Generate unique id with 6 of length - logic
I need to generate a unique id with a limit of 6 blocks. That id should contains letters in upper case and number.
How can I do it? I thougth in use the date, but I'm failed.
More details...
That Id just need not repeat, but should be generate alone, whithout base in a last sequence.
I can do this in any language.
I made a blog post to generate a strong SQL Server password. You can adapt this to what you need. For a better format blog post here.
We have the requirement that our passwords have to change every 90 days. I wanted to automate this and it sounded pretty easy to do, but it wasn’t that easy. Why? Because there are a lot of rules for passwords.
First, I have to store it in the web.config. So no XML special characters.
quot "
amp &
apos '
lt <
gt >
Next, If used in an OLE DB or ODBC connection string, a password must not contain the following characters: [] {}() , ; ? * ! #.
Finally, strong passwords must contains characters from at least three of the following categories:
English uppercase characters (A through Z)
English lowercase characters (a through z)
Base 10 digits (0 through 9)
Nonalphabetic characters (for example: !, $, #, %)
So keeping all of these rules in mind I created a simple class. that I can just call
public class PasswordGenerator
{
private static string CHARS_LCASE = "abcdefgijkmnopqrstwxyz";
private static string CHARS_UCASE = "ABCDEFGHJKLMNPQRSTWXYZ";
private static string CHARS_NUMERIC = "23456789";
private static string CHARS_SPECIAL = "*-+_%/";
private static string CHARS_ALL = CHARS_LCASE + CHARS_UCASE + CHARS_NUMERIC + CHARS_SPECIAL;
public static string GeneratePassword(int length)
{
char[] chars = new char[length];
Random rand = new Random();
for (int i = 0; i < length; i++)
{
switch (i)
{
case 0:
chars[i] = CHARS_LCASE[rand.Next(0, CHARS_LCASE.Length)];
break;
case 1:
chars[i] = CHARS_UCASE[rand.Next(0, CHARS_UCASE.Length)];
break;
case 2:
chars[i] = CHARS_NUMERIC[rand.Next(0, CHARS_NUMERIC.Length)];
break;
case 3:
chars[i] = CHARS_SPECIAL[rand.Next(0, CHARS_SPECIAL.Length)];
break;
default:
chars[i] = CHARS_ALL[rand.Next(0, CHARS_ALL.Length)];
break;
}
}
return new string(chars);
}
}
So now I just simply call this for a new password:
PasswordGenerator.GeneratePassword(13)
Related
Java 8 Streams for String manipulation
I want to perform multiple tasks on a single string. I need to get a string and extract different sub-strings using a delimiter ("/"), then reverse the list of sub-strings and finally join them using another delimiter (".") such that /tmp/test/hello/world/ would turn into: world.hello.test.tmp Using Java 7 the code is as follows: String str ="/tmp/test/"; List<String> elephantList = new ArrayList<String>(Arrays.asList(str.split("/"))); StringBuilder sb = new StringBuilder(); for (int i=elephantList.size()-1; i>-1; i--) { String a = elephantList.get(i); if (a.equals("")) { elephantList.remove(i); } else { sb.append(a); sb.append('.'); } } sb.setLength(sb.length() - 1); System.out.println("result" + elephantList + " " + sb.toString()); I was wondering how I could do the same thing using Java 8 streams and the join function it has for Strings
The most straightforward way is to collect the terms into a list, reverse the list and join on the new delimiter: import static java.util.stream.Collectors.toCollection; List<String> terms = Pattern.compile("/") .splitAsStream(str) .filter(s -> !s.isEmpty()) .collect(toCollection(ArrayList::new)); Collections.reverse(terms); String result = String.join(".", terms); You can do it without collecting into an intermediate list but it will be less readable and not worth the trouble for practical purposes. Another issue to consider is that your strings appear to be paths. It is usually better to use Path class rather than splitting by "/" manually. Here's how you would do this (this approach also demonstrates how to use IntStream over indexes to stream over a list backwards): Path p = Paths.get(str); result = IntStream.rangeClosed(1, p.getNameCount()) .map(i -> p.getNameCount() - i) // becomes a stream of count-1 to 0 .mapToObj(p::getName) .map(Path::toString) .collect(joining(".")); This will have the advantage of being OS-independent.
