How do I recompile Chocolatey virtual packages? - windows

I'm reading the tutorial on recompiling packages so I can use them in my own repo, but when I get to this part:
Next, open tools\chocolateyInstall.ps1.
Install-ChocolateyZipPackage 'notepadplusplus.commandline' 'https://notepad-plus-plus.org/repository/6.x/6.8.7/npp.6.8.7.bin.zip' "$(Split-Path -parent $MyInvocation.MyCommand.Definition)"
All I see in the chocolateyInstall.ps1 file is this:
#Install-VirtualPackage 'notepadplusplus.commandline' 'notepadplusplus.install'
There is no URL. How do I locate the URL this package goes to, to download the software?

I am going to go out on a limb and say that you have used this package:
https://chocolatey.org/packages/notepadplusplus
As you have been following the step in the article.
The article wants you to use this package:
https://chocolatey.org/packages/notepadplusplus.commandline
The first is what we refer to as a meta, or virtual package, in that it ONLY takes a dependency on another package. As a result, there is nothing in the chocolateyInstall.ps1 file.
If you go through the same process for the package that I linked to, you should see the URL that you need to change.

Related

What should I name my Go package if I don't know where I will host it?

I want to write a new Go package. If I type go mod init github.com/user/hello, would that be a correct name, if I end up deciding to host it in another location and not github?
You can rename the module later, so it plays no important part. Keep using that.
To rename a module in go.mod, you may edit it (it's a simple text file), or you may run the command:
go mod edit -module github.com/newuser/newhello
Note that this will only rename the module in go.mod, but if your module consists of multiple packages which import each other, the import statements will not be edited, you have to manually edit those or use a tool to do that.
If you want to test your module before pushing it to a remote repository, see How to use a module that is outside of "GOPATH" in another module?

How do I stop the auto importing of imported item in go outside of my project?

I have my projects that have many packages which import each other and import outside packages. When I make a change to one of my low lever packages, and then push it to git it is fine and works in that section. When I go get it for use in another project that was working perfectly I now get this go get this error:
module declares its path as: github.com/xdg-go/scram
but was required as: github.com/xdg/scram
None of my code uses either of those directly. It looks like it automatically updated some lower external packages and broke things the used to then old import.
How do I either find out the package that is importing the wrong name or stop all auto-updates?
The go.mod file at github.com/xdg/scram declares itself as github.com/xdg-go/scram:
module github.com/xdg-go/scram
go 1.11
require (
github.com/xdg-go/stringprep v1.0.2
golang.org/x/crypto v0.0.0-20210322153248-0c34fe9e7dc2
)
The go.mod file should be updated to reflect the correct import path.
Unfortunately if this module is for you an indirect dependency, the best fix possible is to update whatever project you import that is directly importing it.
When that is not an option, a solution to this error is to clone the problematic repository locally and use the replace directive in your go.mod file:
module mymodule
replace github.com/xdg/stringprep => ../strprep
go 1.16.2
require (
github.com/divjotarora/mgo v0.0.0-20190308170442-1d451d2a3149
)
where ../strprep is where the code of the required module exists in your local machine, relative to the go.mod file of your project.
The downside of this of course is that you have to replicate this palliative fix wherever you plan to go get your modules.
Note also:
divjotarora/mgo is just a random example of a project that imports one of those packages using their old import path.
I'm using xdg/stringprep as an example because I can't find modules that import xdg/scram instead, but apparently it suffers from the same issue
Beside, you can use:
go mod why <package> to find out why a certain package is listed as a dependency of your project
go mod graph to show the full dependency graph. The output is in <package> <requirement> format

How to include my `log` package instead of built-in `log` package in `golang`?

I have an log package in my project src folder. But when I include the log package from an another package as following, the go seams find the log in the system folder instead of my package.
import ("log")
And seams I cannot using relative path to import log package, because go install give following error:
local import "./log" in non-local package
So how can I let the go using my log package?
You need to add your package inside $GOPATH
So if your package is in
$GOPATH/src/github.com/ZijingWu/awesomeapp/src/
your log package would be in
$GOPATH/src/github.com/ZijingWu/awesomeapp/src/log
then it would be possible to use
import("github.com/ZijingWu/awesomeapp/src/log")
The paths seams a bit strange tho, and maybe you should consider adding the log package as a completely separate repository on github, so it would look something like.
import("github.com/ZijingWu/log")
Just using github as an example here, could of course be placed wherever, also just guessing at your username there. Doesnt need to be in github either you can just place it localy on your computer in the $GOPATH, but then noone else would be able to build your package.

