Using oracle database and the table is like this
id sdate offer
1 16-04-13 offer1
2 11-04-13 offer2
3 21-04-13 offer4
4 31-03-13 offer5
5 14-04-13 offer8
6 10-04-13 offer4
7 15-04-13 offer1
I want to calculate weeks as w1 w2 and so on from the sysdate.
Example:
for id=1, sdate falls on 16-04-13 so it is week1.
for id=5, sdate falls on 14-04-13 so it is week2
The result should be like this
id week offer
1 w1 offer1
5 w2 offer8
.............
To treat today and the prior six days as "week 1", then the seven days before that as "week 2", and so forth, try something like this:
SELECT
id,
'w' || TO_CHAR(TRUNC((TRUNC(SYSDATE) - sdate) / 7) + 1) as week,
offer
FROM ... and so on
you also got a format for that.
from OTN
select to_char( date '2008-01-04', 'IW' ) from dual
I think that you could combine the functions TO_CHAR and DECODE, for example:
sql> select decode(to_char(sdate, 'W'),
'1', 'w1',
'2', 'w2',
'3', 'w3',
'4', 'w4',
'5', 'w5')
from table1;
One date minus another date gives their difference in days. Divide by seven to get difference in weeks. Use floor() to get rid of the remainder. Add 1 because you want to start at W1 not W0.
select id
, sdate
, 'W'||trim(to_char(floor((sysdate - sdate)/7) + 1)) as wkno
from your_table
/
Note that wkno comes out as 'W1', 'W2', ... 'W10' which won't sort numerically. There are various workarounds, somne more obvious than opthers, if that's something which botehrs you.
Related
I have two dates by which I am calculating no of years/months. For below 2 dates I am getting output as 0 as it should return 0.4 months.
Here is my query
select floor((months_between(to_date('2022-07-01T00:00:00+05:30'), to_date('2022-01-11T00:00:00+05:30', 'dd-mm-yy'))) /12)
from dual;
Please suggest what I am doing wrong here
The floor function:
returns the largest integer equal to or less than n
so there is no way it can return 0.4. The ceil function is the similar. Neither takes an argument allowing retention of decimal places. And you don't want to round it, as in your example that would give 0.5, not 0.4.
Fortunately you can use trunc, which does have a decimal-place argument:
The TRUNC (number) function returns n1 truncated to n2 decimal places.
So you want trunc(<difference between dates>, 1) to get retain 1 decimal place.
select trunc (
months_between(
CAST(TO_TIMESTAMP_TZ('2022-07-01T00:00:00+05:30','YYYY-MM-DD"T"HH24:MI:SSTZH:TZM') AS DATE),
CAST(TO_TIMESTAMP_TZ('2022-01-11T00:00:00+05:30','YYYY-MM-DD"T"HH24:MI:SSTZH:TZM') AS DATE)
) / 12
, 1
) as result
from dual;
.4
Here trunc behaves essentially as you would want floor(n1, n2) to if that existed; there is no equivalent for ceil, but you can work around that. The same method can be applied here too, but isn't needed; I've included it in this db<>fiddle for fun.
You want:
to use TO_TIMESTAMP_TZ and not TO_DATE
to use a format model that matches the timestamp format such as YYYY-MM-DD"T"HH24:MI:SSTZD
to use FLOOR before dividing by 12 if you want to find the number of full months.
select FLOOR(
MONTHS_BETWEEN(
to_timestamp_tz('2022-07-01T00:00:00+05:30', 'YYYY-MM-DD"T"HH24:MI:SSTZD'),
to_timestamp_tz('2022-01-11T00:00:00+05:30', 'YYYY-MM-DD"T"HH24:MI:SSTZD')
)
) / 12 AS full_months_diff
from dual;
Which outputs:
FULL_MONTHS_DIFF
.4166666666666666666666666666666666666667
Alternatively, you could use the difference between the timestamps as an INTERVAL YEAR TO MONTH data type:
select EXTRACT(
YEAR FROM
( to_timestamp_tz('2022-07-01T00:00:00+05:30', 'YYYY-MM-DD"T"HH24:MI:SSTZD')
- to_timestamp_tz('2022-01-11T00:00:00+05:30', 'YYYY-MM-DD"T"HH24:MI:SSTZD')
) YEAR TO MONTH
) AS years,
EXTRACT(
MONTH FROM
(to_timestamp_tz('2022-07-01T00:00:00+05:30', 'YYYY-MM-DD"T"HH24:MI:SSTZD')
- to_timestamp_tz('2022-01-11T00:00:00+05:30', 'YYYY-MM-DD"T"HH24:MI:SSTZD')
) YEAR TO MONTH
) AS months
from dual;
YEARS
MONTHS
0
6
Which rounds up the number of months.
db<>fiddle here
This question already has answers here:
Retrieve top n in each group of a DataFrame in pyspark
(6 answers)
Closed 6 years ago.