If you do not want an intermediate list and just want to join the String reversely: String delimiter = "."; Optional<String> result = Pattern.compile("/") .splitAsStream(str) .filter(s -> ! s.isEmpty()) .reduce((s, s2) -> String.join(delimiter, s2, s)); Or just use .reduce((s1, s2) -> s2 + '.' + s1); as it is probably as readable as String.join(".", s2, s1); (thanks Holger for the suggestion). From then on you could do one of the following: result.ifPresent(System.out::println); // print the result String resultAsString = result.orElse(""); // get the value or default to empty string resultAsString = result.orElseThrow(() -> new RuntimeException("not a valid path?")); // get the value or throw an exception Another way using StreamSupport and Spliterator (inspired by Mishas suggestion to use a Path): Optional<String> result = StreamSupport.stream(Paths.get(str).spliterator(), false) .map(Path::getFileName) .map(Path::toString) .reduce((s, s2) -> s2 + '.' + s); Of course you can simplify it by omitting the intermediate Optional-object and just call your desired method immediately: stream(get(str).spliterator(), false) .map(Path::getFileName) .map(Path::toString) .reduce((s, s2) -> s2 + '.' + s) .ifPresent(out::println); // orElse... orElseThrow in the last example you would add the following static imports: import static java.lang.System.out; import static java.nio.file.Paths.get; import static java.util.stream.StreamSupport.stream;
Your Java 7 code isn’t what I’d call a straight-forward solution. This is, how I would implement it in Java 7: String str = "/tmp/test/"; StringBuilder sb = new StringBuilder(str.length()+1); for(int s=str.lastIndexOf('/'), e=str.length(); e>=0; e=s, s=str.lastIndexOf('/', e-1)) { if(s+1<e) sb.append(str, s+1, e).append('.'); } if(sb.length()>0) sb.setLength(sb.length() - 1); System.out.println("result " + sb); and thinking about it again, this is also how I’d implement it in Java 8, as using the Stream API doesn’t really improve this operation.
You can write like this : String newPath = Arrays.asList(path.split("/")).stream() .filter(x -> !x.isEmpty()) .reduce("",(cc,ss)->{ if(!cc.isEmpty()) return ss+"."+cc; else return ss; },(s1,s2)->s2+s1); The filter eliminates first backslash and reduce method has to control if there are any other last empty strings.
How to generate random numbers, strings and select a random choice from a drop down list in Watin?
I have not been able to find the correct syntax to use in this scenario, can anyone help? For examples of what I would like to do: ieInUse.TextField(Find.ById("Blah")).TypeText("Zzz"); -- I'd like to replace the 'Zzz' with just a random string. ieInUse.GoTo("http://randomwebsite/Description/11"); -- Replacing the 11 with a random 2 numbers
I do have some opinions on testing with non deterministic data, but I'll keep them to myself as I don't know the background :) I don't know of any built-in functionality for that, but you can easily add your own methods to do it; static string RandomString(int len) { var random = new Random(); return new string(Enumerable.Range(1, len) .Select(_ => (char)(random.Next() % 95 + 33)).ToArray()); } static string RandomDigits(int len) { var random = new Random(); return new string(Enumerable.Range(1, len) .Select(_ => (char) (random.Next()%10 + '0')).ToArray()); } Then you can just do; ieInUse.TextField(Find.ById("Blah")).TypeText(RandomString(7)); ieInUse.GoTo("http://randomwebsite/Description/" + RandomDigits(2));
Making a list of integers more human friendly
This is a bit of a side project I have taken on to solve a no-fix issue for work. Our system outputs a code to represent a combination of things on another thing. Some example codes are: 9-9-0-4-4-5-4-0-2-0-0-0-2-0-0-0-0-0-2-1-2-1-2-2-2-4 9-5-0-7-4-3-5-7-4-0-5-1-4-2-1-5-5-4-6-3-7-9-72 9-15-0-9-1-6-2-1-2-0-0-1-6-0-7 The max number in one of the slots I've seen so far is about 150 but they will likely go higher. When the system was designed there was no requirement for what this code would look like. But now the client wants to be able to type it in by hand from a sheet of paper, something the code above isn't suited for. We've said we won't do anything about it, but it seems like a fun challenge to take on. My question is where is a good place to start loss-less compressing this code? Obvious solutions such as store this code with a shorter key are not an option; our database is read only. I need to build a two way method to make this code more human friendly.
