processing Minim: remove signal when it's amplitude is 0 - processing

So I'm making an audio program using processing and I came across a small road block in that when I tell minim to remove a audio signal (a Sine wave) from the audio output, it would end up with a small popping sound which I know is the program removing the sound when it's amplitude is not and the speakers thinks it should try and jump from whatever the sound's amplitude to 0.
How would I go about removing the audio signal when it's amplitude is at 0 instead of whenever the signal gets called?
The play function gets called once every 3 frames by the main program. out is polyphonic. Thanks
public void play(int column){
for (int i = 0; i < notes[column].length; i++){
if (column == 0){ //special case when the current time indicator is 0
if (notes[notes.length-1][i] == true && notes[column][i] == false){ // find previous notes on this row
out.removeSignal(sounds[i]);
}
if (notes[notes.length-1][i] == false && notes[column][i] == true){
out.addSignal(sounds[i]);
}
}
else{
if (notes[column-1][i] == true && notes[column][i] == false){
out.removeSignal(sounds[i]);
}
if (notes[column-1][i] == false && notes[column][i] == true){
out.addSignal(sounds[i]);
}
}
}
}

I only used Minim to play mp3 files, though i had the same problem there.
Instead of removing the signal, i used Minims stop() / mute() / pause() functions and removed the signal a few frames after executing the code above.

Related

blinking LED's without a delay not working

I have a problem with my arduino project. It's supposed to have two modes: normal and hazard. The switching between those two is handles by a visual studio form. The blinking leds for the normal mode work just fine but when I tried switching to the hazard mode they blink very dimly. In the hazard mode the red, yellow and blue leds have to blink at the same time. My code makes it so that only the red led is working properly. I'm guessing it has something to do with me using the other two in the normal mode.
void loop() {
unsigned long currentMillisYellow = millis();
unsigned long currentMillisBlue = millis();
unsigned long currentMillisRed = millis();
unsigned long currentMillisGreen = millis();
int steerAngle = map(analogRead(Potentiometer), 0, 1024, -100, 100);
//..........................................................normal state blinking
if (rightCounter > 0 && steerAngle > 0 && state == NormalState) {
if (currentMillisBlue - previousMillisBlue > blinkIntervalBlue) {
previousMillisBlue = currentMillisBlue;
ledBlueState = !ledBlueState;
digitalWrite(ledBlue, ledBlueState);
}
} else {
rightCounter = 0;
digitalWrite(ledBlue, LOW);
}
if (leftCounter > 0 && steerAngle < 0 && state == NormalState) {
if (currentMillisYellow - previousMillisYellow > blinkIntervalYellow) {
previousMillisYellow = currentMillisYellow;
ledYellowState = !ledYellowState;
digitalWrite(ledYellow, ledYellowState);
}
} else {
leftCounter = 0;
digitalWrite(ledYellow, LOW);
}
//..........................................................hazard state blinking
if (state == HazardState) { //why is the led brightness so low? (needs to be fixed)
if (currentMillisYellow - previousMillisYellow > blinkIntervalYellow) {
previousMillisYellow = currentMillisYellow;
ledYellowState = !ledYellowState;
digitalWrite(ledYellow, ledYellowState);
}
}
if (state == HazardState) {
if (currentMillisBlue - previousMillisBlue > blinkIntervalBlue) {
previousMillisBlue = currentMillisBlue;
ledBlueState = !ledBlueState;
digitalWrite(ledBlue, ledBlueState);
}
}
if (state == HazardState) {
if (currentMillisRed - previousMillisRed > blinkIntervalRed) {
previousMillisRed = currentMillisRed;
ledRedState = !ledRedState;
digitalWrite(ledRed, ledRedState);
}
}
Are your blinkIntervals long enough to produce an adequate delay so that the LED can be seen properly blinking? As I understand you are trying to blink them, namely turn them on then off for a short period. In that case, you might prefer to define ON and OFF intervals, as done in the second example code from this tutorial.
Additionally, as #Juraj said, your else block is turning them off and that could be the reason why you see the dim flashing.
I would define states instead of comparing the state inside the if conditional. Something like:
typedef enum {
NORMAL,
HAZARD
} Modes;
Modes state = NORMAL;
then, in your main loop:
if( state == NORMAL){
// execute LEDs blinking
} else if(state == HAZARD){
// execute LEDs blinking
}

