How to search each line in first file against a specific column in a second comma separated file so that whole line in the first file matches the whole column in the second file.
grep -Ff file1 file2, will search the entire line in the second file, but i want to search on a specific column.
Eg.
file1.txt
20
300
file2.txt
200,10
220,2
300,5
I want the result to only match 300,5 and not the first 2 rows.
$ awk -F, 'NR==FNR{a[$1]; next} $1 in a' file{1,2}
there are many answers already on this site with explanation of how this works, please refer to them.
I have two files file1 and file2. I want to print the new line added to file2 using diff.
file1
/root/a
/root/b
/root/c
/root/d
file2
/root/new
/root/new_new
/root/a
/root/b
/root/c
/root/d
Expected output
/root/new
/root/new_new
I looked into man page but there was no any info on this
If you don't need to preserve the order, you could use the comm command like:
comm -13 <(sort file1) <(sort file2)
comm compares 2 sorted files and will print 3 columns of output. First is the lines unique to file1, then lines unique to file2 then lines common to both. You can supress any columns, so we turn of 1 and 3 in this example with -13 so we will see only lines unique to the second file.
or you could use grep:
grep -wvFf file1 file2
Here we use -f to have grep get its patterns from file1. We then tell it to treat them as fixed strings with -F instead of as patterns, match whole words with -w, and print only lines with no matches with -v
Following awk may help you on same. This will tell you all those lines which are present in Input_file2 and not in Input_file1.
awk 'FNR==NR{a[$0];next} !($0 in a)' Input_file1 Input_file2
Try using a combination of diff and sed.
The raw diff output is:
$ diff file1 file2
0a1,2
> /root/new
> /root/new_new
Add sed to strip out everything but the lines beginning with ">":
$ diff file1 file2 | sed -n -e 's/^> //p'
/root/new
/root/new_new
This preserves the order. Note that it also assumes you are only adding lines to the second file.
I have 2 file
file1:
12342015010198765hello
12342015010188765hello
12342015010178765hello
whose each line contains fields at fixed positions, for example, position 13 - 17 is for account_id
file2:
98765
88765
which contains a list of account_ids.
In Korn Shell, I want to print lines from file1 whose position 13 - 17 match one of account_id in file2.
I can't do
grep -f file2 file1
because account_id in file2 can match other fields at other positions.
I have tried using pattern in file2:
^.{12}98765.*
but did not work.
Using awk
$ awk 'NR==FNR{a[$1]=1;next;} substr($0,13,5) in a' file2 file1
12342015010198765hello
12342015010188765hello
How it works
NR==FNR{a[$1]=1;next;}
FNR is the number of lines read so far from the current file and NR is the total number of lines read so far. Thus, if FNR==NR, we are reading the first file which is file2.
Each ID in in file2 is saved in array a. Then, we skip the rest of the commands and jump to the next line.
substr($0,13,5) in a
If we reach this command, we are working on the second file, file1.
This condition is true if the 5 character long substring that starts at position 13 is in array a. If the condition is true, then awk performs the default action which is to print the line.
Using grep
You mentioned trying
grep '^.{12}98765.*' file2
That uses extended regex syntax which means that -E is required. Also, there is no value in matching .* at the end: it will always match. Thus, try:
$ grep -E '^.{12}98765' file1
12342015010198765hello
To get both lines:
$ grep -E '^.{12}[89]8765' file1
12342015010198765hello
12342015010188765hello
This works because [89]8765 just happens to match the IDs of interest in file2. The awk solution, of course, provides more flexibility in what IDs to match.
Using sed with extended regex:
sed -r 's#.*#/^.{12}&/p#' file2 |sed -nr -f- file1
Using Basic regex:
sed 's#.*#/^.\\{12\\}&/p#' file1 |sed -n -f- file
Explanation:
sed -r 's#.*#/^.{12}&/p#' file2
will generate an output:
/.{12}98765/p
/.{12}88765/p
which is then used as a sed script for the next sed after pipe, which outputs:
12342015010198765hello
12342015010188765hello
Using Grep
The most convenient is to put each alternative in a separate line of the file.
You can look at this question:
grep multiple patterns single file argument list too long
I have a file (file1.txt) with text as:
aaa,,,,,
aaa,10001781,,,,
aaa,10001782,,,,
bbb,10001783,,,,
My file2 contents are:
11111111
10001781
11111222
I need to search second field of file1 in file2 and delete the line from file1 if pattern is matching.So output will be:
aaa,,,,,
aaa,10001782,,,,
bbb,10001783,,,,
Can I use grep and cut commands for this?
This prints lines from file1.txt only if the second field is not in file2:
$ awk -F, 'FNR==NR{a[$1]=1; next;} !a[$2]' file2 file1.txt
aaa,,,,,
aaa,10001782,,,,
bbb,10001783,,,,
How it works
This works by reading file2 and keeping track of all lines seen in an associative array a. Then, lines in file1.txt are printed only if its column 2 is not in a. In more detail:
FNR==NR{a[$1]=1; next;}
When reading file2, set a[$1] to 1 to signal that we have seen the value on this line. We then instruct awk to skip the rest of the commands and start over on the next line.
This section is only run for file2 because file2 is listed first on the command line and FNR==NR only when we are reading the first file listed on the command line. This is because FNR is the number of lines read from the current file and NR is the total number of lines read so far. These two are equal only for the first file.
!a[$2]
When reading file1.txt, a[$2] evaluates to true if column 2 was seen in file2. Since ! is negation, !a[$2] evaluates to true when column 2 was not seen. When this evaluates to true, the line is printed.
Alternative
This is the same logic, expressed in a slightly different style, as suggested in the comments by Tom Fenech:
$ awk -F, 'FNR==NR{a[$1]; next;} !($2 in a)' file2 file1.txt
aaa,,,,,
aaa,10001782,,,,
bbb,10001783,,,,
Soulution with grep
$ grep -vf file2 file1.txt
aaa,,,,,
aaa,10001782,,,,
bbb,10001783,,,,
John1024's awk soulution would be faster for large files though.
I am currently struggling with the task to compare two files. Both files have values which have differences and new lines. Example:
file1:
Germany=Munich
Swiss=Bern
Austria=Wien
Italy=Rom
file2:
Germany=Berlin
Swiss=Bern
Italy=Rom
The result of my action should be the following:
outputfile:
Austria=Wien
How can I achieve to get only lines to my output file which are not already in file2? I am not interested in differences of lines. Just a complete line which is missing.
I already experimented with diff and sdiff but without the desired results.
thanks
This should work:
awk -F= 'NR==FNR{a[$1]=$0;next}!($1 in a)' file2 file1
Austria=Wien
We read entire file2 first indexed at countries. We check if the country is not present in our file1 and print it. This won't give you results of lines which are in file2 but not in file1, but can be adjusted to give you that as well. I am not sure if that is your requirement. If it is then please update your question to reflect all your use-cases for more complete answer.
If you don't care about ordering, you can sort the files and then use join:
sort file1 > file1.srt
sort file2 > file2.srt
join -t'=' -v1 file1.srt file2.srt
The flags for join specify to use the equals sign as the field separator, include unpairable lines from file1.srt while suppressing the pairable lines from file1.srt.
This might work for you (GNU sed):
sed -r 's#([^=]*=).*#/^\1/d#' file2 | sed -f - file1
Use file2 as the basis for a sed script and run this sed script against file1