Yesterday, I started making a chess program and, trying to save 60-odd lines, decided to try my hand at batch variable assignment. That is, assigning variables through loops. I can't seem to join spot_def_letters[i] with o_s in the correct fashion, though. ($board is scoped for later use)
My code:
spot_def_letters = ["a", "b", "c", "d", "e", "f", "g", "h"]
8.times do
i = 0
o = 1
8.times do
o_s = o.to_s
spot_def_letters[i] + o_s = " "
o += 1
end
end
$board = """
| | | | | | |
#{a8}|#{b8}|#{c8}|#{d8}|#{e8}|#{f8}|#{g8}|#{h8}
| | | | | | |
#{a7}|#{b7}|#{c7}|#{d7}|#{e7}|#{f7}|#{g7}|#{h7}
| | | | | | |
#{a6}|#{b6}|#{c6}|#{d6}|#{e6}|#{f6}|#{g6}|#{h6}
| | | | | | |
#{a5}|#{b5}|#{c5}|#{d5}|#{e5}|#{f5}|#{g5}|#{h5}
| | | | | | |
#{a4}|#{b4}|#{c4}|#{d4}|#{e4}|#{f4}|#{g4}|#{h4}
| | | | | | |
#{a3}|#{b3}|#{c3}|#{d3}|#{e3}|#{f3}|#{g3}|#{h3}
| | | | | | |
#{a2}|#{b2}|#{c2}|#{d2}|#{e2}|#{f2}|#{g2}|#{h2}
| | | | | | |
#{a1}|#{b1}|#{c1}|#{d1}|#{e1}|#{f1}|#{g1}|#{h1}
"""
instead of indexing into string arrays and using a bunch of sneaky, bad-looking code, I decided to use a 64-value array (spots = Array.new(64, " ")) and puts those values.
Related
My file looks as follows:
+------------------------------------------+---------------+----------------+------------------+------------------+-----------------+
| Message | Status | Adress | Changes | Test | Calibration |
|------------------------------------------+---------------+----------------+------------------+------------------+-----------------|
| Hello World | Active | up | 1 | up | done |
| Hello Everyone Here | Passive | up | 2 | down | none |
| Hi there. My name is Eric. How are you? | Down | up | 3 | inactive | done |
+------------------------------------------+---------------+----------------+------------------+------------------+-----------------+
+----------------------------+---------------+----------------+------------------+------------------+-----------------+
| Message | Status | Adress | Changes | Test | Calibration |
|----------------------------+---------------+----------------+------------------+------------------+-----------------|
| What's up? | Active | up | 1 | up | done |
| Hi. I'm Otilia | Passive | up | 2 | down | none |
| Hi there. This is Marcus | Up | up | 3 | inactive | done |
+----------------------------+---------------+----------------+------------------+------------------+-----------------+
I want to extract a specific column using AWK.
I can use CUT to do it; however when the length of each table varies depending on how many characters are present in each column, I'm not getting the desired output.
cat File.txt | cut -c -44
+------------------------------------------+
| Message |
|------------------------------------------+
| Hello World |
| Hello Everyone Here |
| Hi there. My name is Eric. How are you? |
+------------------------------------------+
+----------------------------+--------------
| Message | Status
|----------------------------+--------------
| What's up? | Active
| Hi. I'm Otilia | Passive
| Hi there. This is Marcus | Up
+----------------------------+--------------
or
cat File.txt | cut -c 44-60
+---------------+
| Status |
+---------------+
| Active |
| Passive |
| Down |
+---------------+
--+--------------
| Adress
--+--------------
| up
| up
| up
--+--------------
I tried using AWK but I don't know how to add 2 different delimiters which would take care of all the lines.
