Unable to configure maven dependencies correctly - maven

Question

I have a web-app with following dependencies in pom:
<dependency>
<groupId>javax</groupId>
<artifactId>javaee-web-api</artifactId>
<version>6.0</version>
<scope>provided</scope>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>junit</groupId>
<artifactId>junit</artifactId>
<version>4.11</version>
<scope>test</scope>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.apache.derby</groupId>
<artifactId>derby</artifactId>
<version>10.9.1.0</version>
<scope>test</scope>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.hibernate</groupId>
<artifactId>hibernate-entitymanager</artifactId>
<version>4.1.9.Final</version>
<scope>test</scope>
</dependency>
With this configuration, I get following error in junit test:
java.lang.ClassFormatError: Absent Code attribute in method that is
not native or abstract in class file javax/persistence/Persistence
I found some info on this error here.
So, I removed 'javaee-web-api' dependency.
After that I get compilation error 'package javax.persistence does not exist', and many more.
So, I changed scope of 'hibernate-entitymanager' to default (compile).
The working pom (dependencies) look like this:
<dependency>
<groupId>junit</groupId>
<artifactId>junit</artifactId>
<version>4.11</version>
<scope>test</scope>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.apache.derby</groupId>
<artifactId>derby</artifactId>
<version>10.9.1.0</version>
<scope>test</scope>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.hibernate</groupId>
<artifactId>hibernate-entitymanager</artifactId>
<version>4.1.9.Final</version>
</dependency>
Now everything is OK, except generated war contains hibernate jar, which I do not want.
Any suggestion how to fix this, correct maven pom?

Answer 1

If you are working with an in application server, you can replace the hibernate dependency with a (still vendor specific) JPA API with provided scope like this ( example is for JBoss with hibernate):
<dependency>
<groupId>org.hibernate.javax.persistence</groupId>
<artifactId>hibernate-jpa-2.0-api</artifactId>
<scope>provided</scope>
</dependency>

Answer 2

Finally, I got this working, with same set of dependencies, using profiles.
Here is relevant section of pom:
<profiles>
<profile>
<id>test</id>
<dependencies>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.hibernate</groupId>
<artifactId>hibernate-entitymanager</artifactId>
<version>4.1.9.Final</version>
</dependency>
</dependencies>
</profile>
<profile>
<id>package</id>
<dependencies>
<dependency>
<groupId>javax</groupId>
<artifactId>javaee-web-api</artifactId>
<version>6.0</version>
<scope>provided</scope>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.hibernate</groupId>
<artifactId>hibernate-entitymanager</artifactId>
<version>4.1.9.Final</version>
<scope>test</scope>
</dependency>
</dependencies>
</profile>
</profiles>
<dependencies>
<dependency>
<groupId>junit</groupId>
<artifactId>junit</artifactId>
<version>4.11</version>
<scope>test</scope>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.apache.derby</groupId>
<artifactId>derby</artifactId>
<version>10.9.1.0</version>
<scope>test</scope>
</dependency>
</dependencies>
Now, I use following commands to package and test,
mvn -Ptest test
mvn -Ppackage package -DskipTests
-DskipTests is required, as, otherwise, package goal triggers 'test' causing the same error I started with, as it uses same set of dependencies configured for 'package'.
java.lang.ClassFormatError: Absent Code attribute in method that is
not native or abstract in class file javax/persistence/Persistence

Answer 3

I was having the same problem and was able to solve it by adding a couple of dependencies to the Maven pom.xml file. See this answer for more details.