When we type current date in Excel cell as 08-May-2013
Right click on the cell and in the format when i click number as category i get a number
Date-08-May-13
Formatted one-41402.00
So is there anyway i can get the same number in sql
I tried using this.
select to_char(sysdate,'J') from dual
But the output is 2456421
I understand that this is a Julian value
But can anyone help me in getting the output as that i am getting on excel i.e; 41402
The Windows version of Excel stores dates as serial numbers. 01-Jan-1900 is 1, 02-Jan-1900 is 2, etc. The Mac version used to use a different starting date; I don't know whether that's still the case.
The essential data you need is in simple date arithmetic.
select current_date, current_date - date '1900-01-01'
from dual;
That returns 41400.67037037037 for my current connection. Rounding up and adding 1 for fenceposting would return the number you're looking for, but I'd want to test that with multiple time zones and such before I'd swear by it.
A date in Excel is stored as a serial number, with 01-JAN-1900 as 1. Citation.
We can do arithmetic with dates in Oracle, so converting to an Excel date from Oracle would be:
trunc(sysdate) - to_date( '1900-01-01', 'yyyy-mm-dd')
I've tested this and infuriatingly it produces 41401 - because it's going from midnight. So obviously Microsoft are using a ceiling function to raise it to the next integer:
ceil (sysdate - to_date( '1900-01-01', 'yyyy-mm-dd') )
Related
How to convert the difference of 2 dates with a timestamp to date with timestamp again, Oracle giving number but i want to compare timestamp.
select emp_date>to_date(sysdate,'yyyy-MM-dd HH24:MI:SS')-todate('2021-03-22 10:20:12') from emp;
above query giving error: expected date but got NUMBER.
Thanks in advance
What you are saying makes no sense. Difference of two DATE datatype values is number of days between them. For example
SQL> select sysdate - to_date('21.03.2021 13:12', 'dd.mm.yyyy hh24:mi') diff from dual;
DIFF
----------
,943217593
SQL>
You CAN convert it to a prettier format (days, hours, minutes, seconds), but it is still a NUMBER, it is not a date.
Therefore, you can't compare EMP_DATE (which is a DATE datatype column, isn't it?) to a number as it just doesn't make sense.
Is 22nd of March 2021 larger or smaller than 0.94? It's neither.
[TL;DR] You cannot as your data types do not match and it does not make sense to compare a date/time value to an interval.
If you do:
date_value1 - date_value2
You will get a NUMBER data type representing the number of (fractional) days between the two date values.
You can explicitly cast the subtraction operation to get an INTERVAL DAY TO SECOND data type using:
(date_value1 - date_value2) DAY TO SECOND
So, for your code that would be:
SELECT emp_date > ( sysdate - TO_DATE( '2021-03-22 10:20:12', 'YYYY-MM-DD HH24:MI:SS' ) ) DAY TO SECOND
FROM emp;
However, that will fail as you cannot compare a DATE to an INTERVAL DAY TO SECOND and SQL does not have a boolean data type so > does not make sense.
To fix that later point you could use a CASE expression but the difference in data types is a show-stopper as you can't compare a date to an interval.
but i want to compare timestamp.
You don't have a TIMESTAMP data type, you have either a number (representing an interval in days) or an INTERVAL data type. If you want to convert it back to a DATE or TIMESTAMP then you need to add your interval to an epoch value.
We use a third-party software that uses DevExpress for building reports. Normally on Oracle - I can get the difference in dates with ease by simply subtracting them:
TRUNC(sysdate) - TRUNC(a.birth_date) AS datediff
I used the same logic from within DevExpress:
CAST(CAST(CURRENT_DATE AS VARCHAR(9)) AS DATE) - CAST(CAST(a.birth_date AS VARCHAR(9)) AS DATE) AS datediff
But doing so gives me this error message:
Invalid cast from 'Decimal' to 'DateTime'. Couldn't store <35> in DATEDIFF Column.
Expected type is DateTime.
How do I fix this?
Notes:
There's a lot of casting going on here but that's just a work-around because TRUNC doesn't work so I'm basically just casting to a VARCHAR essentially removing the time portion and casting it back to a DATE field.
CURRENT_DATE is the equivalent of SYSDATE in the world of DevExpress.
Looks like the simplest solution is to cast the result to decimal.
CAST(CAST(CAST(CURRENT_DATE AS VARCHAR(9)) AS DATE) - CAST(CAST(a.birth_date AS VARCHAR(9)) AS DATE) AS DECIMAL) AS datediff
My source is from Oracle and the col1 is varchar2(26) but the value looks like YYYY-MM-DD-hh:mi:ss:ff (Sample rec: 2014-08-15-02.03.34.979946).
I have to extract only 6 months records based on COL1. Since there is a hypen between date part and time part - i could not consider as timestamp. Is there any idea how to have this as timestamp to lookup only 6 months data.
