Is it possible to move certain columns from one .txt file into another .txt file?
I have a .txt that contains:
USERID:ORDER#:IP:PHONE:ADDRESS:POSTCODE
USERID:ORDER#:IP:PHONE:ADDRESS:POSTCODE
With gawk I want to extract ADDRESS & POSTCODE columns into another .txt, so for this given file the output should be:
ADDRESS1:POSTCODE1
ADDRESS2:POSTCODE2
etc.
This is a classic AWK transform. You want to use "-F :" to specify that the input is delimited by ":" and print a new ":" on output:
awk -F: '{ print $5 ":" $6 }' <input.txt >output.txt
Try that:
awk -F: '{printf "%s:%s ",$5,$6}' ex.txt
input is
USERID:ORDER#:IP:PHONE:ADDRESS1:POSTCODE1
USERID:ORDER#:IP:PHONE:ADDRESS2:POSTCODE2
output is (on one line if I understand correctly)
ADDRESS1:POSTCODE1 ADDRESS2:POSTCODE2
only default is that it ends with a trailing space and does not end with a newline.
Which can be fixed with the slightly more complex (but still readable):
awk -F: 'BEGIN {z=0;} {if (z==1) { printf " "; } ; z=1; printf "%s:%s",$5,$6} END{printf"\n"}' ex.txt
awk -F: 'NR==1 {print $5"1:"$6"1"};NR==2 {print $5"2:"$6"2"}' file
ADDRESS1:POSTCODE1
ADDRESS2:POSTCODE2
Related
I have the following files:
data.txt
Estring|0006|this_is_some_random_text|more_text
Fstring|0010|random_combination_of_characters
Fstring|0028|again_here
allids.txt (here the columns are separated by semicolon; the real input is tab-delimited)
Estring|0006;MAR0593
Fstring|0002;MAR0592
Fstring|0028;MAR1195
please note: data.txt: the important part is here the first two "columns" = name|number)
Now I want to use awk to search the first part (name|number) of data.txt in allids.txt and output the second column (starting with MAR)
so my expected output would be (again tab-delimited):
Estring|0006|this_is_some_random_text|more_text;MAR0593
Fstring|0010|random_combination_of_characters
Fstring|0028|again_here;MAR1195
I do not know now how to search that first conserved part within awk, the rest should then be:
awk 'BEGIN{FS=OFS="\t"} FNR == NR { a[$1] = $1; next } $1 in a { print a[$0], [$1] }' data.txt allids.txt
I would use a set of field delimiters, like this:
awk -F'[|\t;]' 'NR==FNR{a[$1"|"$2]=$0; next}
$1"|"$2 in a {print a[$1"|"$2]"\t"$NF}' data.txt allids.txt
In your real-data example you can remove the ;. It is in here just to be able to reproduce the example in the question.
Here is another awk that uses a different field separator for both files:
awk -F ';' 'NR==FNR{a[$1]=FS $2; next} {k=$1 FS $2}
k in a{$0=$0 a[k]} 1' allids.txt FS='|' data.txt
Estring|0006|this_is_some_random_text|more_text;MAR0593
Fstring|0010|random_combination_of_characters
Fstring|0028|again_here;MAR1195
This command uses ; as FS for allids.txt and uses | as FS for data.txt.
I have semicolon-separated columns, and I would like to add some characters to a specific column.
aaa;111;bbb
ccc;222;ddd
eee;333;fff
to the second column I want to add '#', so the output should be;
aaa;#111;bbb
ccc;#222;ddd
eee;#333;fff
I tried
awk -F';' -OFS=';' '{ $2 = "#" $2}1' file
It adds the character but removes all semicolons with space.
You could use sed to do your job:
# replaces just the first occurrence of ';', note the absence of `g` that
# would have made it a global replacement
sed 's/;/;#/' file > file.out
or, to do it in place:
sed -i 's/;/;#/' file
Or, use awk:
awk -F';' '{$2 = "#"$2}1' OFS=';' file
All the above commands result in the same output for your example file:
aaa;#111;bbb
ccc;#222;ddd
eee;#333;fff
#atb: Try:
1st:
awk -F";" '{print $1 FS "#" $2 FS $3}' Input_file
Above will work only when your Input_file has 3 fields only.
2nd:
awk -F";" -vfield=2 '{$field="#"$field} 1' OFS=";" Input_file
Above code you could put any field number and could make it as per your request.
Here I am making field separator as ";" and then taking a variable named field which will have the field number in it and then that concatenating "#" in it's value and 1 is for making condition TRUE and not making and action so by default print action will happen of current line.
You just misunderstood how to set variables. Change -OFS to -v OFS:
awk -F';' -v OFS=';' '{ $2 = "#" $2 }1' file
but in reality you should set them both to the same value at one time:
awk 'BEGIN{FS=OFS=";"} { $2 = "#" $2 }1' file
I have an input file like below. The issue is that the file is pipe delimited and enclosed by double quotes, optionally. It is missed in the third field at the end of the string and I could see that it happens whenever the length exceeds say 2.