cat File.txt | awk 'BEGIN {FS="|";}{print $2,$3}'
Message Status
------------------------------------------+---------------+----------------+------------------+------------------+-----------------
Hello World Active
Hello Everyone Here Passive
Hi there. My name is Eric. How are you? Down
Message Status
----------------------------+---------------+----------------+------------------+------------------+-----------------
What's up? Active
Hi. I'm Otilia Passive
Hi there. This is Marcus Up
The output I'm looking for:
+------------------------------------------+
| Message |
|------------------------------------------+
| Hello World |
| Hello Everyone Here |
| Hi there. My name is Eric. How are you? |
+------------------------------------------+
+----------------------------+
| Message |
|----------------------------+
| What's up? |
| Hi. I'm Otilia |
| Hi there. This is Marcus |
+----------------------------+
or
+------------------------------------------+---------------+
| Message | Status |
|------------------------------------------+---------------+
| Hello World | Active |
| Hello Everyone Here | Passive |
| Hi there. My name is Eric. How are you? | Down |
+------------------------------------------+---------------+
+----------------------------+---------------+
| Message | Status |
|----------------------------+---------------+
| What's up? | Active |
| Hi. I'm Otilia | Passive |
| Hi there. This is Marcus | Up |
+----------------------------+---------------+
or random other columns
+------------------------------------------+----------------+------------------+
| Message | Adress | Test |
|------------------------------------------+----------------+------------------+
| Hello World | up | up |
| Hello Everyone Here | up | down |
| Hi there. My name is Eric. How are you? | up | inactive |
+------------------------------------------+----------------+------------------+
+----------------------------+---------------+------------------+
| Message |Adress | Test |
|----------------------------+---------------+------------------+
| What's up? |up | up |
| Hi. I'm Otilia |up | down |
| Hi there. This is Marcus |up | inactive |
+----------------------------+---------------+------------------+
Thanks in advance.
One idea using GNU awk:
awk -v fldlist="2,3" '
BEGIN { fldcnt=split(fldlist,fields,",") } # split fldlist into array fields[]
{ split($0,arr,/[|+]/,seps) # split current line on dual delimiters "|" and "+"
for (i=1;i<=fldcnt;i++) # loop through our array of fields (fldlist)
printf "%s%s", seps[fields[i]-1], arr[fields[i]] # print leading separator/delimiter and field
printf "%s\n", seps[fields[fldcnt]] # print trailing separator/delimiter and terminate line
}
' File.txt
NOTES:
requires GNU awk for the 4th argument to the split() function (seps == array of separators; see gawk string functions for details)
assumes our field delimiters (|, +) do not show up as part of the data
the input variable fldlist is a comma-delimited list of columns that mimics what would be passed to cut (eg, when a line starts with a delimiter then field #1 is blank)
For fldlist="2,3" this generates:
+------------------------------------------+---------------+
| Message | Status |
|------------------------------------------+---------------+
| Hello World | Active |
| Hello Everyone Here | Passive |
| Hi there. My name is Eric. How are you? | Down |
+------------------------------------------+---------------+
+----------------------------+---------------+
| Message | Status |
|----------------------------+---------------+
| What's up? | Active |
| Hi. I'm Otilia | Passive |
| Hi there. This is Marcus | Up |
+----------------------------+---------------+
For fldlist="2,4,6" this generates:
+------------------------------------------+----------------+------------------+
| Message | Adress | Test |
|------------------------------------------+----------------+------------------+
| Hello World | up | up |
| Hello Everyone Here | up | down |
| Hi there. My name is Eric. How are you? | up | inactive |
+------------------------------------------+----------------+------------------+
+----------------------------+----------------+------------------+
| Message | Adress | Test |
|----------------------------+----------------+------------------+
| What's up? | up | up |
| Hi. I'm Otilia | up | down |
| Hi there. This is Marcus | up | inactive |
+----------------------------+----------------+------------------+
For fldlist="4,3,2" this generates:
+----------------+---------------+------------------------------------------+
| Adress | Status | Message |
+----------------+---------------|------------------------------------------+
| up | Active | Hello World |
| up | Passive | Hello Everyone Here |
| up | Down | Hi there. My name is Eric. How are you? |
+----------------+---------------+------------------------------------------+
+----------------+---------------+----------------------------+
| Adress | Status | Message |
+----------------+---------------|----------------------------+
| up | Active | What's up? |
| up | Passive | Hi. I'm Otilia |
| up | Up | Hi there. This is Marcus |
+----------------+---------------+----------------------------+
Say that again? (fldlist="3,3,3"):
+---------------+---------------+---------------+
| Status | Status | Status |
+---------------+---------------+---------------+
| Active | Active | Active |
| Passive | Passive | Passive |
| Down | Down | Down |
+---------------+---------------+---------------+
+---------------+---------------+---------------+
| Status | Status | Status |
+---------------+---------------+---------------+
| Active | Active | Active |
| Passive | Passive | Passive |
| Up | Up | Up |
+---------------+---------------+---------------+
And if you make the mistake of trying to print the '1st' column, ie, fldlist="1":
+
|
|
|
|
|
+
+
|
|
|
|
|
+
If GNU awk is available, please try markp-fuso's nice solution.
