I have data in the date column as below.
reportDate
21-Jan-17
02-FEB-17
I want to write a query to fetch data for 01/21/2017?
Below query not working in Oracle.
SELECT * FROM tablename where reportDate=to_date('01/21/2017','mm/dd/yyyy')
What is the data type of reportDate? It may be DATE or VARCHAR2 and there is no way to know by just looking at it.
Run describe table_name (where table_name is the name of the table that contains this column) and see what it says.
If it's a VARCHAR2 then you need to convert it to a date as well. Use the proper format model: 'dd-Mon-rr'.
If it's DATE, it is possible it has time-of-day component; you could apply trunc() to it, but it is better to avoid calling functions on your columns if you can avoid it, for speed. In this case (if it's really DATE data type) the where condition should be
where report_date >= to_date('01/21/2017','mm/dd/yyyy')
and report_date < to_date('01/21/2017','mm/dd/yyyy') + 1
Note that the date on the right-hand side can also be written, better, as
date '2017-01-21'
(this is the ANSI standard date literal, which requires the key word date and exactly the format shown, since it doesn't use a format model; use - as separator and the format yyyy-mm-dd.)
The query should be something like this
SELECT *
FROM table_name
WHERE TRUNC(column_name) = TO_DATE('21-JAN-17', 'DD-MON-RR');
The TRUNC function returns a date value specific to that column.
The o/p which I got when I executed in sqldeveloper
https://i.stack.imgur.com/blDCw.png
Related
in some part of my program , I want to run a sql query and have the result which is a date like : %Y/%m/%d %H:%M:%S
SELECT MAX(created_at)
FROM HOT_FILES_LOGS
WHERE FILE_NAME = 'test'
date in created_at column is stored like 04/03/2021 15:45:30 ( it is fulled with SYSDATE)
but when I run this query, I get just 04.03.21
what should I do to fix it?
Apply TO_CHAR with appropriate format mask:
select to_char(max(created_at), 'yyyy.mm.dd hh24:mi:ss') as created_at
from hot_files_logs
where file_name = 'test'
Oracle does not store dates or timestamps in any display format, they are stored in an internal structure, every date in every Oracle database since at least 8i and probably earlier. This structure consists of 7 1-byte integers (timestamps in a similar but larger structure). How the date is displayed or a string converted to a date is controlled the specified date format string in the to_char or to_date function or if no format string given by the NLS_DISPLAY_FORMAT setting. To get a gimps at the internal settings run the following:
create table td( d date);
insert into td(d) values(sysdate);
select d "The Date" , dump(d) "Stored As" from td;
See example. The last used format is not practical but strictly demonstrable. Well I guess you could use it to seed a repeatable random sequence.
I am using SAP BODS and I am trying to fetch data from an ORACLE server using SQL query transormation. Now The table has a column named latest_changed_date which is a datetime column. I only want yesterday and current day data from that table. Now since the column is datetime, I need to convert it to date, but when I am using to_date function I get the following error.
SELECT *
FROM ABC.TEST
WHERE TO_DATE(LATEST_CHANGED_DATE) = TO_DATE(SYSDATE-1)
The database error message is
ORA-01843: not a valid month
I tried giving date format in TO_DATE condition as below:
SELECT *
FROM ABC.TEST
WHERE TO_DATE(LATEST_CHANGED_DATE,'YYYY-MM-DD') >= TO_DATE(SYSDATE-1,'YYYY-MM-DD')
Here I got the error:
date format picture ends before converting entire input string
I used trunc function also and again got either:
not a valid month
or
inconsistent datatypes: expected NUMBER got DATE
Below is a sample data for the column. I just need data for current and day before data from the column.
Update: I think the main issue is that I am not able to determine the proper datatype for the column in the source table and currently I don't have an option to determine that.
Rather than trying to implicitly cast your dates to strings and convert them back using TO_DATE( string_value, format_model ) you can use TRUNC() to truncate SYSDATE to the start of the day:
SELECT *
FROM ABC.TEST
WHERE LATEST_CHANGED_DATE >= TRUNC( SYSDATE-1 )
this will work:
SELECT *
FROM ABC.TEST
where sysdate-LATEST_CHANGED_DATE<=sysdate-(sysdate-2);
for example take this:
ALTER SESSION SET NLS_DATE_FORMAT = ' DD-MON-YYYY HH24:MI:SS';
SELECT * FROM d061_dates ;
03-DEC-2018 17:44:38
25-AUG-2018 17:44:42
30-AUG-2018 17:44:46
01-DEC-2018 17:44:49
02-DEC-2018 17:46:31
SELECT * FROM d061_dates
where sysdate-a<=sysdate-(sysdate-2);
03-DEC-2018 17:44:38
02-DEC-2018 17:46:31
you have to take sysdate minus on both sides to get comparision by a number which is less than equal to 2 to get day and day before yesterday and its giving the correct output.
thank you!!!!!!!!!!!!!
I have a table that contains a time stamp number TEST1 (TIMESTAMP) and I want to create another table TEST2 that displays (TIMESTAMP, TIME) from the first table (the TIME field displays the timstamp converted to date). I tried this
insert into TEST2
values (TEST1.TIMESTAMP,to_date('1970-01-01 ','yyyy-mm-dd ') +
(TEST1.TIMESTAMP)/60/60/24 ,'YYYY-MM-DD');
can have help !
