Avoid edge intersection in graphviz - graphviz

Suppose we have the following simple graph:
digraph Test {
Start[shape = doublecircle];
Foo[shape = square];
Bar[shape = diamond];
Baz[shape = square];
Xyz[shape = square];
Start -> Foo;
Foo:s -> Bar:n;
Bar:w -> Baz:n;
Bar:e -> Xyz:n;
Baz:s -> Foo:n;
}
Which is rendered as follows:
Is there a way to tell graphviz to draw edge Baz -> Foo without intersections with Foo -> Bar nor Bar -> Baz?

when it comes to graphviz layout, the best you can do is trying as much as possible to not interfere :)
taking out compass_pt from your file:
digraph Test {
Start[shape = doublecircle];
Foo[shape = square];
Bar[shape = diamond];
Baz[shape = square];
Xyz[shape = square];
Start -> Foo;
Foo -> Bar;
Bar -> Baz;
Bar -> Xyz;
Baz -> Foo;
}
and you get:

Adding an invisible node should do the trick:
digraph Test {
Start[shape = doublecircle];
Foo[shape = square];
Bar[shape = diamond];
Baz[shape = square];
Xyz[shape = square];
// "invisible" node to connect baz to foo
BazToFoo [shape=none, label="", height=0, width=0]
Start -> Foo;
Foo:s -> Bar:n;
Bar:w -> Baz:n;
Bar:e -> Xyz:n;
Baz:s -> BazToFoo [dir=none] // remove the arrowhead
BazToFoo -> Foo:n;
}

While I agree with Guy's answer to keep it simple, here's an alternative approach with some changes to eliminate the edge crossings.
digraph Test {
Start[shape = doublecircle, group=a];
Foo[shape = square, group=a];
Bar[shape = diamond, group=a];
Xyz[shape = square];
Baz[shape = square];
Start -> Foo;
Foo:s -> Bar:n;
Bar:e -> Baz:n;
Bar:w -> Xyz:n;
Baz:s -> Foo:n[constraint=false];
}
I found that graphviz's layout doesn't easily route edges back up along the outer left side of a graph. Probably the way the layout algorithm works, allowing the graph to expand to the right and bottom only.
That's why I switched the positions of the bottom nodes, having the node with the returning edge at the right side.

Related

Arranging subclusters with rank

I have this graph:
digraph G{
rankdir = TB;
hyb[label="Hybrid calculation"];
k1[label=<k<SUB>1</SUB>>];
k2[label=<k<SUB>2</SUB>>];
kn[label=<k<SUB>n</SUB>>];
// subgraph cluster_k1q {
k1q1[label=<q<SUB>1</SUB>>];
k1q2[label=<q<SUB>2</SUB>>];
k1qn[label=<q<SUB>n</SUB>>];
graph[style=dotted];
{rank=same; k1q1;k1q2;k1qn}
// }
// subgraph cluster_k2q {
k2q1[label=<q<SUB>1</SUB>>];
k2q2[label=<q<SUB>2</SUB>>];
k2qm[label=<q<SUB>m</SUB>>];
graph[style=dotted];
{rank=same; k2q1;k2q2;k2qm}
// }
// subgraph cluster_knq {
knq1[label=<q<SUB>1</SUB>>];
knq2[label=<q<SUB>2</SUB>>];
knql[label=<q<SUB>l</SUB>>];
graph[style=dotted];
{rank=same; knq1;knq2;knql}
// }
hyb -> k1;
hyb -> k2;
hyb -> kn;
k1 -> k1q1;
k1 -> k1q2;
k1 -> k1qn;
k2 -> k2q1;
k2 -> k2q2;
k2 -> k2qm;
kn -> knq1;
kn -> knq2;
kn -> knql;
bands1 -> k1q2;
bands1 -> k2qm;
bands1 -> knq1
bands2 -> k1qn;
bands2 -> knq1;
bands3 -> knql;
bands3 -> k1q1;
{edge[ style=invis];
k1->k2->kn;
k1q1->k1q2->k1qn->k2q1->k2q2->k2qm->knq1->knq2->knql;
}
{ rank=min; hyb}
{ rank=same; k1;k2;kn}
{ rank=same; k1q1;k1q2;k1qn;k2q1;k2q1;k2qm;knq1;knq2;knql}
{ rank=max; bands1;bands2;bands3}
}
Resulting in this graph:
All the ks are on one level, all the qs are one level and so are the bands. Then I would like to draw some boxes around the qs using clusters. So if I uncomment the subgraph in above code I have to comment this line:
{ rank=same; k1q1;k1q2;k1qn;k2q1;k2q1;k2qm;knq1;knq2;knql}
and I get:
Here the bands get thrown in same level with the qs. How can I get the levels from the top graph with the nice boxes from the bottom graph?
add this: newrank=true
See: https://graphviz.org/docs/attrs/newrank/
(you could also probably accomplish it by changing the direction of the bandX->qY edges, like so: k1q2->bands1 [dir=back])