1) I agree that you definately need a checksum - data entry errors are very common, unless you have really well trained staff and independent duplicate keying with automatic crosss-checking. 2) I suggest http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Huffman_coding to turn your list of numbers into a stream of bits. To get the probabilities required for this, you need a decent sized sample of real data, so you can make a count, setting Ni to the number of times number i appears in the data. Then I suggest setting Pi = (Ni + 1) / (Sum_i (Ni + 1)) - which smooths the probabilities a bit. Also, with this method, if you see e.g. numbers 0-150 you could add a bit of slack by entering numbers 151-255 and setting them to Ni = 0. Another way round rare large numbers would be to add some sort of escape sequence. 3) Finding a way for people to type the resulting sequence of bits is really an applied psychology problem but here are some suggestions of ideas to pinch. 3a) Software licences - just encode six bits per character in some 64-character alphabet, but group characters in a way that makes it easier for people to keep place e.g. BC017-06777-14871-160C4 3b) UK car license plates. Use a change of alphabet to show people how to group characters e.g. ABCD0123EFGH4567IJKL... 3c) A really large alphabet - get yourself a list of 2^n words for some decent sized n and encode n bits as a word e.g. GREEN ENCHANTED LOGICIAN... -
i worried about this problem a while back. it turns out that you can't do much better than base64 - trying to squeeze a few more bits per character isn't really worth the effort (once you get into "strange" numbers of bits encoding and decoding becomes more complex). but at the same time, you end up with something that's likely to have errors when entered (confusing a 0 with an O etc). one option is to choose a modified set of characters and letters (so it's still base 64, but, say, you substitute ">" for "0". another is to add a checksum. again, for simplicity of implementation, i felt the checksum approach was better. unfortunately i never got any further - things changed direction - so i can't offer code or a particular checksum choice. ps i realised there's a missing step i didn't explain: i was going to compress the text into some binary form before encoding (using some standard compression algorithm). so to summarize: compress, add checksum, base64 encode; base 64 decode, check checksum, decompress.
This is similar to what I have used in the past. There are certainly better ways of doing this, but I used this method because it was easy to mirror in Transact-SQL which was a requirement at the time. You could certainly modify this to incorporate Huffman encoding if the distribution of your id's is non-random, but it's probably unnecessary. You didn't specify language, so this is in c#, but it should be very easy to transition to any language. In the lookup you'll see commonly confused characters are omitted. This should speed up entry. I also had the requirement to have a fixed length, but it would be easy for you to modify this. static public class CodeGenerator { static Dictionary<int, char> _lookupTable = new Dictionary<int, char>(); static CodeGenerator() { PrepLookupTable(); } private static void PrepLookupTable() { _lookupTable.Add(0,'3'); _lookupTable.Add(1,'2'); _lookupTable.Add(2,'5'); _lookupTable.Add(3,'4'); _lookupTable.Add(4,'7'); _lookupTable.Add(5,'6'); _lookupTable.Add(6,'9'); _lookupTable.Add(7,'8'); _lookupTable.Add(8,'W'); _lookupTable.Add(9,'Q'); _lookupTable.Add(10,'E'); _lookupTable.Add(11,'T'); _lookupTable.Add(12,'R'); _lookupTable.Add(13,'Y'); _lookupTable.Add(14,'U'); _lookupTable.Add(15,'A'); _lookupTable.Add(16,'P'); _lookupTable.Add(17,'D'); _lookupTable.Add(18,'S'); _lookupTable.Add(19,'G'); _lookupTable.Add(20,'F'); _lookupTable.Add(21,'J'); _lookupTable.Add(22,'H'); _lookupTable.Add(23,'K'); _lookupTable.Add(24,'L'); _lookupTable.Add(25,'Z'); _lookupTable.Add(26,'X'); _lookupTable.Add(27,'V'); _lookupTable.Add(28,'C'); _lookupTable.Add(29,'N'); _lookupTable.Add(30,'B'); } public static bool TryPCodeDecrypt(string iPCode, out Int64 oDecryptedInt) { //Prep the result