(evt)">
This will call the init() function when the SVG is first loaded. The init() function calls addRotateTransform() which find the element with a given id. It then finds the centre of that object using getBBox() and adds an animateTransform method with the relevant centres. You can change the dur attribute which determines the speed of a full rotation.
It might seem like a lot of code, but I think it's the easiest way to determine the centre of a path. It also means to can easily add other rotating elements by add addRotateTransform('whatever-id'); to the init() function.
Related
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You can remove elements with selection.remove(). This method will return a selection of the removed elements. You can also use selection.append() to append those elements. However, selection.append only takes a function or a string. If you supply a function it should return a (single) element/node. We can access the element/node of a selection of one element with selection.node() This gives us the pattern: let svg = d3.select('svg') let path = svg.selectAll('path').remove(); svg.append('g').append(()=>path.node()); <script src="https://cdnjs.cloudflare.com/ajax/libs/d3/7.0.0/d3.min.js"></script> <svg> <path d="M 30 30 C 60 30 50 50 80 50" stroke="black" stroke-width="1" fill="none"></path> </svg> However, append() is intended for a single element. If you have many elements, instead you could use selection.each() to add each selected element to a parent g: let svg = d3.select('svg') let path = svg.selectAll('path').remove(); let g = svg.append('g'); path.each(function() { g.append(()=>this); }) <script src="https://cdnjs.cloudflare.com/ajax/libs/d3/7.0.0/d3.min.js"></script> <svg> <path d="M 30 30 C 60 30 50 50 80 50" stroke="black" stroke-width="1" fill="none"></path> <path d="M 30 130 C 60 130 50 150 80 150" stroke="black" stroke-width="1" fill="none"></path> </svg> The use of function() and fat arrow notation is intended to ensure the correct this, which is the element we want to add to the parent g This second snippet will work regardless of whether one or more nodes are selected.
In the past years I laid out some approaches similar to the one proposed by Andrew Reid in his answer: "Can I move an SVG element between SVG groups, in d3.js" and "D3.js how to embed selection into a new element". However, digging deeper into this issue, I found a solution that uses VanillaJS DOM methods and does the whole shebang in a single method call. The API of an Element knows some methods for adding multiple elements to the DOM at the same time. The element.append() method can be used to elegantly and easily append your path elements to the new group in a single run. const path = d3.selectAll("path"); d3.select("svg") .insert("g") // insert the new g at the first position .node() // get the DOM node .append( // use the DOM's append, not the D3 one ...path.nodes() // add the nodes from the path selection ); <script src="https://d3js.org/d3.v7.js"></script> <svg id="mySvg"> <path></path> <path></path> <path></path> </svg>
Selecting last path of svg with d3.js
I am fairly new in D3.js I want to build a real time collaborating blackboard. One admin client draw paths on svg and other clients receive them. I'm trying to pick last path element from clients side. I walked around last few hours finding several posts as How can I select :last-child in d3.js? but cannot make it work. When i ask: console.log('svg ='+svg.selectAll("path") having drawn two paths i get svg ={"_groups":[{"0":{},"1":{}}],"_parents":[{"__on":[{"type":"click","name":"","capture":false},{"type":"mousedown","name":"drag","capture":false},{"type":"touchstart","name":"drag","capture":false},{"type":"touchmove","name":"drag","capture":false},{"type":"touchend","name":"drag","capture":false},{"type":"touchcancel","name":"drag","capture":false}]}]} EDIT: my DOM structure <svg id="myCanvas" width="960" height="500"> <rect fill="#F2EDE4" width="100%" height="100%"></rect> <path fill="none" stroke="black" stroke-width="2" stroke-linejoin="round" stroke-linecap="round" d="M223.64999389648438,304.25L223.98332722981772,304.5833333333333C224.31666056315103,304.9166666666667,224.98332722981772,305.5833333333333,226.31666056315103,306.75C227.64999389648438,307.9166666666667,229.64999389648438,309.5833333333333,231.14999389648438,310.4166666666667C232.64999389648438,311.25,233.64999389648438,311.25,234.98332722981772,310.4166666666667C236.31666056315103,309.5833333333333,237.98332722981772,307.9166666666667,238.81666056315103,307.0833333333333L239.64999389648438,306.25"></path><path></path></svg> Thanks in advance
Have you tried something like this? const lastPath = d3.select('svg>path:last-child') You should be able to use a string like :last-child in the d3 selection api.
