I am trying to print all the lines from a file before the first match. I have the same entries again in the file, but I don't need that lines. Tried
awk "{print} /${pattern}/ {exit}" and sed "/$pattern/q" (my serach is based on a variable). But both these commands are printing all the line before the last match
ex: my file is like
abc
bcd
def
xyz
def
lmno
def
xvd
when my pattern is 'def', i just need abc and bcd . but the above commands are printing, all the lines before the last 'def'. could you please provide some idea
This should work:
awk '!'"/${pattern}/{print} /${pattern}/ {exit}" input_file.txt
Related
Suppose I have text as:
This is a sample text.
I have 2 sentences.
text is present there.
I need to replace whole text between two 'text' words. The required solution should be
This is a sample text.
I have new sentences.
text is present there.
I tried using the below command but its not working:
sed -i 's/text.*?text/text\
\nI have new sentence/g' file.txt
With your shown samples please try following. sed doesn't support lazy matching in regex. With awk's RS you could do the substitution with your shown samples only. You need to create variable val which has new value in it. Then in awk performing simple substitution operation will so the rest to get your expected output.
awk -v val="your_new_line_Value" -v RS="" '
{
sub(/text\.\n*[^\n]*\n*text/,"text.\n"val"\ntext")
}
1
' Input_file
Above code will print output on terminal, once you are Happy with results of above and want to save output into Input_file itself then try following code.
awk -v val="your_new_line_Value" -v RS="" '
{
sub(/text\.\n*[^\n]*\n*text/,"text.\n"val"\ntext")
}
1
' Input_file > temp && mv temp Input_file
You have already solved your problem using awk, but in case anyone else will be looking for a sed solution in the future, here's a sed script that does what you needed. Granted, the script is using some advanced sed features, but that's the fun part of it :)
replace.sed
#!/usr/bin/env sed -nEf
# This pattern determines the start marker for the range of lines where we
# want to perform the substitution. In our case the pattern is any line that
# ends with "text." — the `$` symbol meaning end-of-line.
/text\.$/ {
# [p]rint the start-marker line.
p
# Next, we'll read lines (using `n`) in a loop, so mark this point in
# the script as the beginning of the loop using a label called `loop`.
:loop
# Read the next line.
n
# If the last read line doesn't match the pattern for the end marker,
# just continue looping by [b]ranching to the `:loop` label.
/^text/! {
b loop
}
# If the last read line matches the end marker pattern, then just insert
# the text we want and print the last read line. The net effect is that
# all the previous read lines will be replaced by the inserted text.
/^text/ {
# Insert the replacement text
i\
I have a new sentence.
# [print] the end-marker line
p
}
# Exit the script, so that we don't hit the [p]rint command below.
b
}
# Print all other lines.
p
Usage
$ cat lines.txt
foo
This is a sample text.
I have many sentences.
I have many sentences.
I have many sentences.
I have many sentences.
text is present there.
bar
$
$ ./replace.sed lines.txt
foo
This is a sample text.
I have a new sentence.
text is present there.
bar
Substitue
sed -i 's/I have 2 sentences./I have new sentences./g'
sed -i 's/[A-Z]\s[a-z].*/I have new sentences./g'
Insert
sed -i -e '2iI have new sentences.' -e '2d'
I need to replace whole text between two 'text' words.
If I understand, first text. (with a dot) is at the end of first line and second text at the beginning of third line. With awk you can get the required solution adding values to var s:
awk -v s='\nI have new sentences.\n' '/text.?$/ {s=$0 s;next} /^text/ {s=s $0;print s;s=""}' file
This is a sample text.
I have new sentences.
text is present there.
I have a file containing a list of strings, for example:
abc
search1
lkj
sdfdgs
search2
kkd
#search3
search3
How can I keep all lines matching search1, search2 or search3, that is the
command search1,search2,search3
for
expected output is:
search1
search2
search3
if command search3,search1,search2
for
expected output is:
not matching or print nothing
Note that the #search3 line should be removed.
You can use the grep utility:
% grep '^\(search1\|search2\|search3\)' file.txt
search1
search2
search3
Updated description to be clearer.
Say I have a file and it has these lines in it.
one
two
three
five
How do I add a line that says "four" after the line that says "three" so my file now looks like this?
one
two
three
four
five
Assuming you want to do this with the FileEdit class.
Chef::Util::FileEdit.new('/path/to/file').insert_line_after_match(/three/, 'four')
Here is the example ruby block for inserting 2 new line after match:
ruby_block "insert_lines" do
block do
file = Chef::Util::FileEdit.new("/path/of/file")
file.insert_line_after_match("three", "four")
file.insert_line_after_match("four", "five")
file.write_file
end
end
insert_line_after_match searches for the regex/string and it will insert the value in after the match.