so we can exit without having to fiddle with it if we hit an error. oDecryptedInt = 0; if (iPCode.Length > 3) { Char[] Bits = iPCode.ToCharArray(0,iPCode.Length-2); int CheckInt7 = 0; int CheckInt3 = 0; if (!int.TryParse(iPCode[iPCode.Length-1].ToString(),out CheckInt7) || !int.TryParse(iPCode[iPCode.Length-2].ToString(),out CheckInt3)) { //Unsuccessful -- the last check ints are not integers. return false; } //Adjust the CheckInts to the right values. CheckInt3 -= 2; CheckInt7 -= 2; int COffset = iPCode.LastIndexOf('M')+1; Int64 tempResult = 0; int cBPos = 0; while ((cBPos + COffset) < Bits.Length) { //Calculate the current position. int cNum = 0; foreach (int cKey in _lookupTable.Keys) { if (_lookupTable[cKey] == Bits[cBPos + COffset]) { cNum = cKey; } } tempResult += cNum * (Int64)Math.Pow((double)31, (double)(Bits.Length - (cBPos + COffset + 1))); cBPos += 1; } if (tempResult % 7 == CheckInt7 && tempResult % 3 == CheckInt3) { oDecryptedInt = tempResult; return true; } return false; } else { //Unsuccessful -- too short. return false; } } public static string PCodeEncrypt(int iIntToEncrypt, int iMinLength) { int Check7 = (iIntToEncrypt % 7) + 2; int Check3 = (iIntToEncrypt % 3) + 2; StringBuilder result = new StringBuilder(); result.Insert(0, Check7); result.Insert(0, Check3); int workingNum = iIntToEncrypt; while (workingNum > 0) { result.Insert(0, _lookupTable[workingNum % 31]); workingNum /= 31; } if (result.Length < iMinLength) { for (int i = result.Length + 1; i <= iMinLength; i++) { result.Insert(0, 'M'); } } return result.ToString(); } }
How to convert Chinese characters to Pinyin [closed]
Closed. This question does not meet Stack Overflow guidelines. It is not currently accepting answers. We don’t allow questions seeking recommendations for books, tools, software libraries, and more. You can edit the question so it can be answered with facts and citations. Closed last year. The community reviewed whether to reopen this question 4 months ago and left it closed: Original close reason(s) were not resolved Improve this question For sorting Chinese language text, I want to convert Chinese characters to Pinyin, properly separating each Chinese character and grouping successive characters together. Can you please help me in this task by providing the logic or source code for doing this? Please let me know if any open source or lib already present for this.
Short answer: you don't. Long answer: There is no one-to-one mapping for 汉字 to 汉语拼音. Just some quick examples: 把 can be "ba" in the third tone or fourth tone. 了 can be "le" toneless or "liao" third tone. 乐 can be "le" or "yue", both in the fourth tone. 落 can be "luo", "la" or "lao", all in the fourth tone. And so on. I have a beginners' book on this topic that has 207 examples. I stress that this is a beginners' book and is by no means complete. Each one has a page or two of examples of use and conditions under which you choose the appropriate pronunciation. It is not something that could be easily programmed (if at all). And this doesn't even address the other slippery thing you want to deal with: the separation of characters into grouped words. The very notion of a word is a bit slippery in Chinese. (There's two terms that correspond, roughly to "word" in Chinese for example: 字 and 词. The first is the character, the second groups of characters that are put together into one concept. (I frequently get asked by Chinese speakers how many "words" I can read when they really mean "characters".) While in some cases the distinction is clear (the 词 "乌鸦", for example, is "crow" -- the two 字 must be together to express the idea properly and it would be incorrect to translate it as "black crow"), in others it is not so clear. What does "你好" translate to? Is it one word meaning, idiomatically, "hello"? Or is it two words translating literally to "you good"? Each of the characters involved stands alone or in groups with other words, but together they mean something entirely different from their individual meanings. Given this, how, precisely, do you plan to group the 汉语拼音 transliterations (which are difficult to impossible to get right in the first place!) into "words"?