p5.play counter not working

I'm trying to write a program in which the end screen of the game only shows up after the last animation finishes. I'm using a counter that's implemented after each object is removed (which is only after it finishes its animation), and when that counter gets to zero, it should show the end screen. Unfortunately, from what I can tell, the counter statement isn't registering at all. I've inserted a print statement that isn't functioning.
var star;
var score;
var counter;
function setup() {
createCanvas(600,400);
score = 0;
counter = 20;
for (var s = 0; s < 20; s++) {
star = createSprite(random(width), random(height));
star.addAnimation("idle", idleAnim);
star.addAnimation("explode", explAnim);
star.changeAnimation("idle");
star.onMousePressed = function() {
this.changeAnimation("explode");
this.animation.looping = false;
score +=1
if (this.getAnimationLabel() == "explode" && this.animation.getFrame() == this.animation.getLastFrame()) {
this.remove();
counter -= 1;
print(counter);
}
}
}
}
function draw() {
if (score == 20 && counter == 0) {
background(255,222,51)
textSize(90);
fill(0)
text("YOU WIN!",95,225)
} else {
drawSprites();
}
}
You need to take a step back and debug your program. For example, are you sure the star.onMousePressed() function is firing? Are you sure the if statement is working the way you expected? Are you sure the player.dir() function is being called?
It sounds like your if statement is not being entered. can you find out the value of everything on that line? Which thing has a different value from what you expected?
Use console.log() statements, or use the JavaScript debugger, to answer all of the above. Figure out exactly which line of code is behaving differently from what you expected, and then isolate that problem in a MCVE. Good luck.

Adding a delay in my code, not working. C++

Trying to make simon says game as my semester project, problem is I cant add a delay between the colors when they change,
i.e i want to add a delay so that when one box color changes, then after about 3~4 seconds the next box color changes, but the problem is when I put the Sleep() in my for loop, the system pauses for the amount given as a whole, then displays all the colors changed at the same time not one by one....
Any help, here is the function that i call when the game's start button is clicked. How to fix it ?
void flash()
{
srand(time(NULL));
int x;
for (int i = 5; i > 0;i--)
{
x = rand() % 4;
if (x == 0)
{
button1->BackColor = System::Drawing::Color::Blue;
}
else if (x == 1)
{
button2->BackColor = System::Drawing::Color::Blue;
}
else if (x == 2)
{
button3->BackColor = System::Drawing::Color::Blue;
}
else if (x == 3)
{
button4->BackColor = System::Drawing::Color::Blue;
}
Sleep(500);
}
}
P.s I have tried to put the sleep in the if statements but that doesn't work either, Any help please ?
As your code is single-treaded and you are updating the colors of the buttons in a loop, there is (currently) no chance for the application's standard drawing routines to kick in, until the loop is finished. If you do want a redraw while being in the loop, you have to manually issue it by (e.g.):
button1->Invalidate();
button1->Update();
Please be aware that, if you stay in the loop for too long, windows does recognize that your application is not responding to windows messages and renders it "unresponsive" (window fading to half white). To circumvent this, you can use the Timer class from System::Windows::Forms to implement the delay behaviour.