The following Ruby script should do what you want quite nicely:
# insert_line.rb
# run with command "ruby insert_line.rb myinputfile.txt", where you
# replace "myinputfile.txt" with the actual name of your input file
$-i = ".orig"
ARGF.each do |line|
puts line
puts "four" if line =~ /^three$/
end
The $-i = ".orig" line makes the script appear to edit the named input file in-place and make a backup copy with ".orig" appended to the name. In reality it reads from the specified file and writes output to a temp file, and on success renames both the original input file (to have the specified suffix) and the temp file (to have the original name).
This particular implementation writes "four" after finding the "three" line, but it would be trivial to alter the pattern being matched, make it count-based, or have it write before some identified line rather than after.
This is an in memory solution. It looks for complete lines rather than doing a string regex search...
def add_after_line_in_memory path, findline, newline
lines = File.readlines(path)
if i = lines.index(findline.to_s+$/)
lines.insert(i+1, newline.to_s+$/)
File.open(path, 'wb') { |file| file.write(lines.join) }
end
end
add_after_line_in_memory 'onetwothreefive.txt', 'three', 'four'
An AWK Solution
While you could do this in Ruby, it's actually trivial to do this in AWK. For example:
# Use the line number to choose the insertion point.
$ awk 'NR == 4 {print "four"}; {print}' lines
one
two
three
four
five
# Use a regex to prepend your string to the matched line.
$ awk '/five/ {print "four"}; {print}' lines
one
two
three
four
five
I am having this example of ini file. I need to extract the names between 2 patterns Name_Z1 and OBJ=Name_Z1 and put them each on a line.
The problem is that there are more than one occurences with Name_Z1 and OBJ=Name_Z1 and i only need first occurence.
[Name_Z5]
random;text
Names;Jesus;Tom;Miguel
random;text
OBJ=Name_Z5
[Name_Z1]
random;text
Names;Jhon;Alex;Smith
random;text
OBJ=Name_Z1
[Name_Z2]
random;text
Names;Chris;Mara;Iordana
random;text
OBJ=Name_Z2
[Name_Z1_Phone]
random;text
Names;Bill;Stan;Mike
random;text
OBJ=Name_Z1_Phone
My desired output would be:
Jhon
Alex
Smith
I am currently writing a more ample script in bash and i am stuck on this. I prefer awk to do the job.
My greatly appreciation for who can help me. Thank you!
For Wintermute solution: The [Name_Z1] part looks like this:
[CAB_Z1]
READ_ONLY=false
FilterAttr=CeaseTime;blank|ObjectOfReference;contains;511047;512044;513008;593026;598326;CL5518;CL5521;CL5538;CL5612;CL5620|PerceivedSeverity;=;Critical;Major;Minor|ProbableCause;!=;HOUSE ALARM;IO DEVICE|ProblemText;contains;AIRE;ALIMENTA;BATER;CONVERTIDOR;DISTRIBUCION;FUEGO;HURTO;MAINS;MALLO;MAYOR;MENOR;PANEL;TEMP
NAME=CAB_Z1
And the [Name_Z1_Phone] part looks like this:
[CAB_Z1_FUEGO]
READ_ONLY=false
FilterAttr=CeaseTime;blank|ObjectOfReference;contains;511047;512044;513008;593026;598326;CL5518;CL5521;CL5538;CL5612;CL5620|PerceivedSeverity;=;Critical;Major;Minor|ProbableCause;!=;HOUSE ALARM;IO DEVICE|ProblemText;contains;FUEGO
NAME=CAB_Z1_FUEGO
The fix should be somewhere around the "|PerceivedSeverity"
Expected Output:
511047
512044
513008
593026
598326
CL5518
CL5521
CL5538
CL5612
CL5620
This should work:
sed -n '/^\[Name_Z1/,/^OBJ=Name_Z1/ { /^Names/ { s/^Names;//; s/;/\n/g; p; q } }' foo.txt
Explanation: Written readably, the code is
/^\[Name_Z1/,/^OBJ=Name_Z1/ {
/^Names/ {
s/^Names;//
s/;/\n/g
p
q
}
}
This means: In the pattern range /^\[Name_Z1/,/^OBJ=Name_Z1/, for all lines that match the pattern /^Names/, remove the Names; in the beginning, then replace all remaining ; with newlines, print the whole thing, and then quit. Since it immediately quits, it will only handle the first such line in the first such pattern range.