While #JUST MY correct OPINION's answer addresses some of the difficulties of converting characters into pinyin, it is not an impossible problem to solve. I have written a library (pinyinify) that solves this task with decent accuracy. Even though there is not a one-to-one mapping between characters and pinyin, my library can usually decide which pronunciation is correct. For example, "我受不了了" correctly converts to "wǒ shòubùliǎo le", with two different pronunciations of 了. My approach to solving the problem is pretty simple: First segment the text into words. For example, 我喜欢旅游 would be divided into three words: 我 喜欢 旅游. This is also not a simple process, but there are many libraries for it. jieba is one of the more popular libraries for this purpose. Use a dictionary to convert the words into pinyin. If the word is not in the dictionary, fall back to converting the individual characters to pinyin using their most common pronunciation.
CoreFoundation provides certain method to do the conversion: CFMutableStringRef string = CFStringCreateMutableCopy(NULL, 0, CFSTR("中文")); CFStringTransform(string, NULL, kCFStringTransformMandarinLatin, NO); CFStringTransform(string, NULL, kCFStringTransformStripDiacritics, NO); NSLog(#"%#", string); The output is zhong wen
the following code writing in C# can help you to simply convert chinese words that including in gb2312 encodec(just 2312 of often used Simplified-Chinese words) to pinyin.like convert "今天天气不错" to "JinTianTianQiBuCuo". sometimes a chinese word is not one to one map to a pinyin,it depends on the context we talk about.like the "行" in "自行车"(bike) is pronounced "Xing",but in "银行"(bank) it pronounced "Hang".so if you have problem with this,you may find more complex solution to handle this. sorry for my poor english.i hope this could give you a little help. public class ChineseToPinYin { private static int[] pyValue = new int[] { -20319,-20317,-20304,-20295,-20292,-20283,-20265,-20257,-20242,-20230,-20051,-20036, -20032,-20026,-20002,-19990,-19986,-19982,-19976,-19805,-19784,-19775,-19774,-19763, -19756,-19751,-19746,-19741,-19739,-19728,-19725,-19715,-19540,-19531,-19525,-19515, -19500,-19484,-19479,-19467,-19289,-19288,-19281,-19275,-19270,-19263,-19261,-19249, -19243,-19242,-19238,-19235,-19227,-19224,-19218,-19212,-19038,-19023,-19018,-19006, -19003,-18996,-18977,-18961,-18952,-18783,-18774,-18773,-18763,-18756,-18741,-18735, -18731,-18722,-18710,-18697,-18696,-18526,-18518,-18501,-18490,-18478,-18463,-18448, -18447,-18446,-18239,-18237,-18231,-18220,-18211,-18201,-18184,-18183, -18181,-18012, -17997,-17988,-17970,-17964,-17961,-17950,-17947,-17931,-17928,-17922,-17759,-17752, -17733,-17730,-17721,-17703,-17701,-17697,-17692,-17683,-17676,-17496,-17487,-17482, -17468,-17454,-17433,-17427,-17417,-17202,-17185,-16983,-16970,-16942,-16915,-16733, -16708,-16706,-16689,-16664,-16657,-16647,-16474,-16470,-16465,-16459,-16452,-16448, -16433,-16429,-16427,-16423,-16419,-16412,-16407,-16403,-16401,-16393,-16220,-16216, -16212,-16205,-16202,-16187,-16180,-16171,-16169,-16158,-16155,-15959,-15958,-15944, -15933,-15920,-15915,-15903,-15889,-15878,-15707,-15701,-15681,-15667,-15661,-15659, -15652,-15640,-15631,-15625,-15454,-15448,-15436,-15435,-15419,-15416,-15408,-15394, -15385,-15377,-15375,-15369,-15363,-15362,-15183,-15180,-15165,-15158,-15153,-15150, -15149,-15144,-15143,-15141,-15140,-15139