If not, here is a posix-compliant alternative:
#!/bin/bash
# define bash variables
cols=(2 3 6) # bash array of desired columns
col_list=$(IFS=,; echo "${cols[*]}") # create a csv string
awk -v cols="$col_list" '
NR==FNR {
if (match($0, /^[|+]/)) { # the record contains a table
if (match($0, /^[|+]-/)) # horizontally ruled line
n = split($0, a, /[|+]/) # split into columns
else # "cell" line
n = split($0, a, /\|/)
len = 0
for (i = 1; i < n; i++) {
len += length(a[i]) + 1 # accumulated column position
pos[FNR, i] = len
}
}
next
}
{
n = split(cols, a, /,/) # split the variable `cols` on comma into an array
for (i = 1; i <= n; i++) {
col = a[i]
if (pos[FNR, col] && pos[FNR, col+1]) {
printf("%s", substr($0, pos[FNR, col], pos[FNR, col + 1] - pos[FNR, col]))
}
}
print(substr($0, pos[FNR, col + 1], 1))
}
' file.txt file.txt
Result with cols=(2 3 6) as shown above:
+---------------+----------------+-----------------+
| Status | Adress | Calibration |
+---------------+----------------+-----------------|
| Active | up | done |
| Passive | up | none |
| Down | up | done |
+---------------+----------------+-----------------+
+---------------+----------------+-----------------+
| Status | Adress | Calibration |
+---------------+----------------+-----------------|
| Active | up | done |
| Passive | up | none |
| Up | up | done |
+---------------+----------------+-----------------+
It detects the column width in the 1st pass then splits the line on the column position in the 2nd pass.
You can control the columns to print with the bash array cols which is assigned at the beginning of the script. Please assign the array to the list of desired column numbers in increasing order. If you want to use the bash variable in different way, please let me know.
I have:
hash = {"1"=>["A", "B", "C", ... "Z"], "2"=>["B", "C"], "3"=>["A", "C"]
My goal is to use hash as a source for creating a CSV with columns whose names are a letter of the alphabet and with rows hash(key) = 1,2,3 etc.
I created an array of all hash.values.unshift("")values that serve as row 1 (columns labels).
desired output:
| A | B | C | ... | Z |
1| A | B | C | ... | Z |
2| | B | C | ....... |
3| A | | C | ....... |
Creating CSV:
CSV.open("groups.csv", 'w') do |csv|
csv << row1
hash.each do |v|
csv << v.flatten
end
end
This makes the CSV look almost what I want but There is no spacing to get columns to align.
Any advice on how to make a method for modifying my hash that compares my all [A-Z] against each subsequent hash key (rows) to insert empty strings to provide spacing?
Can Class CSV do it better?
Something like this?
require 'csv'
ALPHA = ('A'..'Z').to_a.freeze
hash={"1"=>ALPHA, "2"=>["B", "C"], "3"=>["A", "C"]}
csv = CSV.generate("", col_sep: "|") do |csv|
csv << [" "] + ALPHA # header
hash.each do |k, v|
alphabet = ALPHA.map { |el| [el, 0] }.to_h
v.each { |el| alphabet[el] += 1 }
csv << [k, *alphabet.map { |k, val| val == 1 ? k : " " }]
end
end
csv.split("\n").each { |row| puts row }
output:
|A|B|C|D|E|F|G|H|I|J|K|L|M|N|O|P|Q|R|S|T|U|V|W|X|Y|Z
1|A|B|C|D|E|F|G|H|I|J|K|L|M|N|O|P|Q|R|S|T|U|V|W|X|Y|Z
2| |B|C| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
3|A| |C| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
If your values are truly single characters and don't need the CSV escaping, then I recommend bypassing CSV altogether and building the string in plain Ruby.