There have been a few questions like this, with no answer, like this one here.
I thought I would post another in hopes of getting one.
I have a hive table with duplicate rows. Consider the following example:
*ID Date value1 value2*
1001 20160101 alpha beta
1001 20160201 delta gamma
1001 20160115 rho omega
1002 20160101 able charlie
1002 20160101 able charlie
When complete, I only want two records. Specifically, these two:
*ID Date value1 value2*
1001 20160201 delta gamma
1002 20160101 able charlie
Why those two? For the ID=1001, I want the latest date and the data that is in that row with it. For the ID=1002, really the same answer, but the two records with that ID are complete duplicates, and I only want one.
So, any suggestions on how to do this? The simple "group by" using the ID and the 'max' date won't work, as that ignores the other columns. I cannot put 'max' on those, as it will pull the max columns from all the records (will pull 'rho' from an older record), which is not good.
I hope my explanation is clear, and I appreciate any insight.
Thank you
Try this:
WITH temp_cte AS (
SELECT mt.ID AS ID
, mt.Date AS Date
, mt.value1 AS value1
, mt.value2 AS value2
, ROW_NUMBER() OVER (PARTITION BY mt.ID ORDER BY mt.Date DESC) AS row_num
FROM my_table mt
)
SELECT tc.ID AS ID
, tc.Date AS Date
, tc.value1 AS value1
, tc.value2 AS value2
FROM temp_cte tc
WHERE tc.row_num = 1
;
Or you can do MAX() and join the table to itself where ID = ID and max_date = Date. HTH.
Edit March 2022:
Since ROW_NUMBER numbers every row and the user only cares about 1 row with the max date there's a better way to do this I discovered.
WITH temp_cte AS (
SELECT mt.ID AS ID
, MAX(NAMED_STRUCT('Date', mt.Date, 'Value1', mt.value1, 'Value2', mt.Value2)) AS my_struct
FROM my_table mt
GROUP BY mt.ID
)
SELECT tt.ID AS ID
, tt.my_struct.Date AS Date
, tt.my_struct.Value1 AS Value1
, tt.my_struct.Value2 AS Value2
FROM temp_cte tt
;
I am trying to set between a date range for 6 months in the past for two different fields that will group the data by month. How do I set such a between clause to achieve this?
SELECT TO_CHAR(mopend, 'MM-yyyy') AS month, MOPSTATUS, COUNT(*) MTS_COMPLETE_CNT
FROM MOPUSER.MOPACTIVITY
WHERE UPPER(MOPSTATUS) = 'COMPLETE'
AND TO_CHAR(MOPACTIVITY.MOPSTART, 'yyyy-mm-dd hh24:mi') BETWEEN TO_CHAR(sysdate,'YYYY-MM-DD')||' 06:02:00' AND TO_CHAR(sysdate,'YYYY-MM-DD')||' 22:59:59'
OR TO_CHAR(MOPACTIVITY.MOPEND, 'yyyy-mm-dd hh24:mi') BETWEEN TO_CHAR(SYSDATE,'YYYY-MM-DD')||' 06:02:00' AND TO_CHAR(SYSDATE,'YYYY-MM-DD')||' 22:59:59'
GROUP BY TO_CHAR(mopend, 'MM-yyyy'), MOPSTATUS
ORDER BY TO_CHAR(mopend, 'MM-yyyy'), MOPSTATUS
I will answer one part of your question first, and then based on your comments, I can give you the full query.
The following query returns the end points between which you want to search. T1 is 06:02 in the morning on the date that is six months back in time. T2 is the last second of today.
select sysdate
,add_months( trunc(sysdate) + interval '06:02' hour to minute, -6) as t1
, trunc(sysdate) + interval '23:59:59' hour to second as t2
from dual;
The above query returns the following (using yyyy-mm-dd hh24:mi:ss):
sydate: 2014-04-11 13:54:28
t1: 2013-10-11 06:02:00
t2: 2014-04-11 23:59:59
If I interpret you correctly, this is the time period you want to search?
For the second part of the answer, I'd need to know the following:
Can any of MOPSTART or MOPEND be null? If so, how do you want to treat those rows?
Do you want to include the end points, i.e. rows where MOPSTART >= t1? Or only where MOTSTART > t1?
Same as (2) but for MOPEND
What month do you want to group by (see below)?