,-15128,-15121,-15119,-15117,-15110,-15109, -14941,-14937,-14933,-14930,-14929,-14928,-14926,-14922,-14921,-14914,-14908,-14902, -14894,-14889,-14882,-14873,-14871,-14857,-14678,-14674,-14670,-14668,-14663,-14654, -14645,-14630,-14594,-14429,-14407,-14399,-14384,-14379,-14368,-14355,-14353,-14345, -14170,-14159,-14151,-14149,-14145,-14140,-14137,-14135,-14125,-14123,-14122,-14112, -14109,-14099,-14097,-14094,-14092,-14090,-14087,-14083,-13917,-13914,-13910,-13907, -13906,-13905,-13896,-13894,-13878,-13870,-13859,-13847,-13831,-13658,-13611,-13601, -13406,-13404,-13400,-13398,-13395,-13391,-13387,-13383,-13367,-13359,-13356,-13343, -13340,-13329,-13326,-13318,-13147,-13138,-13120,-13107,-13096,-13095,-13091,-13076, -13068,-13063,-13060,-12888,-12875,-12871,-12860,-12858,-12852,-12849,-12838,-12831, -12829,-12812,-12802,-12607,-12597,-12594,-12585,-12556,-12359,-12346,-12320,-12300, -12120,-12099,-12089,-12074,-12067,-12058,-12039,-11867,-11861,-11847,-11831,-11798, -11781,-11604,-11589,-11536,-11358,-11340,-11339,-11324,-11303,-11097,-11077,-11067, -11055,-11052,-11045,-11041,-11038,-11024,-11020,-11019,-11018,-11014,-10838,-10832, -10815,-10800,-10790,-10780,-10764,-10587,-10544,-10533,-10519,-10331,-10329,-10328, -10322,-10315,-10309,-10307,-10296,-10281,-10274,-10270,-10262,-10260,-10256,-10254 }; private static string[] pyName = new string[] { "A","Ai","An","Ang","Ao","Ba","Bai","Ban","Bang","Bao","Bei","Ben", "Beng","Bi","Bian","Biao","Bie","Bin","Bing","Bo","Bu","Ba","Cai","Can", "Cang","Cao","Ce","Ceng","Cha","Chai","Chan","Chang","Chao","Che","Chen","Cheng", "Chi","Chong","Chou","Chu","Chuai","Chuan","Chuang","Chui","Chun","Chuo","Ci","Cong", "Cou","Cu","Cuan","Cui","Cun","Cuo","Da","Dai","Dan","Dang","Dao","De", "Deng","Di","Dian","Diao","Die","Ding","Diu","Dong","Dou","Du","Duan","Dui", "Dun","Duo","E","En","Er","Fa","Fan","Fang","Fei","Fen","Feng","Fo", "Fou","Fu","Ga","Gai","Gan","Gang","Gao","Ge","Gei","Gen","Geng","Gong", "Gou","Gu","Gua","Guai","Guan","Guang","Gui","Gun","Guo","Ha","Hai","Han", "Hang","Hao","He","Hei","Hen","Heng","Hong","Hou","Hu","Hua","Huai","Huan", "Huang","Hui","Hun","Huo","Ji","Jia","Jian","Jiang","Jiao","Jie","Jin","Jing", "Jiong","Jiu","Ju","Juan","Jue","Jun","Ka","Kai","Kan","Kang","Kao","Ke", "Ken","Keng","Kong","Kou","Ku","Kua","Kuai","Kuan","Kuang","Kui","Kun","Kuo", "La","Lai","Lan","Lang","Lao","Le","Lei","Leng","Li","Lia","Lian","Liang", "Liao","Lie","Lin","Ling","Liu","Long","Lou","Lu","Lv","Luan","Lue","Lun", "Luo","Ma","Mai","Man","Mang","Mao","Me","Mei","Men","Meng","Mi","Mian", "Miao","Mie","Min","Ming","Miu","Mo","Mou","Mu","Na","Nai","Nan","Nang", "Nao","Ne","Nei","Nen","Neng","Ni","Nian","Niang","Niao","Nie","Nin","Ning", "Niu","Nong","Nu","Nv","Nuan","Nue","Nuo","O","Ou","Pa","Pai","Pan", "Pang","Pao","Pei","Pen","Peng","Pi","Pian","Piao","Pie","Pin","Ping","Po", "Pu","Qi","Qia","Qian","Qiang","Qiao","Qie","Qin","Qing","Qiong","Qiu","Qu", "Quan","Que","Qun","Ran","Rang","Rao","Re","Ren","Reng","Ri","Rong","Rou", "Ru","Ruan","Rui","Run","Ruo","Sa","Sai","San","Sang","Sao","Se","Sen", "Seng","Sha","Shai","Shan","Shang","Shao","She","Shen","Sheng","Shi","Shou","Shu", "Shua","Shuai","Shuan","Shuang","Shui","Shun","Shuo","Si","Song","Sou","Su","Suan", "Sui","Sun","Suo","Ta","Tai","Tan","Tang","Tao","Te","Teng","Ti","Tian", "Tiao","Tie","Ting","Tong","Tou","Tu","Tuan","Tui","Tun","Tuo","Wa","Wai", "Wan","Wang","Wei","Wen","Weng","Wo","Wu","Xi","Xia","Xian","Xiang","Xiao", "Xie","Xin","Xing","Xiong","Xiu","Xu","Xuan","Xue","Xun","Ya","Yan","Yang", "Yao","Ye","Yi","Yin","Ying","Yo","Yong","You","Yu","Yuan","Yue","Yun", "Za", "Zai","Zan","Zang","Zao","Ze","Zei","Zen","Zeng","Zha","Zhai","Zhan", "Zhang","Zhao","Zhe","Zhen","Zheng","Zhi","Zhong","Zhou","Zhu","Zhua","Zhuai","Zhuan", "Zhuang","Zhui","Zhun","Zhuo","Zi","Zong","Zou","Zu","Zuan","Zui","Zun","Zuo" }; /// <summary> /// 