EDIT: The update made things a bit more complicated. I suggest
sed -n '/^\[CAB_Z1/,/^NAME=CAB_Z1/ { /^FilterAttr=/ { s/^.*contains;\(.*\)|PerceivedSeverity.*$/\1/; s/;/\n/g; p; q } }' foo.txt
The main difference is that instead of removing ^Names from a line, the substitution
s/^.*contains;\(.*\)|PerceivedSeverity.*$/\1/;
is applied. This isolates the part between contains; and |PerceivedSeverity before continuing as before. It assumes that there is only one such part in the line. If the match is ambiguous, it will pick the one that appears last in the line.
An (g)awk way that doesn't need a set number of fields(although i have assumed that contains; will always be on the line you need the names from.
(g)awk '(x+=/Z1/)&&match($0,/contains;([^|]+)/,a)&&gsub(";","\n",a[1]){print a[1];exit}' f
Explanation
(x+=/Z1/) - Increments x when Z1 is found. Also part of a
condition so x must exist to continue.
match($0,/contains;([^|]+)/,a) - Matches contains; and then captures everything after
up to the |. Stores the capture in a. Again a
condition so must succeed to continue.
gsub(";","\n",a[1]) - Substitutes all the ; for newlines in the capture
group a[1].
{print a[1];exit}' - If all conditions are met then print a[1] and exit.
This way should work in (m)awk
awk '(x+=/Z1/)&&/contains/{split($0,a,"|");y=split(a[2],b,";");for(i=3;i<=y;i++)
print b[i];exit}' file
sed -n '/\[Name_Z1\]/,/OBJ=Name_Z1$/ s/Names;//p' file.txt | tr ';' '\n'
That is sed -n to avoid printing anything not explicitly requested. Start from Name_Z1 and finish at OBJ=Name_Z1. Remove Names; and print the rest of the line where it occurs. Finally, replace semicolons with newlines.
Awk solution would be
$ awk -F";" '/Name_Z1/{f=1} f && /Names/{print $2,$3,$4} /OBJ=Name_Z1/{exit}' OFS="\n" input
Jhon
Alex
Smith
OR
$ awk -F";" '/Name_Z1/{f++} f==1 && /Names/{print $2,$3,$4}' OFS="\n" input
Jhon
Alex
Smith
-F";" sets the field seperator as ;
/Name_Z1/{f++} matches the line with pattern /Name_Z1/ If matched increment {f++}
f==1 && /Names/{print $2,$3,$4} is same as if f == 1 and maches pattern Name with line if true, then print the the columns 2 3 and 4 (delimted by ;)
OFS="\n" sets the output filed seperator as \n new line
EDIT
$ awk -F"[;|]" '/Z1/{f++} f==1 && NF>1{for (i=5; i<15; i++)print $i}' input
511047
512044
513008
593026
598326
CL5518
CL5521
CL5538
CL5612
CL5620
Here is a more generic solution for data in group of blocks.
This awk does not need the end tag, just the start.
awk -vRS= -F"\n" '/^\[Name_Z1\]/ {n=split($3,a,";");for (i=2;i<=n;i++) print a[i];exit}' file
Jhon
Alex
Smith
How it works:
awk -vRS= -F"\n" ' # By setting RS to nothing, one record equals one block. Then FS is set to one line as a field
/^\[Name_Z1\]/ { # Search for block with [Name_Z1]
n=split($3,a,";") # Split field 3, the names and store number of fields in variable n
for (i=2;i<=n;i++) # Loop from second to last field
print a[i] # Print the fields
exit # Exits after first find
' file
With updated data
cat file
data
[CAB_Z1_FUEGO]
READ_ONLY=false
FilterAttr=CeaseTime;blank|ObjectOfReference;contains;511047;512044;513008;593026;598326;CL5518;CL5521;CL5538;CL5612;CL5620|PerceivedSeverity;=;Critical;Major;Minor|ProbableCause;!=;HOUSE ALARM;IO DEVICE|ProblemText;contains;FUEGO
NAME=CAB_Z1_FUEGO
data
awk -vRS= -F"\n" '/^\[CAB_Z1_FUEGO\]/ {split($3,a,"|");n=split(a[2],b,";");for (i=3;i<=n;i++) print b[i]}' file
511047
512044
513008
593026
598326
CL5518
CL5521
CL5538
CL5612
CL5620
The following awk script will do what you want:
awk 's==1&&/^Names/{gsub("Names;","",$0);gsub(";","\n",$0);print}/^\[Name_Z1\]$/||/^OBJ=Name_Z1$/{s++}' inputFileName
In more detail:
s==1 && /^Names;/ {
gsub ("Names;","",$0);
gsub(";","\n",$0);
print
}
/^\[Name_Z1\]$/ || /^OBJ=Name_Z1$/ {
s++
}
The state s starts with a value of zero and is incremented whenever you find one of the two lines:
[Name_Z1]
OBJ=Name_Z1
That means, between the first set of those lines, s will be equal to one. That's where the other condition comes in. When s is one and you find a line starting with Names;, you do two substitutions.