Cannot get OpenAL to play sound

I've searched the net, I've searched here. I've found code that I could compile and it works fine, but for some reason my code won't produce any sound. I'm porting an old game to the PC (Windows,) and I'm trying to make it as authentic as possible, so I'm wanting to use generated wave forms. I've pretty much copied and pasted the working code (only adding in multiple voices,) and it still won't work (even thought the exact same code for a single voice works fine.) I know I'm missing something obvious, but I just cannot figure out what. Any help would be appreciated thank you.
First some notes... I was looking for something that would allow me to use the original methodology. The original system used paired bytes for music (sound effects - only 2 - were handled in code.) A time byte that counted down every time the routine was called, and a note byte that was played until time reached zero. this was done by patching into the interrupt vector, windows doesn't allow that, so I set up a timer that routing that accomplished the same thing. The timer kicks in, updates the display, and then runs the music sequence. I set this up with a defined time so that I only have one place to adjust the timing at (to get it as close as possible to the original sequence. The music is a generated wave form (and I've double checked the math, and even examined the generated data in debug mode,) and it looks good. The sequence looks good, but doesn't actually produce sound. I tried SDL2 first, and it's method of only playing 1 sound doesn't work for me, also, unless I make the sample duration extremely short (and the sound produced this way is awful,) I can't match the timing (it plays the entire sample through it's own interrupt without letting me make adjustments.) Also, blending the 3 voices together (when they all run with different timings,) is a mess. Most of the other engines I examined work in much the same way, they want to use their own callback interrupt and won't allow me to tweak it appropriately. This is why I started working with OpenAL. It allows multiple voices (sources,) and allows me to set the timings myself. On advice from several forums, I set it up so that the sample lengths are all multiples of full cycles.
Anyway, here's the code.
int main(int argc, char* argv[])
{
FreeConsole(); //Get rid of the DOS console, don't need it
if (InitLog() < 0) return -1; //Start logging
UINT_PTR tim = NULL;
SDL_Event event;
InitVideo(false); //Set to window for now, will put options in later
curmusic = 5;
InitAudio();
SetTimer(NULL,tim,_FREQ_,TimerProc);
SDL_PollEvent(&event);
while (event.type != SDL_KEYDOWN) SDL_PollEvent(&event);
SDL_Quit();
return 0;
}
void CALLBACK TimerProc(HWND hWind, UINT Msg, UINT_PTR idEvent, DWORD dwTime)
{
RenderOutput();
PlayMusic();
//UpdateTimer();
//RotateGate();
return;
}
void InitAudio(void)
{
ALCdevice *dev;
ALCcontext *cxt;
Log("Initializing OpenAL Audio\r\n");
dev = alcOpenDevice(NULL);
if (!dev) {
Log("Failed to open an audio device\r\n");
exit(-1);
}
cxt = alcCreateContext(dev, NULL);
alcMakeContextCurrent(cxt);
if(!cxt) {
Log("Failed to create audio context\r\n");
exit(-1);
}
alGenBuffers(4,Buffer);
if (alGetError() != AL_NO_ERROR) {
Log("Error during buffer creation\r\n");
exit(-1);
}
alGenSources(4, Source);
if (alGetError() != AL_NO_ERROR) {
Log("Error during source creation\r\n");
exit(-1);
}
return;
}
void PlayMusic()
{
static int oldsong, ofset, mtime[4];
double freq;
ALuint srate = 44100;
ALuint voice, i, note, len, hold;
short buf[4][_BUFFSIZE_];
bool test[4] = {false, false, false, false};
if (curmusic != oldsong) {
oldsong = (int)curmusic;
if (curmusic > 0)
ofset = moffset[(curmusic - 1)];
for (voice = 1; voice < 4; voice++)
alSourceStop(Source[voice]);
mtime[voice] = 0;
return;
}
if (curmusic == 0) return;
//Only 3 voices for music, but have
for (voice = 0; voice < 3; voice ++) { // 4 set asside for eventual sound effects
if (mtime[voice] == 0) { //is note finished
alSourceStop(Source[voice]); //It is, so stop the channel (source)
mtime[voice] = music[ofset++]; //Get the next duration
if (mtime[voice] == 0) {oldsong = 0; return;} //zero marks end, so restart
note = music[ofset++]; //Get the next note
if (note > 127) { //Old HW data was designed for could only
if (note == 255) note = 127; //use values 128 - 255 (255 = 127)
freq = (15980 / (voice + (int)(voice / 3))) / (256 - note); //freq of note
len = (ALuint)(srate / freq); //A single cycle of that freq.
hold = len;
while (len < (srate / (1000 / _FREQ_))) len += hold; //Multiply till 1 interrup cycle
while (len > _BUFFSIZE_) len -= hold; //Don't overload buffer
if (len == 0) len = _BUFFSIZE_; //Just to be safe
for (i = 0; i < len; i++) //calculate sine wave and put in buffer
buf[voice][i] = (short)((32760 * sin((2 * M_PI * i * freq) / srate)));
alBufferData(Buffer[voice], AL_FORMAT_MONO16, buf[voice], len, srate);
alSourcei(openAL.Source[i], AL_LOOPING, AL_TRUE);
alSourcei(Source[i], AL_BUFFER, Buffer[i]);
alSourcePlay(Source[voice]);
}
} else --mtime[voice];
}
}
Well, it turns out there were 3 problems with my code. First, you have to link the built wave buffer to the AL generated buffer "before" you link the buffer to the source:
alBufferData(buffer,AL_FORMAT_MONO16,&wave_sample,sample_lenght * sizeof(short),frequency);
alSourcei(source,AL_BUFFER,buffer);
Also in the above example, I multiplied the sample_length by how many bytes are in each sample (in this case "sizeof(short)".
The final problem was that you need to un-link a buffer from the source before you change the buffer data
alSourcei(source,AL_BUFFER,NULL);
The music would play, but not correctly until I added that line to the note change code.