把汉字转换成拼音(全拼) /// </summary> /// <param name="hzString">汉字字符串</param> /// <returns>转换后的拼音(全拼)字符串</returns> public static string Convert(string hzString) { // 匹配中文字符 Regex regex = new Regex("^[\u4e00-\u9fa5]$"); byte[] array = new byte[2]; string pyString = ""; int chrAsc = 0; int i1 = 0; int i2 = 0; char[] noWChar = hzString.ToCharArray(); for (int j = 0; j < noWChar.Length; j++) { // 中文字符 if (regex.IsMatch(noWChar[j].ToString())) { array = System.Text.Encoding.Default.GetBytes(noWChar[j].ToString()); i1 = (short)(array[0]); i2 = (short)(array[1]); chrAsc = i1 * 256 + i2 - 65536; if (chrAsc > 0 && chrAsc < 160) { pyString += noWChar[j]; } else { // 修正部分文字 if (chrAsc == -9254) // 修正“圳”字 pyString += "Zhen"; else { for (int i = (pyValue.Length - 1); i >= 0; i--) { if (pyValue[i] <= chrAsc) { pyString += pyName[i]; break; } } } } } // 非中文字符 else { pyString += noWChar[j].ToString(); } } return pyString; } }
You can use the following method: from __future__ import unicode_literals from pypinyin import lazy_pinyin hanzi_list = ['如何', '将', '汉字','转为', '拼音'] pinyin_list = [''.join(lazy_pinyin(_)) for _ in hanzi_list] Output: ['ruhe', 'jiang', 'hanzi', 'zhuanwei', 'pinyin']
i had this problem and i found a solution in PHP (which could be cleaner i suppose but it works). I had some troubles because the file given in this topic is from hexa unicode. 1) Import the data from ftp://ftp.cuhk.hk/pub/chinese/ifcss/software/data/Uni2Pinyin.gz (thanks pierr) to your database or whatever 2) Import your data in an array as $pinyinArray[$hexaUnicode] = $pinyin; 3) Use this code: /* * Decimal representation of $c * function found there: http://www.cantonese.sheik.co.uk/phorum/read.php?2,19594 */ function uniord($c) { $ud = 0; if (ord($c{0})>=0 && ord($c{0})<=127) $ud = $c{0}; if (ord($c{0})>=192 && ord($c{0})<=223) $ud = (ord($c{0})-192)*64 + (ord($c{1})-128); if (ord($c{0})>=224 && ord($c{0})<=239) $ud = (ord($c{0})-224)*4096 + (ord($c{1})-128)*64 + (ord($c{2})-128); if (ord($c{0})>=240 && ord($c{0})<=247) $ud = (ord($c{0})-240)*262144 + (ord($c{1})-128)*4096 + (ord($c{2})-128)*64 + (ord($c{3})-128); if (ord($c{0})>=248 && ord($c{0})<=251) $ud = (ord($c{0})-248)*16777216 + (ord($c{1})-128)*262144 + (ord($c{2})-128)*4096 + (ord($c{3})-128)*64 + (ord($c{4})-128); if (ord($c{0})>=252 && ord($c{0})<=253) $ud = (ord($c{0})-252)*1073741824 + (ord($c{1})-128)*16777216 + (ord($c{2})-128)*262144 + (ord($c{3})-128)*4096 + (ord($c{4})-128)*64 + (ord($c{5})-128); if (ord($c{0})>=254 && ord($c{0})<=255) //error $ud = false; return $ud; } /* * Translate the $string string of a single chinese charactere to unicode */ function chineseToHexaUnicode($string) { return strtoupper(dechex(uniord($string))); } /* * */ function convertChineseToPinyin($string,$pinyinArray) { $pinyinValue = ''; for ($i = 0; $i < mb_strlen($string);$i++) $pinyinValue.=$pinyinArray[chineseToHexaUnicode(mb_substr($string, $i, 1))]; return $pinyinValue; } $string = '龙江省五大'; echo convertChineseToPinyin($string,$pinyinArray); echo: (long2)(jiang1)(sheng3,xing3)(wu3)(da4,dai4) Of course, $pinyinArray is your array of data (hexoUnicode => pinyin) Hope it will help someone.