If it is possible at all, fix the data first. Storing timestamps in string data type is terrible. How do you know you don't have a time like 25:30:00 in the strings? Or a date like February 30? Besides, you can't really use an index on that column (so queries will be very slow), you will have to write a lot of code whenever referencing that column, etc.
Anyway - to deal with the immediate problem, use TO_TIMESTAMP(), exactly with the format model you show in your post - including the dash between the date part and the time part. Something like this:
select case when to_timestamp('2014-08-15-02.03.34.979946', 'YYYY-MM-DD-HH24:MI:SS.FF')
>= systimestamp - interval '6' month
then 'TRUE' else 'FALSE' end
as result
from dual;
RESULT
------
FALSE
EDIT: As Alex Poole points out (correctly as always) in a Comment below this Answer, interval arithmetic won't work correctly in all cases. It is better, than, to use something like
cast ( timestamp (...., format-model) as date ) <= add_months (sysdate, -6).
Maybe something like this will do:
select *
from your_table
where to_date(substr(col1,1,19),'yyyy-mm-dd-HH24.MI.SS') between add_months(sysdate,-6) and sysdate;
Assuming all the data format in col1 is always the same.
Also note that I used HH24 for hour segment, however could be not your case.
You can include the dash in your format model, as #mathguy showed, to convert your string to a timestamp:
select to_timestamp('2014-08-15-02.03.34.979946', 'YYYY-MM-DD-HH24:MI:SS.FF') from dual;
TO_TIMESTAMP('2014-08-15-02.
----------------------------
15-AUG-14 02.03.34.979946000
although unless you explicitly tell it not to be via the FX modifier, Oracle is flexible enough to allow a dash even if the model has a space (see the text below this table in the documentation:
select to_timestamp('2014-08-15-02.03.34.979946', 'YYYY-MM-DD HH24:MI:SS.FF') from dual;
TO_TIMESTAMP('2014-08-15-02.
----------------------------
15-AUG-14 02.03.34.979946000
However, converting all of the values in your col1 column and then comparing them may be a lot of work, and will prevent any index on that string column being used. Given the format, you can convert your date range to string instead, and use string comparison; e.g. to find everything in the six months up to midnight this morning:
select col1 -- or whichever columns you need
from your_table
where col1 >= to_char(cast(add_months(trunc(sysdate), -6) as timestamp), 'YYYY-MM-DD-HH24:MI:SS.FF6')
and col1 < to_char(cast(trunc(sysdate) as timestamp), 'YYYY-MM-DD-HH24:MI:SS.FF6');
or since the time part can be fixed for that example, you can use character literals instead of casting:
select col1 -- or whichever columns you need
from your_table
where col1 >= to_char(add_months(sysdate, -6), 'YYYY-MM-DD"-00:00:00.000000"')
and col1 < to_char(sysdate, 'YYYY-MM-DD"-00:00:00.000000"');
Of course, storing data in the correct native data type would be a much better solution. Any other solution only works at all if your string data actually contains what you think, and the data is all sane (or as sane as it can be in the wrong data type).
Am at the end of my tether so hoping someone can help me! I'm really new to Oracle, but do have a SQL background which is why I'm finding this so frustrating!
We have a system that runs Oracle at the back end. I've got very limited access to the system and can only write select queries.
I've written a query that gets the data I want but the date format is coming out as mm dd yyyy what I need is dd/mm/yyyy
I ran SELECT sysdate FROM dual and that come back as:
SYSDATE
03 11 2015
So my select statement reads (action_date is the column in question)
Select username, action_date from adminview
I've tried everything I can think of to change the date format including:
to_date(action_date,'dd/mm/yyyy')
to_date(action_date,'dd/mm/yyyy','nls_language=English')
to_date(to_date(action_date,'mm dd yyyy'),'dd/mm/yyyy')
I've also tried to_char along the same lines.
If you want to format a DATE value, use TO_CHAR():
SELECT username, TO_CHAR(action_date, 'DD/MM/YYYY') AS action_date
FROM adminview;
If it's not a DATE value, then you'll want to convert it to a DATE (based on what it currently looks like), then use TO_CHAR() to format.
I'm using this sql query:
select sysdate, sysdate - INTERVAL '6' month from dual;
But it is return: ORA-01839: date not valid for month specified.
Which is weird, because if I change the the number into 9, it is return the date (sysdate = 31/05/11 and the subtracted is 31/08/10). I'm also tried using different value: 1,3,6,8,11 also not working, but 2,4,5,7,9,12 are working.
From the numbers, I think it is because the resulting quert doesn't have 31 days for that month. Is this the expected behavior? Because in MySQL, I can use the query (select now() - Interval 6 Month;) to get the correct value. Is there any other way?
I am using Oracle 11.1.0.6
It is the expected behaviour; see the sixth bullet in the datetime/interval arithmetic section of the documentation.
As Lisa says you can use add_months, which has the opposite behaviour - which can also cause confusion sometimes. You need to decide which is most suitable for you.
select sysdate,add_months(sysdate,-6) from dual;