Assuming you want to align your lines correctly regardless of the number of digits in the row number (e.g. 1, 10, and 100), you can use printf style formatting to guarantee horizontal aligment (assuming your row number width never exceeds the value of ROWNUM_WIDTH).
By the way, I changed the hash's keys to integers, hope that's ok.
#!/usr/bin/env ruby
FIELDS = ('A'..'Z').to_a
DATA = { 1 => FIELDS, 2 => %w(B C), 3 => %w(A C) }
ROWNUM_WIDTH = 3
output = ' ' * ROWNUM_WIDTH + " | #{FIELDS.join(' | ')} |\n"
DATA.each do |rownum, values|
line = "%*d | " % [ROWNUM_WIDTH, rownum]
FIELDS.each do |field|
char = values.include?(field) ? field : ' '
line << "#{char} | "
end
output << line << "\n"
end
puts output
=begin
Outputs:
| A | B | C | D | E | F | G | H | I | J | K | L | M | N | O | P | Q | R | S | T | U | V | W | X | Y | Z |
1 | A | B | C | D | E | F | G | H | I | J | K | L | M | N | O | P | Q | R | S | T | U | V | W | X | Y | Z |
2 | | B | C | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
3 | A | | C | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
=end
all = [*?A..?Z]
hash = {"1"=>[*?A..?Z], "2"=>["B", "C"], "3"=>["A", "C"]}
hash.map do |k, v|
[k, *all.map { |k| v.include?(k) ? k : ' ' }]
end.unshift([' ', *all]).
map { |row| row.join('|') }
#⇒ [
# [0] " |A|B|C|D|E|F|G|H|I|J|K|L|M|N|O|P|Q|R|S|T|U|V|W|X|Y|Z",
# [1] "1|A|B|C|D|E|F|G|H|I|J|K|L|M|N|O|P|Q|R|S|T|U|V|W|X|Y|Z",
# [2] "2| |B|C| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | ",
# [3] "3|A| |C| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | "
# ]
I am doing a simple strings.Split on a date.
The format is 2015-10-04
month := strings.Split(date, "-")
output is [2015 10 03].
If I do month[0] it returns 2015 but when I do month[1], it returns
panic: runtime error: index out of range
Though it clearly isn't. Am I using it wrong? Any idea what is going on?
Here's a complete working example:
package main
import "strings"
func main() {
date := "2015-01-02"
month := strings.Split(date, "-")
println(month[0])
println(month[1])
println(month[2])
}
Output:
2015
01
02
Playground
Perhaps you're not using the correct "dash" character? There are lots:
+-------+--------+----------+
| glyph | codes |
+-------+--------+----------+
| - | U+002D | - |
| ֊ | U+058A | ֊ |
| ־ | U+05BE | ־ |
| ᠆ | U+1806 | ᠆ |
| ‐ | U+2010 | ‐ |
| ‑ | U+2011 | ‑ |
| ‒ | U+2012 | ‒ |
| – | U+2013 | – |
| — | U+2014 | — |
| ― | U+2015 | ― |
| ⁻ | U+207B | ⁻ |
| ₋ | U+208B | ₋ |
| − | U+2212 | − |
| ﹘ | U+FE58 | ﹘ |
| ﹣ | U+FE63 | ﹣ |
| － | U+FF0D | － |
+-------+--------+----------+
Here is the code with a different input string, which also throws an index out of bounds exception:
package main
import "strings"
func main() {
date := "2015‐01‐02" // U+2010 dashes
month := strings.Split(date, "-")
println(month[0])
println(month[1])
println(month[2])
}
Playground.
