May I search among some fields, but use another field's matching score for sorting? - elasticsearch

Question

I have some documents like this
{"id":1,"city":"London","content":"soccer","continent":"Europe"},
{"id":2,"city":"New York","content":"basketball","continent":"North America"},
{"id":3,"city":"Tokyo","content":"baseball","continent":"Asia"},
...
I need to search keywords among some fields(excluding city field), e.g. a query like
{
"query": {
"bool": {
"should": [ //SHOULD_CLAUSE
"match": {
"continent": "America"
},
"term": {
"content": "soccer"
}
]
}
}
}
To make the results more "personalized", I want to make matched documents whose city field is the same as the visiting user's city property.
However, if I make city as a query field(something like "match":{"city":"Tokyo"}) in should boolean clause, it may return some documents that only match the city field, which mismatch the fields I need to search. When using boost to make city field more "important" for sorting things goes worse.
How can I achieve my goal?
It seems that a possible way write the SHOULD_CLAUSE part twice and make one of it combined with city clause using and
{
"query": {
"bool": {
"should": [{
"bool": {
"must": [{
"bool": {
SHOULD_CLAUSE
}
}, {
"match": {
"city": {
"query": "Tokyo",
"boost": 4.0
}
}
}]
}
}, {
"bool": {
SHOULD_CLAUSE
}
}]
}
}
}
But under the real circumstance the SHOULD_CLAUSE part may be more complicated and the whole query seems too long to write. I wonder if there is a better way.

Answer 1

If you want to have only result matching your user city, you should wrap your should query into a must query, something like :
{
"query": {
"bool": {
"must": [{
"bool": {
"should": [{
SHOULD_CLAUSE_1
}, {
SHOULD_CLAUSE_2
}]
}
}, {
"match": {
"city": "Tokyo"
}
}]
}
}
}