Joystick won't work using SDL

I'm building a simple game in SDL. I've been through countless tutorials and I've clearly missed something as it still ignoring my Joystick completely
In my constructor
SDL_JoystickEventState(SDL_ENABLE);
joystick = SDL_JoystickOpen(0);
In my update I'm calling a test to check I have actually initialized the joystick
if (SDL_NumJoysticks() <= 0)
{
done = true;
}
Here is my player update as well
void World::playerMovement()
{
SDL_Event event;
while (SDL_PollEvent (&event))
{
switch (event.type)
{
case SDL_QUIT:
done = true;
break;
case SDL_JOYAXISMOTION:
if ( ( event.jaxis.value < -3200 ) || (event.jaxis.value > 3200 ) )
{
test = true;
}
break;
}
}
}
Test is simply a bool which once true will mean my enemies start spawning. I also run a check in main
if (SDL_Init( SDL_INIT_VIDEO | SDL_INIT_JOYSTICK ) < 0)
{
fprintf(stderr, "Couldn't initialize SDL: %s\n", SDL_GetError());
done = true;
}
When I run the game it loads as normal but no matter how much I move the joystick it won't set test to true.
I also tried using the following in the while poll event loop instead.
if (event.type == SDL_JOYAXISMOTION)
{
if(SDL_JoystickGetAxis(joystick, 1) > 0)
{
test = true;
}
}
Any idea's what I have missed?
I think emartel has the best answer to make sure SDL_joystick is working.
When does World::playerMovement() happen? The overall flow of your program is hard to determine from these snippets.
I'm happy to share with you my code for handling joysticks, which keeps track of: multiple joysticks, axes scaled [-1,1] with deadzone removed, and buttons held down.
http://www.raptor007.com/code/RaptorEngine_Joystick.zip
And here's a snippet of how that would be utilized as part of your main loop:
// FIXME: SDL needs to be initialized before we get here.
JoystickManager Joy;
Joy.Initialize();
double deadzone = 0.02;
// Main loop.
bool done = false;
while( ! done )
{
// Keep the list of joysticks up-to-date.
Joy.FindJoysticks();
// Handle all user input.
SDL_Event event;
while( SDL_PollEvent( &event ) )
{
// Let the JoystickManager track events relevant to it.
Joy.TrackEvent( &event );
// FIXME: Handle single-press events here (next target, etc).
// Don't handle button-held-down events like firing (see below).
if( event.type == SDL_QUIT )
done = true;
}
// Read joystick 0 analog axes.
double roll = Joy.Axis( 0, 0, deadzone );
double pitch = Joy.Axis( 0, 1, deadzone );
double yaw = Joy.Axis( 0, 3, deadzone );
double throttle = Joy.AxisScaled( 0, 2, 1., 0., 0., deadzone );
// Read joystick 0 buttons held down.
bool firing = Joy.ButtonDown( 0, 0 );
// FIXME: Update game objects and draw graphics.
}
I found a weird behaviour in SDL2:
If no events are put into the queue, try adding the following before the SDL_Init call:
SDL_SetHint(SDL_HINT_JOYSTICK_ALLOW_BACKGROUND_EVENTS,"1");
Are you sure joystick points to a valid joystick?
You state that you're getting it in your Constructor... does that contructor happen to be called before you initialize SDL with SDL_INIT_JOYSTICK? This could happen if your player is a global variable.
Make sure that in order you:
Init the Joystick subsystem, either by adding it to your SDL_Init with | SDL_INIT_JOYSTICK or by calling SDL_InitSubSystem(SDL_INIT_JOYSTICK);
Check SDL_NumJoysticks() > 0
Get joystick 0: joystick = SDL_JoystickOpen(0);
Enable events: SDL_JoystickEventState(SDL_ENABLE);
Process your events with SDL_PollEvent
At the end of your program, close your joystick: SDL_JoystickClose(joystick);
Also, make sure the joystick is properly detected in Windows and reports its inputs properly.
Looks like your SDL isn't init proper.
replace
SDL_Init(SDL_INIT_VIDEO | SDL_INIT_JOYSTICK)
with
SDL_Init(SDL_INIT_EVERYTHING)
Is this SDL 1.2 or 2.0? In my case, on 2.0 SDL_PollEvent(&event) didn't actually put any data in the event struct. After that call, I had to use SDL_JoystickGetAxis(joystick_id, axis) and friends to get data.
So in your case, try to move the SDL_JoystickGetAxis call out of the if-test on event-type.
If you call SDL_NumJoysticks to get the number of controllers connected, then call SDL_JoystickOpen which returns a joystick identifier before your game loop then you will receive the SDL_JOYAXISMOTION events.
e.g.
int num_joy;
num_joy = SDL_NumJoysticks();
printf("%d joysticks found\n", num_joy);
for(int i = 0; i < num_joy; i++)
{
SDL_Joystick *joystick = SDL_JoystickOpen(i);
printf("Joystick name: %s\n", SDL_JoystickName(joystick));
}
SDL_Event event;
bool quit = false;
// Game loop
while(!quit)
{
// event loop
while(SDL_PollEvent(&event))
{
if (event.type == SDL_JOYAXISMOTION)
{
printf("Joystick______EVENT!\n");
}
// etc.....
See https://wiki.libsdl.org/SDL_JoystickName
I do not know how this can help you, but I do know that pygame supports joystick. And pygame is the python port of the SDL library. If everything fails, I guess you can always write that particular piece of code in python.

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