golang modules and local packages

I'm trying to understand how to organize my golang project using go1.11 modules. I tried several options, but none of them worked.
I have some code in the main package under the application folder and a local package that the main package uses.
$GOPATH
+ src
+ application/
+ main/
+ main.go
+ otherFileUnderMainPackage.go
+ aLocalPackage/
+ someCode.go
+ someCode_test.go
+ someMoreCode.go
+ someMoreCode_test.go
Files in the main package, imports ../aLocalPackage. When I compile by go build main/*.go it's working.
Then, I ran go mod init application: V.0.9.9 and got the go.mod file, but the build always fails. I always get error about not finding the local package: build application:V0.9.9/main: cannot find module for path _/.../src/application/aLocalPackage. I also tried to place the local package right under src/, place it under main/ etc. but none of these methods worked for me.
What is the way to use modules and local packages?
Thanks.
Relative import paths are not supported in module mode. You will need to update your import statements to use a full (absolute) import path.
You should also choose a module name other than application. Your module path should generally begin with a URL prefix that you control — either your own domain name, or a unique path such as github.com/$USER/$REPO.
I had some problems working with local packages myself.
There are two tricks to make it work:
you run "go build" in the package directory
This compiles the package and places it in the build cache.
This link about code organisation in go explains more.
You can identify where the cache is using:
>go env GOCACHE
/home/<user>/.cache/go-build
Import using a path relative to the project
I puzzled loads over what the correct import path was and finally discovered that go doc or go list will tell you.
>go doc
package docs // import "tools/src/hello/docs"
>go list
tools/src/hello/docs
For example. I have a hello world API project and was using swaggo to generate documentation which it does in a docs sub-directory.
To use it I add an import:
_ "tools/src/hello/docs"
For my case the _ is important as docs is not used directly but we its init() function to be invoked.
Now in hello/main.go I can add "tools/src/hello/docs" and it will import the correct package.
The path is relative to the location of go.mod if you have one.
I have tools/ here as I have a go.mod declaring "modules tools".
Modules are a different kettle of fish - see https://github.com/golang/go/wiki/Modules.
Recent versions of go (1.11 and later) can create a go.mod file which you may use to fix the version of a module that is used and avoid go's crazy default behaviour of just downloading the latest version of any package you import.
I have written a blogpost on how to start your first Go project using modules.
https://marcofranssen.nl/start-on-your-first-golang-project/
In general it boils down to just create a new folder somewhere on your system (doesn't have to be in GOPATH).
mkdir my-project
cd my-project
go mod init github.com/you-user/my-project
This will create the go.mod file. Now you can simply create your project layout and start building whatever you like.
Maybe one of my other blogs can inspire you a bit more on how to do things.
https://marcofranssen.nl/categories/software-development/golang/

How do packages with multiple files work in golang?

This repo has 3 go files all begin with "package lumber".
To use this package, I'm supposed to put this in my GOROOT and simply
import lumber
in my program. How do variables and types in this package connect with each other across multiple files? How does the go compiler know which file to begin reading first?
In case I want to read the package, where should I begin reading to understand the package? What exactly is the flow of things here?
To elaborate on jnml's answer:
When you use import "foo/bar" in your code, you are not referring to the source files (which will be located in $GOPATH/src/foo/bar/).
Instead, you are referring to a compiled package file at $GOPATH/pkg/$GOOS_$GOARCH/foo/bar.a. When you build your own code, and the compiler finds that the foo/bar package has not yet been compiled (or is out of date), it will do this for you automatically.
It does this by collating* all the relevant source files in the $GOPATH/src/foo/bar directory and building them into a single bar.a file, which it installs in the pkg directory. Compilation then resumes with your own program.
This process is repeated for all imported packages, and packages imported by those as well, all the way down the dependency chain.
*) How the files are collated, depends on how the file itself is named and what kind of build tags are present inside it.
For a deeper understanding of how this works, refer to the build docs.
No, you're not "supposed to put this in my GOROOT". You're supposed to execute
$ go get github.com/jcelliott/lumber
which will clone the repository into $GOPATH/src/github.com/jcelliott/lumber. Then you can use the package by importing it in your code as
import "github.com/jcelliott/lumber"
About the scoping rules: Declarations and scope

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