If you use Visual Studio, this might be an option: Microsoft.International.Converters.PinYinConverter How to install: First, download the Visual Studio International Pack 2.0, Official Download. Once the download is complete install the run file VSIPSetup.msi installation (x86 operating system on the default installation directory (C:\Program Files\Microsoft Visual Studio International Feature Pack 2.0). After installation, you need to add a reference in VS, respectively reference: C:\Program Files\Microsoft Visual Studio International Pack\Simplified Chinese Pin-Yin Conversion Library (Pinyin) and C:\Program Files\Microsoft Visual Studio International Pack\Traditional Chinese to Simplified Chinese Conversion Library and Add-In Tool (Traditional and Simplified Huzhuan to) How to use: public static string GetPinyin(string str) { string r = string.Empty; foreach (char obj in str) { try { ChineseChar chineseChar = new ChineseChar(obj); string t = chineseChar.Pinyins[0].ToString(); r += t.Substring(0, t.Length - 1); } catch { r += obj.ToString(); } } return r; } Source: http://www.programering.com/a/MzM3cTMwATA.html
Converting non-decimal numbers to another non-decimal
Not that it's a lot of work, but the only way I know to convert a non-decimal to another non-decimal is by converting the number to decimal first, then take a second step to convert it to a new base. For example, to convert 456 (in base 7) to 567 (in base 8), I would calculate the decimal value of 456, then convert that value into base 8... Is there a better way to go directly from 7 to 8? or any base to any other base for that matter? Here's what I have: //source_lang and target_lang are just the numeric symbols, they would be "0123456789" if they were decimal, and "0123456789abcdef" if hex. private string translate(string num, string source_lang, string target_lang) { int b10 = 0; string rv = ""; for (int i=num.Length-1; i>=0; i--){ b10 += source_lang.IndexOf( num[i] ) * ((int)Math.Pow(source_lang.Length, num.Length -1 - i)); } while (b10 > 0) { rv = target_lang[b10 % target_lang.Length] + rv; b10 /= target_lang.Length; } return rv; }
You're not really converting into base 10. You're converting it into a numeric data type instead of a string representation. If anything, you're converting it into binary :) It's worth distinguishing between "an integer" (which doesn't intrinsically have a base) and "the textual representation of an integer" (which does). That seems like a sensible way to go, IMO. However, your conversion routines certainly aren't particularly efficient. I would separate out your code into Parse and Format methods, then the Convert method can be something like: public static string Convert(string text, int sourceBase, int targetBase) { int number = Parse(text, sourceBase); return Format(number, targetBase); } (You can use a string to represent the different bases if you want, of course. If you really need that sort of flexibility though, I'd be tempted to create a new class to represent a "numeric representation". That class should probably be the one to have Parse, Format and Convert in it.)