Alignment issue with two clusters using Graphviz and Dot

I'm trying to get the following dot file to output two subgraphs. I want the bLoop node in cluster0 to align with the ISR struct in cluster 2. I'm using an invisible node to do this now, but with the unintended consequence of lot of gray space left in cluster0.
Is there a way to do what I want without the invisible node?
I can't post images yet, so here's the link.
digraph G {
ranksep=.75;
nodesep = 1.5;
node [shape = none]
node[fontsize=16,fixedsize=false,width=0.7,shape=rectangle];
edge[fontsize=16];
ratio=fill;
splines=false;
compound=true;
subgraph cluster0 {
node [style=filled];
style=filled;
color=lightgrey;
label = "Setup and Background Loop";
a0[label = "Peripheral Configs"];
a1[label = "Solar Library Block Configs"];
a2[label = "Enable Interrupts"];
bgLoop[label = "Start Background Loop"];
e0[shape=rectangle, style=invis, fixedsize=true, width=.01];
a0 -> a1 -> a2 -> bgLoop;
bgLoop ->e0[style=invis]
}
subgraph cluster1 {
node [style=filled, shape = "doublecircle"];
start
style="invis"
}
subgraph cluster2 {
node [shape=record,color=white];
style=filled;
color=lightgrey;
label = "ISRs";
struct1 [shape = record, color=white, label="{<f1> Slow ISR | <f2> Fast ISR }"];
}
concentrate = true;
struct1 -> bgLoop[lhead=cluster0, ltail=cluster4, constraint=true];
bgLoop -> struct1[lhead=cluster4, ltail=cluster0, constraint=true];
struct1 -> e0[style=invis, constraint=true];
start -> a0[lhead=cluster0];
}
you need helper nodes to get the correct rank for struct1.
digraph G {
ranksep=.75;
nodesep = 1.5;
node[fontsize=16,fixedsize=false,width=0.7,shape=rectangle];
edge[fontsize=16];
compound=true
subgraph cluster2 { rank="max"
node [shape=record,color=white];
style=filled;
color=lightgrey;
label = "ISRs";
struct1 [shape = record, color=white, label="{<f1> Slow ISR | <f2> Fast ISR }"];
}
subgraph cluster0 {
node [style=filled];
style=filled;
color=lightgrey;
label = "Setup and Background Loop";
a0[label = "Peripheral Configs"];
a1[label = "Solar Library Block Configs"];
a2[label = "Enable Interrupts"];
bgLoop[label = "Start Background Loop"];
a0 -> a1 -> a2 -> bgLoop;
}
subgraph cluster1 {
node [style=filled, shape = "doublecircle"];
start
style="invis"
}
{node [style=invis]; 0; 1; 2; 3; }
{edge [style=invis]; 0->1->2->3->struct1; }
struct1 -> bgLoop[lhead=cluster0, ltail=cluster2, constraint=false];
bgLoop -> struct1[lhead=cluster2, ltail=cluster0, constraint=false];
start -> a0[lhead=cluster0];
}

Graphviz - Box positioning Problem

My structure has two main chains with side nodes in sub graphs. Every thing looks nice but when i close the two chains all the boxes in the sub graphs jumps to the right side.
At the end of my code you can remove the "I"->"J" then you can see the best what I mean.
I am not a native English speaker, sorry about my English and I am a graphviz newbie.
digraph G {
size ="6,6";
node [color=black fontsize=12, shape=box, fontname=Helvetica];
subgraph {
rank = same;
"b"->"B"[arrowhead=none];
}
subgraph {
rank=same;
"c"->"C"[arrowhead=none];
}
subgraph {
rank=same;
"e"->"E" [arrowhead=none];
}
subgraph {
rank = same;
"f"->"F"[arrowhead=none];
}
subgraph {
rank = same;
"g"->"G"[arrowhead=none];
}
"0" -> "A" -> "B" -> "C"->"D" -> "E" -> "F" -> "G" -> "H"->"I";
"0" -> "K"->"L"->"M"->"N"->"O" ->"P"->"1";
subgraph {
rank = same;
"L"->"l"[arrowhead=none];
}
subgraph {
rank=same;
"M"->"m"[arrowhead=none];
}
subgraph {
rank=same;
"N"->"n" [arrowhead=none];
}
subgraph {
rank = same;
"O"->"o"[arrowhead=none];
}
subgraph {
rank = same;
"P"->"p"[arrowhead=none];
}
"1"->"J";
"I"->"J";
}
and with "I"->"J"; removed:
This is how I'd go about it: Create a cluster for each main chain with its side nodes:
digraph G {
size ="6,6";
node [color=black fontsize=12, shape=box, fontname=Helvetica];
subgraph[style=invis];
subgraph cluster0 {
A -> B -> C -> D -> E -> F -> G -> H -> I;
edge[arrowhead=none];
{rank = same; b->B;}
{rank = same; c->C;}
{rank = same; e->E;}
{rank = same; f->F;}
{rank = same; g->G;}
}
subgraph cluster1 {
K -> L -> M -> N -> O -> P -> 1 -> J;
edge[arrowhead=none];
{rank = same; L->l;}
{rank = same; M->m;}
{rank = same; N->n;}
{rank = same; O->o;}
{rank = same; P->p;}
}
0 -> A;
0 -> K;
I -> J;
}
Resulting in:

Graphviz: how to set 'default' arrow style?