"SER1828"|"ZXC"|"A1"|10002
"SER1878"|"IOP"|"B1"|98989
"SER1930"|"QWE"|"A2"|10301
"SER1930"|"QWE"|"Asdf2|10301 # 3rd field -> closing " missed out
The output should look like
"SER1828"|"ZXC"|"A1"|10002
"SER1878"|"IOP"|"B1"|98989
"SER1930"|"QWE"|"A2"|10301
"SER1930"|"QWE"|"Asdf2"|10301
I was trying with some awk commands but could not achieve it.
awk -F'|' -v q=\" '{$3=$3 q;}1' OFS=| temp
awk -F'|' -v q=\" '{if (length($3) > 2) ($3=$3;}1)}' OFS='|' temp
Using awk you can write,
awk -F'"?\\|' -vOFS='"|' '{print $1, $2, $3, $4}'
Example
awk -F'"?\\|' -vOFS='"|' '{print $1, $2, $3, $4}' input
"SER1828"|"ZXC"|"A1"|10002
"SER1878"|"IOP"|"B1"|98989
"SER1930"|"QWE"|"A2"|10301
"SER1930"|"QWE"|"Asdf2"|10301
What it does?
-F'"?\\|' Sets the input field separator to either "| or |
-vOFS='"|' Sets the output filed separator to "|. This is set always, that is even if the input field separator is | or "|
Or you can also write
awk -F'"?\|' -vOFS='"|' '1' input
Here 1 is always evaluated to true, in which case it will print the entire line.
awk -F'"?\\|' -vOFS='"|' '1' input
or
awk -F'"?\\|' -vOFS='"|' '{$1=$1}1' input
See #Kent's comment.
EDIT
If you want to add the quoting only for the third filed based on the length, you can write something like
awk -F'|' -vOFS='|' '{print $1, $2, $3(length($3)>4 ? "\"" : ""), $4}'
this sed one-liner works for given example:
sed 's/\([^"]\)|"/\1"|"/' file # this only works for the original example
This works for the original and current example:
sed 's/\([^"]\)|/\1"|/' file
awk '{sub(/Asdf2/,"Asdf2\"")}1' file
"SER1828"|"ZXC"|"A1"|10002
"SER1878"|"IOP"|"B1"|98989
"SER1930"|"QWE"|"A2"|10301
"SER1930"|"QWE"|"Asdf2"|10301
I have a file
[root#nmk~]# cat file
abc>
sssd>
were>
I run both these variations of the awk commands
[root#nmk~]# cat file | awk -F\> ' { print $1}' OFS=','
abc
sssd
were
[root#nmk~]# cat file | awk -F\> ' BEGIN { OFS=","} { print $1}'
abc
sssd
were
[root#nmk~]#
But my expected output is
abc,sssd,were
What's missing in my commands ?
You're just a bit confused about the meaning/use of FS, OFS, RS and ORS. Take another look at the man page. I think this is what you were trying to do:
$ awk -F'>' -v ORS=',' '{print $1}' file
abc,sssd,were,$
but this is probably closer to the output you really want:
$ awk -F'>' '{rec = rec (NR>1?",":"") $1} END{print rec}' file
abc,sssd,were
or if you don't want to buffer the whole output as a string:
$ awk -F'>' '{printf "%s%s", (NR>1?",":""), $1} END{print ""}' file
abc,sssd,were
awk -F\> -v ORS="" 'NR>1{print ","$1;next}{print $1}' file
to print newline at the end:
awk -F\> -v ORS="" 'NR>1{print ","$1;next}{print $1} END{print "\n"}' file
output:
abc,sssd,were
Each line of input in awk is a record, so what you want to set is the Output Record Separator, ORS. The OFS variable holds the Output Field Separator, which is used to separate different parts of each line.
Since you are setting the input field separator, FS, to >, and OFS to ,, an easy way to see how these work is to add something on each line of your file after the >:
awk 'BEGIN { FS=">"; OFS=","} {$1=$1} 1' <<<$'abc>def\nsssd>dsss\nwere>wolf'
abc,def
sssd,dsss
were,wolf
So you want to set the ORS. The default record separator is newline, so whatever you set ORS to effectively replaces the newlines in the input. But that means that if the last line of input has a newline - which is usually the a case - that last line will also get a copy of your new ORS:
awk 'BEGIN { FS=">"; ORS=","} 1' <<<$'abc>def\nsssd>dsss\nwere>wolf'
abc>def,sssd>dsss,were>wolf,
It also won't get a newline at all, because that newline was interpreted as an input record separator and turned into the output record separator - it became the final comma.