For example, row (a), do you want count it once for each month, or only in JAN (started) or only in JUN(ended)?
JAN FEB MAR APR MAY JUN
a: |-------------------|
b: |---|---|
c: |---|
d: |-----------|
e: |--------|
In Oracle, is there a function that calculates the difference between two Dates? If not, is a way to display the difference between two dates in hours and minutes?
Query:
SELECT Round(max((EndDate - StartDate ) * 24), 2) as MaximumScheduleTime,
Round(min((EndDate - StartDate) * 24), 2) as MinimumScheduleTime,
Round(avg((EndDate - StartDate) * 24), 2) as AveragegScheduleTime
FROM table1
You can subtract two dates in Oracle. The result is a FLOAT which represents the number of days between the two dates. You can do simple arithmetic on the fractional part to calculate the hours, minutes and seconds.
Here's an example:
SELECT TO_DATE('2000/01/02:12:00:00PM', 'yyyy/mm/dd:hh:mi:ssam')-TO_DATE('2000/01/01:12:00:00AM', 'yyyy/mm/dd:hh:mi:ssam') DAYS FROM DUAL
Results in: 1.5
You can use these functions :
1) EXTRACT(element FROM temporal_value)
2) NUMTOYMINTERVAL (n, unit)
3) NUMTODSINTERVAL (n, unit).
For example :
SELECT EXTRACT(DAY FROM NUMTODSINTERVAL(end_time - start_time, 'DAY'))
|| ' days ' ||
EXTRACT(HOUR FROM NUMTODSINTERVAL(end_time - start_time, 'DAY'))
||':'||
EXTRACT(MINUTE FROM NUMTODSINTERVAL(end_time - start_time, 'DAY'))
||':'||
EXTRACT(SECOND FROM NUMTODSINTERVAL(end_time - start_time, 'DAY'))
"Lead Time"
FROM table;
With Oracle Dates, this is pretty
trivial, you can get either TOTAL
(days, hours, minutes, seconds)
between 2 dates simply by subtracting
them or with a little mod'ing you can
get Days/Hours/Minutes/Seconds
between.
http://asktom.oracle.com/tkyte/Misc/DateDiff.html
Also, from the above link:
If you really want 'datediff' in your
database, you can just do something
like this:
SQL> create or replace function datediff( p_what in varchar2,
2 p_d1 in date,
3 p_d2 in date ) return number
4 as
5 l_result number;
6 begin
7 select (p_d2-p_d1) *
8 decode( upper(p_what),
9 'SS', 24*60*60, 'MI', 24*60, 'HH', 24, NULL )
10 into l_result from dual;
11
11 return l_result;
12 end;
13 /
Function created
Q: In Oracle, is there a function that calculates the difference between two Dates?
Just subtract one date expression from another to get the difference expressed as a number of days. The integer portion is the number of whole days, the fractional portion is the fraction of a day. Simple arithmetic after that, multiply by 24 to get hours.
Q: If not, is a way to display the difference between two dates in hours and minutes?
It's just a matter of expressing the duration as whole hours and remainder minutes.
We can go "old school" to get durations in hhhh:mi format using a combination of simple builtin functions:
SELECT decode(sign(t.maxst),-1,'-','')||to_char(floor(abs(t.maxst)/60))||
decode(t.maxst,null,'',':')||to_char(mod(abs(t.maxst),60),'FM00')
as MaximumScheduleTime
, decode(sign(t.minst),-1,'-','')||to_char(floor(abs(t.minst)/60))||
decode(t.minst,null,'',':')||to_char(mod(abs(t.minst),60),'FM00')
as MinimumScheduleTime
, decode(sign(t.avgst),-1,'-','')||to_char(floor(abs(t.avgst)/60))
decode(t.avgst,null,'',':')||to_char(mod(abs(t.avgst),60),'FM00')
as AverageScheduleTime
FROM (
SELECT round(max((EndDate - StartDate) *1440),0) as maxst
, round(min((EndDate - StartDate) *1440),0) as minst
, round(avg((EndDate - StartDate) *1440),0) as avgst
FROM table1
) t
Yeah, it's fugly, but it's pretty fast. Here's a simpler case, that shows better what's going on:
select dur as "minutes"
, abs(dur) as "unsigned_minutes"
, floor(abs(dur)/60) as "unsigned_whole_hours"
, to_char(floor(abs(dur)/60)) as "hhhh"
, mod(abs(dur),60) as "unsigned_remainder_minutes"
, to_char(mod(abs(dur),60),'FM00') as "mi"
, decode(sign(dur),-1,'-','') as "leading_sign"
, decode(dur,null,'',':') as "colon_separator"
from (select round(( date_expr1 - date_expr2 )*24*60,0) as dur
from ...