I have a table I am generating in sphinx for comparing constructs in different languages. I would like to have the cells contain code blocks in each language and have it come out looking like code (at least in a monospaced font). What I have so far is:
+-----------------------------+------------------------+
| Haskell | Scala |
+=============================+========================+
| | do var1<- expn1 | | for {var1 <- expn1; |
| | var2 <- expn2 | | var2 <- expn2; |
| | expn3 | | result <- expn3 |
| | | } yield result |
+-----------------------------+------------------------+
| | do var1 <- expn1 | | for {var1 <- expn1; |
| | var2 <- expn2 | | var2 <- expn2; |
| | return expn3 | | } yield expn3 |
+-----------------------------+------------------------+
| | do var1 <- expn1 >> expn2 | | for {_ <- expn1; |
| | return expn3 | | var1 <- expn2 |
| | | } yield expn3 |
+-----------------------------+------------------------+
This, at least preserves line breaks but it comes out in the same font as the rest of the document which is a little annoying.
Is there any way to convert the cells to some better format?
Did you try using the .. code-block:: directive?
This works fine on my PC using Sphinx 1.4.1:
+----------------------------------+----------------------------------+
| Tweedledee | Tweedledum |
+----------------------------------+----------------------------------+
| .. code-block:: c | .. code-block:: c |
| :caption: foo.c | :caption: bar.c |
| | |
| extern int bar(int y); | extern int foo(int x); |
| int foo(int x) | int bar(int y) |
| { | { |
| return x > 0 ? bar(x-1)+1 | return y > 0 ? foo(x-1)*2 |
| : 0; | : 0; |
| } | } |
+----------------------------------+----------------------------------+
Here's what I'm trying to do. I'm iterating through an array of strings, each of which may contain [] multiple times. I want to use String#match as many times as necessary to process every occurrence. So I have an Array#each block, and nested within that is an infinite loop that should break only when I run out of matches for a given string.
def follow(c, dir)
case c
when "\\"
dir.rotate!
when "/"
dir.rotate!.map! {|x| -x}
end
return dir
end
def parse(ar)
ar.each_with_index { |s, i|
idx = 0
while true do
t = s.match(/\[[ ]*([a-zA-Z]+)[ ]*\]/) { |m|
idx = m.end 0
r = m[1]
s[m.begin(0)...idx] = " "*m[0].size
a = [i, idx]
dir = [0, 1]
c = ar[a[0]][a[1]]
while !c.nil? do
dir = follow c, dir
ar[a[0]][a[1]] = " "
a[0] += dir[0]; a[1] += dir[1]
c = ar[a[0]][a[1]]
if c == ">" then
ar[a[0]][a[1]+1] = r; c=nil
elsif c == "<" then
ar[a[0]][a[1]-r.size] = r; c=nil
end
end
ar[a[0]][a[1]] = " "
puts ar
}
if t == nil then break; end
end
}
parse File.new("test", "r").to_a
Contents of test:
+--------+----------+-------------+
| Colors | Foods | Countries |
+--------+----------+-------------+
| red | pizza | Switzerland |
/--> /----> | |
| |[kale]/ | hot dogs | Brazil |
| | <----------------------\ |
| | orange |[yellow]\ | [green]/ |
| +--------+--------|-+-------------+
\-------------------/
Goal:
+--------+----------+-------------+
| Colors | Foods | Countries |
+--------+----------+-------------+
| red | pizza | Switzerland |
yellow kale | |
| | hot dogs | Brazil |
| green |
| orange | | |
+--------+-------- -+-------------+
Actual output of program:
+--------+----------+-------------+
| Colors | Foods | Countries |
+--------+----------+-------------+
| red | pizza | Switzerland |
yellow kale | |
| | hot dogs | Brazil |
| <----------------------\ |
| orange | | [green]/ |
+--------+-------- -+-------------+
(Since the array is modified in place, I figure there is no need to update the match index.) The inner loop should run again for each pair of [] I find, but instead I only get one turn per array entry. (It seems that the t=match... bit isn't the problem, but I could be wrong.) How can I fix this?