So you have to be a little more explicit about what you're trying to do:
awk 'BEGIN { FS=">" } # split input on >
(NR>1) { printf "," } # if not the first line, print a ,
{ printf "%s", $1 } # print the first field (everything up to the first >)
END { printf "\n" } # add a newline at the end
' <<<$'abc>\nsssd>\nwere>'
Which outputs this:
abc,sssd,were
Through sed,
$ sed ':a;N;$!ba;s/>\n/,/g;s/>$//' file
abc,sssd,were
Through Perl,
$ perl -00pe 's/>\n(?=.)/,/g;s/>$//' file
abc,sssd,were
I have a line like:
one:two:three:four:five:six seven:eight
and I want to use awk to get $1 to be one and $2 to be two:three:four:five:six seven:eight
I know I can get it by doing sed before. That is to change the first occurrence of : with sed then awk it using the new delimiter.
However replacing the delimiter with a new one would not help me since I can not guarantee that the new delimiter will not already be somewhere in the text.
I want to know if there is an option to get awk to behave this way
So something like:
awk -F: '{print $1,$2}'
will print:
one two:three:four:five:six seven:eight
I will also want to do some manipulations on $1 and $2 so I don't want just to substitute the first occurrence of :.
Without any substitutions
echo "one:two:three:four:five" | awk -F: '{ st = index($0,":");print $1 " " substr($0,st+1)}'
The index command finds the first occurance of the ":" in the whole string, so in this case the variable st would be set to 4. I then use substr function to grab all the rest of the string from starting from position st+1, if no end number supplied it'll go to the end of the string. The output being
one two:three:four:five
If you want to do further processing you could always set the string to a variable for further processing.
rem = substr($0,st+1)
Note this was tested on Solaris AWK but I can't see any reason why this shouldn't work on other flavours.
Some like this?
echo "one:two:three:four:five:six" | awk '{sub(/:/," ")}1'
one two:three:four:five:six
This replaces the first : to space.
You can then later get it into $1, $2
echo "one:two:three:four:five:six" | awk '{sub(/:/," ")}1' | awk '{print $1,$2}'
one two:three:four:five:six
Or in same awk, so even with substitution, you get $1 and $2 the way you like
echo "one:two:three:four:five:six" | awk '{sub(/:/," ");$1=$1;print $1,$2}'
one two:three:four:five:six
EDIT:
Using a different separator you can get first one as filed $1 and rest in $2 like this:
echo "one:two:three:four:five:six seven:eight" | awk -F\| '{sub(/:/,"|");$1=$1;print "$1="$1 "\n$2="$2}'
$1=one
$2=two:three:four:five:six seven:eight
Unique separator
echo "one:two:three:four:five:six seven:eight" | awk -F"#;#." '{sub(/:/,"#;#.");$1=$1;print "$1="$1 "\n$2="$2}'
$1=one
$2=two:three:four:five:six seven:eight
The closest you can get with is with GNU awk's FPAT:
$ awk '{print $1}' FPAT='(^[^:]+)|(:.*)' file
one
$ awk '{print $2}' FPAT='(^[^:]+)|(:.*)' file
:two:three:four:five:six seven:eight
But $2 will include the leading delimiter but you could use substr to fix that:
$ awk '{print substr($2,2)}' FPAT='(^[^:]+)|(:.*)' file
two:three:four:five:six seven:eight
So putting it all together:
$ awk '{print $1, substr($2,2)}' FPAT='(^[^:]+)|(:.*)' file
one two:three:four:five:six seven:eight
Storing the results of the substr back in $2 will allow further processing on $2 without the leading delimiter:
$ awk '{$2=substr($2,2); print $1,$2}' FPAT='(^[^:]+)|(:.*)' file
one two:three:four:five:six seven:eight
A solution that should work with mawk 1.3.3:
awk '{n=index($0,":");s=$0;$1=substr(s,1,n-1);$2=substr(s,n+1);print $1}' FS='\0'
one
awk '{n=index($0,":");s=$0;$1=substr(s,1,n-1);$2=substr(s,n+1);print $2}' FS='\0'
two:three:four five:six:seven
awk '{n=index($0,":");s=$0;$1=substr(s,1,n-1);$2=substr(s,n+1);print $1,$2}' FS='\0'
one two:three:four five:six:seven
Just throwing this on here as a solution I came up with where I wanted to split the first two columns on : but keep the rest of the line intact.
Comments inline.
echo "a:b:c:d::e" | \
awk '{
split($0,f,":"); # split $0 into array of fields `f`
sub(/^([^:]+:){2}/,"",$0); # remove first two "fields" from `$0`
print f[1],f[2],$0 # print first two elements of `f` and edited `$0`
}'
Returns:
a b c:d::e
In my input I didn't have to worry about the first two fields containing escaped :, if that was a requirement, this solution wouldn't work as expected.
Amended to match the original requirements:
echo "a:b:c:d::e" | \
awk '{
split($0,f,":");
sub(/^([^:]+:)/,"",$0);
print f[1],$0
}'
Returns:
a b:c:d::e