)
(replace date_expr1 and date_expr2 with date expressions)
let's unpack this
date_expr1 - date_expr2 returns difference in number of days
multiply by 1440 (24*60) to get duration in minutes
round (or floor) to resolve fractional minutes into integer minutes
divide by 60, integer quotient is hours, remainder is minutes
abs function to get absolute value (change negative values to positive)
to_char format model FM00 give two digits (leading zeros)
use decode function to format a negative sign and a colon (if needed)
The SQL statement could be made less ugly using a PL/SQL function, one that takes two DATE arguments a duration in (fractional) days and returns formatted hhhh:mi
(untested)
create function hhhhmi(an_dur in number)
return varchar2 deterministic
is
begin
if an_dur is null then
return null;
end if;
return decode(sign(an_dur),-1,'-','')
|| to_char(floor(abs(an_dur)*24))
||':'||to_char(mod((abs(an_dur)*1440),60),'FM00');
end;
With the function defined:
SELECT hhhhmi(max(EndDate - StartDate)) as MaximumScheduleTime
, hhhhmi(min(EndDate - StartDate)) as MinimumScheduleTime
, hhhhmi(avg(EndDate - StartDate)) as AverageScheduleTime
FROM table1
You can use the months_between function to convert dates to the difference in years and then use between the decimal years you are interested:
CASE
WHEN ( ( MONTHS_BETWEEN( TO_DATE(date1, 'YYYYMMDD'),
TO_DATE(date1,'YYYYMMDD'))/12
)
BETWEEN Age1DecimalInYears AND Age2DecimalInYears
)
THEN 'It is between the two dates'
ELSE 'It is not between the two dates'
END;
You may need to change date format to match the a given date format and verify that 31 day months work for your specific scenarios.
References:
( found on www on 05/15/2015 )
1. Oracle/PLSQL: MONTHS_BETWEEN Function
2. Oracle Help Center - MONTHS_BETWEEN
Say I issue:
select date_field from table1;
date_field is like '25.11.2009'
I will try to change the positions of date fields with the month and vice versa. (of course for days > 12 some manipulations)
TO_DATE( MOD(SUBSTR(TO_CHAR(a.A_DATE, 'DD.MM.YYYY'), 4, 2), 12) || '.' ||
SUBSTR(TO_CHAR(a.A_DATE, 'DD.MM.YYYY'), 1, 2) ||
SUBSTR(TO_CHAR(a.A_DATE, 'DD.MM.YYYY'), 6, 4),
'DD.MM.YYYY')
THE THING IS THAT THE VALUE RETURNED FROM MOD() function is a number, i.e. for 01.07.2009 --> I get 1 for date, not '01' as expected. Later on I cannot get the date.
Is there a shortcut solution to my problem?
I suspect you need to seriously reconsider what you are trying to do.
I think what you started with is that you want to simply change the formatting of the date, e.g. change '25.11.2009' to '11.25.2009'.
If date_field is actually a DATE type, there is no inherent formatting stored in the field. It is a numeric value representing a specific date and time. It is formatted into text when you SELECT it in SQLPlus or some other tool, but that formatting is not stored in the table.
If you want to view the date in a particular format, you use the TO_CHAR function to force it. You can also set a default format model for a single session, a single client, or the whole database using NLS_DATE_FORMAT.
I used:
CASE MOD(SUBSTR(TO_CHAR(a.birthday, 'DD.MM.YYYY'), 1, 2), 12)
WHEN 1 THEN '01'
WHEN 2 THEN '02'
WHEN 3 THEN '03'
WHEN 4 THEN '04'
WHEN 5 THEN '05'
WHEN 6 THEN '06'
WHEN 7 THEN '07'
WHEN 8 THEN '08'
WHEN 9 THEN '09'
WHEN 10 THEN '10'
WHEN 11 THEN '11'
WHEN 12 THEN '12'
END
not very elegant but works :)
yli> "I am somehow anonymising the date, actually Hire Date of employees, to be used in a test environment."
So here was your actual requirement. If you want to change some dates, you don't need to use the date/string conversion functions (TO_CHAR/TO_DATE) at all. Oracle supports arithmetic operations on date values directly.
If you want to randomize your dates why not just use something like:
select date_field + dbms_random.value * 100 from table1;
Does this work?
TO_DATE(TO_CHAR(a.A_DATE, 'DD/MM/YYYY'), 'MM/DD/YYYY')
Have you tried TO_CHAR(<date>, '<format>')?