Peter's answer is working. You get a {"_groups":[[{}]],"_parents":[{}]}, as you said in your comment, because that is a D3 selection, and that's the expected object. If you want to get the DOM element, simply use the node() function: const lastPath = d3.select('svg>path:last-child').node(); //getting the DOM element -------------------------^ Here is a demo using your SVG, it will log that empty path, which is the last one (since S.O. snippets freeze — at least in my machine, using Chrome — when trying to log D3 selections, here is a fiddle with the same code): const lastPath = d3.select('svg>path:last-child').node(); console.log(lastPath) <script src="https://d3js.org/d3.v4.min.js"></script> <svg id="myCanvas" width="960" height="500"> <rect fill="#F2EDE4" width="100%" height="100%"></rect> <path fill="none" stroke="black" stroke-width="2" stroke-linejoin="round" stroke-linecap="round" d="M223.64999389648438,304.25L223.98332722981772,304.5833333333333C224.31666056315103,304.9166666666667,224.98332722981772,305.5833333333333,226.31666056315103,306.75C227.64999389648438,307.9166666666667,229.64999389648438,309.5833333333333,231.14999389648438,310.4166666666667C232.64999389648438,311.25,233.64999389648438,311.25,234.98332722981772,310.4166666666667C236.31666056315103,309.5833333333333,237.98332722981772,307.9166666666667,238.81666056315103,307.0833333333333L239.64999389648438,306.25"></path> <path></path> </svg>
This is what solved this problem for me. According to d3.selections docs, this is what you should do: var lastPath = d3.selectAll('svg>path').filter(':last-child');
GSAP / TimelineMax SVG Animation of 3D Bar (3 polygons)
I've created a 3D bar in illustrator (see codepen). Now I want to animate it with TweenMax (or TimelineMax) as if it's building up from the bottom to the top. This is the end result what I need to create: http://postimg.org/image/pg2drnvch/ I tried a couple of things to make this happen, but without any luck. Created a clipping-path and then try to change the Y coordinate of the 3 polygons (or wrapped them in a < g >< /g >) Tried to animate the points of the polygon (http://greensock.com...ing-attrplugin/) I hope someone can help me with this. Codepen URL: http://codepen.io/boldcolin/pen/rOPPgP <?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?> <svg version="1.1" id="bar_1_" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" x="0px" y="0px" width="140.5px" height="366.7px" viewBox="0 0 140.5 366.7" style="enable-background:new 0 0 140.5 366.7;" xml:space="preserve" > <style type="text/css"> .st0{clip-path:url(#SVGID_2_);fill:#8BBE3F;} .st1{clip-path:url(#SVGID_2_);fill:#81A83F;} .st2{clip-path:url(#SVGID_2_);fill:#A1C63C;} </style> <g> <defs> <polygon id="SVGID_1_" points="80.3,0 0,40.1 0,336.7 60.2,366.7 140.5,327.1 140.5,30.7 "/> </defs> <clipPath id="SVGID_2_"> <use xlink:href="#SVGID_1_" style="overflow:visible;"/> </clipPath> <polygon class="st0" points="140.7,169.4 0.2,178.9 0.2,350.2 60.4,380.1 140.7,340.6 "/> <polyline class="st1" points="60.4,380.1 60.4,205.9 0.2,178.9 0.2,350.2 "/> <polygon class="st2" points="0.2,178.9 80.5,138.7 140.7,169.4 60.4,209 "/> </g> This is an example: http://boldinteractive.nl/raet/bar/ Here I used a white layer on top of the bar which acts like a faux mask. But this is not how I want to make this work..
It's seems impossible to mask a polygon with a polygon and then animate the shape. I'm now using a path (in Illustrator use 'make compound path') and then use this as clipping mask.
Using animateMotion along with keyTimes/keyPoints
I am trying to use non-linear animation rate on an SVG <animateMotion> by using the keyTimes="…" and keyPoints="…" attributes. It does not appear to be working: the animation motion is as linear as can be. Here's the test file try it! <svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" xmlns:x="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" viewBox="0 0 300 200"> <style> path { stroke:#999 } circle { fill-opacity:0.5; stroke:black } </style> <path id="p" d="M30,160 L270,40" /> <circle id="c" r="5" /> <animateMotion x:href="#c" fill="freeze" dur="10s" keyTimes="0;0.1;1" keyPoints="0;0.9;1"> <mpath x:href="#p" /> </animateMotion> </svg> When working the ball should move 90% along the path in the first second, and move the final 10% in the remaining 9 seconds. What do I need to change to get this to work? I've found another example online that is working correctly, so that I know it's not my OS/browser/version at fault. (FWIW: Win7x64, Chrome30)
I found my mistake. Even though the default value for calcMode is linear—which is what I want—I didn't read far enough into the spec to see that it's a different default value for <animateMotion> elements. Adding an explicit calcMode="linear" fixes the problem.
The default calcmode Value for animate Motion is paced not linear; http://www.w3.org/TR/SVG/animate.html#AnimateMotionElement And, if calcmode = "paced" is specified, any ‘keyTimes’ or ‘keySplines’ will be ignored. http://www.w3.org/TR/SVG/animate.html#CalcModeAttribute; That is why you have not got the the desired output...
How can I make text orbit along a circular path using HTML5 Canvas?
There are a number of JavaScript snippets that will make text or graphics travel along a circular path with the letters or words always upright. Example: http://www.dseffects.com/f_scripts.html I want to have text (or graphics) orbit a point the way the moon orbits the Earth, with one face always toward the center. The following example shows this, but very crudely and not using web fonts. Example: http://javaboutique.internet.com/text/Manipulation/TextRotor/ I am sure there is a way to modify orbiting code like the first example (only not around the cursor) so that each letter/image keeps one side toward the center (axis).
SVG really is the way to go for this kind of thing. I just whipped this up really quick but at least it works as an example. The HTML part can vary a lot but this is one way. Put this into an html page: <iframe src="orbitingText.svg" width="100%" height="100%"></iframe> Then, create the orbitingText.svg file (it's just a text file with a .svg extension): <svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" width="100%" height="100%" viewBox="0 0 300 300"> <defs> <path id="textPath" d="M 150 75 a 75 75 0 1 0 0.00001 0"/> </defs> <circle cx="150" cy="150" r="40" stroke="blue" stroke-width="1"></circle> <text fill="red"> <textPath xlink:href="#textPath" startOffset="0"> <animate attributeName="startOffset" dur="7s" from="0" to="500" repeatCount="indefinite" /> Orbiting Text </textPath> </text> Oh, and if you are worried about cross-browser compatibility, check out this site: http://code.google.com/p/svgweb/