Consider this dot language code:
digraph graphname {
subgraph clusterA {
node [shape=plaintext,style=filled];
1 -> 2 [arrowhead=normal,arrowtail=dot];
2 -> 3 -> X2 -> 5;
6;
7;
label = "A";
color=blue
}
}
In the above example, only the 1 -> 2 connection will have the arrowhead=normal,arrowtail=dot style applied; all the other arrows will be of the "default" style.
My question is - how do I set the arrow style (for the entire subgraph - or for the entire graph), without having to copy paste "[arrowhead=normal,arrowtail=dot];" next to each edge connection?
EDIT: Just for reference - the answer from Jesse didn't contain any code; I wrote that snippet and had it in this space here - for unknown reasons, a moderator cut it off from here and pasted it into Jesse's answer.
Use the edge attribute statement, as stated in the DOT Language documentation.
digraph graphname {
subgraph clusterA {
node [shape=plaintext,style=filled];
edge [arrowhead=normal,arrowtail=dot];
1 -> 2 ;
2 -> 3 -> X2 -> 5;
6;
7;
label = "A";
color=blue
}
}
Just like you did for nodes, but using edge, e.g. edge[style=dashed]

subgraph cluster ranking in dot

I'm trying to use graphviz on media wiki as a documentation tool for software.
First, I documented some class relationships which worked well. Everything was ranked vertically as expected.
But, then, some of our modules are dlls, which I wanted to seperate into a box. When I added the nodes to a cluster, they got edged, but clusters seem to have a LR ranking rule. Or being added to a cluster broke the TB ranking of the nodes as the cluster now appears on the side of the graph.
This graph represents what I am trying to do: at the moment, cluster1 and cluster2 appear to the right of cluster0.
I want/need them to appear below.
<graphviz>
digraph d {
subgraph cluster0 {
A -> {B1 B2}
B2 -> {C1 C2 C3}
C1 -> D;
}
subgraph cluster1 {
C2 -> dll1_A;
dll1_A -> B1;
}
subgraph cluster2 {
C3 -> dll2_A;
}
dll1_A -> dll2_A;
}
</graphviz>
The layout is an attempt by Dot to minimise the overall height.
One reason for the more compact than required layout is the use of the edge that goes in the reverse direction from dll1_a to B1. It tries to pull the cluster as close back to the destination node as possible. To avoid this edge affecting the graph, either relax the constraint on the upwards edges as shown, or draw the edge in the forward direction and use the dir attribute to reverse the arrow.
This will help with many layouts but it alone is not sufficient to fix the example given. To prevent Dot from maintaining the compact layout it prefers you can add a minlen attribute to edges that should remain (near) vertical. This may be difficult to calculate in general but is practical for manually tuned layouts.
digraph d {
subgraph cluster0 {
A -> {B1 B2}
B2 -> {C1 C2 C3}
C1 -> D;
}
subgraph cluster1 {
C2 -> dll1_A [minlen = 2];
dll1_A -> B1 [constraint = false];
/* B1 -> dll1_A [dir = back]; */
}
subgraph cluster2 {
C3 -> dll2_A;
}
dll1_A -> dll2_A;
}
My experience shows that constraint=false commonly gives unnecessarily convoluted edges. It seems that weight=0 gives better results:
digraph d {
subgraph cluster0 {
A -> {B1 B2}
B2 -> {C1 C2 C3}
C1 -> D;
}
subgraph cluster1 {
C2 -> dll1_A [minlen = 2];
dll1_A -> B1 [weight = 0];
/* B1 -> dll1_A [dir = back]; */
}
subgraph cluster2 {
C3 -> dll2_A;
}
dll1_A -> dll2_A;
}
This will produce the graph you are looking for:
digraph d {
subgraph cluster0 {
A -> {B1 B2}
B2 -> {C1 C2 C3}
C1 -> D;
}
subgraph {
rankdir="TB"
subgraph cluster1 {
C2 -> dll1_A;
dll1_A -> B1;
}
subgraph cluster2 {
C3 -> dll2_A;
}
}
dll1_A -> dll2_A;
}
What this does is creat a subgraph that is used only for layout purposes to provide the top to bottom ordering that you desire.

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