The first is to get rid of the Names; at the front, the second is to replace all ; semi-colon characters with a newline. Then you print it out.
The output for your given test data is, as expected:
Jhon
Alex
Smith
I'm trying to delete two lines either side of a pattern match from a file full of transactions. Ie. find the match then delete two lines before it, then delete two lines after it and then delete the match. The write this back to the original file.
So the input data is
D28/10/2011
T-3.48
PINITIAL BALANCE
M
^
and my pattern is
sed -i '/PINITIAL BALANCE/,+2d' test.txt
However this is only deleting two lines after the pattern match and then deleting the pattern match. I can't work out any logical way to delete all 5 lines of data from the original file using sed.
an awk one-liner may do the job:
awk '/PINITIAL BALANCE/{for(x=NR-2;x<=NR+2;x++)d[x];}{a[NR]=$0}END{for(i=1;i<=NR;i++)if(!(i in d))print a[i]}' file
test:
kent$ cat file
######
foo
D28/10/2011
T-3.48
PINITIAL BALANCE
M
x
bar
######
this line will be kept
here
comes
PINITIAL BALANCE
again
blah
this line will be kept too
########
kent$ awk '/PINITIAL BALANCE/{for(x=NR-2;x<=NR+2;x++)d[x];}{a[NR]=$0}END{for(i=1;i<=NR;i++)if(!(i in d))print a[i]}' file
######
foo
bar
######
this line will be kept
this line will be kept too
########
add some explanation
awk '/PINITIAL BALANCE/{for(x=NR-2;x<=NR+2;x++)d[x];} #if match found, add the line and +- 2 lines' line number in an array "d"
{a[NR]=$0} # save all lines in an array with line number as index
END{for(i=1;i<=NR;i++)if(!(i in d))print a[i]}' #finally print only those index not in array "d"
file # your input file
sed will do it:
sed '/\n/!N;/\n.*\n/!N;/\n.*\n.*PINITIAL BALANCE/{$d;N;N;d};P;D'
It works this way:
if sed has only one string in pattern space it joins another one
if there are only two it joins the third one
if it does natch to pattern LINE + LINE + LINE with BALANCE it joins two following strings, deletes them and goes at the beginning
if not, it prints the first string from pattern and deletes it and goes at the beginning without swiping the pattern space
To prevent the appearance of pattern on the first string you should modify the script:
sed '1{/PINITIAL BALANCE/{N;N;d}};/\n/!N;/\n.*\n/!N;/\n.*\n.*PINITIAL BALANCE/{$d;N;N;d};P;D'
However, it fails in case you have another PINITIAL BALANCE in string which are going to be deleted. However, other solutions fails too =)
For such a task, I would probably reach for a more advanced tool like Perl:
perl -ne 'push #x, $_;
if (#x > 4) {
if ($x[2] =~ /PINITIAL BALANCE/) { undef #x }
else { print shift #x }
}
END { print #x }' input-file > output-file
This will remove 5 lines from the input file. These lines will be the 2 lines before the match, the matched line, and the two lines afterwards. You can change the total number of lines being removed modifying #x > 4 (this removes 5 lines) and the line being matched modifying $x[2] (this makes the match on the third line to be removed and so removes the two lines before the match).
A more simple and easy to understand solution might be:
awk '/PINITIAL BALANCE/ {print NR-2 "," NR+2 "d"}' input_filename \
| sed -f - input_filename > output_filename
awk is used to make a sed-script that deletes the lines in question and the result is written on the output_filename.
This uses two processes which might be less efficient than the other answers.
This might work for you (GNU sed):
sed ':a;$q;N;s/\n/&/2;Ta;/\nPINITIAL BALANCE$/!{P;D};$q;N;$q;N;d' file
save this code into a file grep.sed
H
s:.*::
x
s:^\n::
:r
/PINITIAL BALANCE/ {
N
N
d
}
/.*\n.*\n/ {
P
D
}
x
d
and run a command like this:
`sed -i -f grep.sed FILE`
You can use it so either:
sed -i 'H;s:.*::;x;s:^\n::;:r;/PINITIAL BALANCE/{N;N;d;};/.*\n.*\n/{P;D;};x;d' FILE