Assuming the TIMESTAMP column is really in seconds, your code is almost right. However: to_date('1970-01-01', 'yyyy-mm-dd') is correct, but to it you must add a number - plain and simple. That is: + TIMESTAMP/60/60/24. Just like that!
Or, to avoid rounding errors, you could do something like
to_date('1970-01-01', 'yyyy-mm-dd') + interval '1' second * test1.timestamp
Note that the fixed date can also be written simply as
date '1970-01-01'
Finally: If you want to store the date portion, wrap the result of that addition within TRUNC(...) - which truncates to the beginning of the day. Or, you can use the arithmetic expression, without INTERVAL and without TRUNC, but instead add TRUNC(TEST1.TIMESTAMP)/60/60/24 - that will truncate the seconds to a whole number of days.
Note that dates in Oracle do not have a "format" (format only applies to text representations of dates, not to dates themselves).
EDIT: It seems you also need help with the INSERT statement. When you insert into a table using data from another table, you don't INSERT ... VALUES, you INSERT ... SELECT. Something like (using your poorly chosen column names - poorly chosen because they are Oracle keywords):
insert into test2 (timestamp, time)
select timestamp, date '1970-01-01' + trunc(timestamp/60/60/24)
from test1
;
Notice that there are no calls whatsoever to either TO_CHAR or TO_DATE; and there is no format model like 'yyyy-mm-dd'. One of the good things about the SQL Standard date literal, date '1970-01-01', is that it accepts only one format, 'yyyy-mm-dd' (even the dashes are mandatory; / would be rejected).
If you want to see what is now in table TEST2:
select timestamp, time from test2;
And if you don't like how the date is displayed, you can control that:
select timestamp, to_char(time, 'yyyy-mm-dd') as time from test2;
In Oracle 12, if I create a very simple table, TEST_TABLE, with a single varchar2(128) column 'name' and populate that column with lots of strings of '20170831', and my sysdate shows:
SELECT sysdate FROM dual;
29-SEP-17
then why does this SQL query return 0 rows:
SELECT TO_DATE(name,'YYYYMMDD'),
TO_DATE(TRUNC(SYSDATE),'DD-MM-YYYY')
FROM TEST_TABLE
WHERE TO_DATE(name,'YYYYMMDD') < TO_DATE(TRUNC(SYSDATE),'DD-MM-YYYY');
(This is a very simplified example of a problem I'm facing in my partition maintenance script and have not been able to solve for the last week).
Thank you in advance for any assistance related to the above query.
Midnight(time part is 00:00:00.000):
SELECT TO_DATE(name,'YYYYMMDD'), TRUNC(SYSDATE)
FROM TEST_TABLE
WHERE TO_DATE(name,'YYYYMMDD') <= TRUNC(SYSDATE);
You could also try:
ALTER SESSION SET NLS_DATE_FORMAT = 'YYYY-MM-DD HH24:MI:SS';
Just don't apply a to_date() to an already date field, this because, it will implicitly convert that date into varchar and then apply the to_date() function to it, for example your query part TO_DATE(TRUNC(SYSDATE),'DD-MM-YYYY') is interpreted like this:
TO_DATE(TO_CHAR(TRUNC(SYSDATE)),'DD-MM-YYYY')
TO_CHAR(TRUNC(SYSDATE)) is getting a char something like: '31-AUG-17', and that is not in 'DD-MM-YYYY' format.
And because of that, TO_DATE(TRUNC(SYSDATE),'DD-MM-YYYY') gets something like this: 29/09/0017 and your filter goes FALSE and gets no results.
Why does below query work successfully?
select to_char(sysdate,'MM-YYYY') from dual;
But the following queries give an invalid number error:
select to_char('28-JUL-17','MM-YYYY') from dual;
select to_char('7/28/2017','MM-YYYY') from dual;
Though, below query gives you the same date format.
select sysdate from dual; -- 7/28/2017 11:29:01 AM
TO_CHAR function accepts only date or number. Maybe you can try this
select to_char(to_date('28-JUL-17', 'DD-MON-YY'),'MM-YYYY') from dual;
As a side note, if you're planning to convert a bunch of dates to strings so you can look for all records in a certain month of a certain year, be aware that the TRUNC function can be used to reduce the precision of a date (e.g. to "month and year"). The following query pulls all records created this month, from the table. It should be faster than converting dates to char and doing string comparison..
SELECT * FROM table WHERE trunc(create_date, 'MON') = trunc(sysdate, 'MON')
Because function TO_CHAR() accepts date or timestamp values. However, neither '28-JUL-17' nor '7/28/2017' are dates or timestamps - they are STRINGS.
Oracle gently tries to convert these stings into DATE values. This implicit conversion may work or may fail, it depends on your current session NLS_DATE_FORMAT, resp. NLS_TIMESTAMP_FORMAT settings.
As given already in other answers you have to convert the string explicitly:
TO_DATE('28-JUL-17', 'DD-MON-RR')
TO_DATE('7/28/2017', 'MM/DD/YYYY')
to_char() isn't expecting you to start with a char value. If you really want that to work, you'll need to wrap it around a to_date() function.
to_char(
to_date(
'28-JUL-17'
, 'DD-Mon-YY'
)
,'MM-YYYY'
)
You are using an incorrect mask, for more information read here.
The correct one should be:
select to_char(to_date('28-JUL-17','DD-MON-YY'), 'MON-YY') from dual;
You can also extract the month using EXTRACT:
select EXTRACT (MONTH FROM to_date('28-JUL-17','DD-MON-YY')) from dual;
Cheers