in some part of my program , I want to run a sql query and have the result which is a date like : %Y/%m/%d %H:%M:%S
SELECT MAX(created_at)
FROM HOT_FILES_LOGS
WHERE FILE_NAME = 'test'
date in created_at column is stored like 04/03/2021 15:45:30 ( it is fulled with SYSDATE)
but when I run this query, I get just 04.03.21
what should I do to fix it?
Apply TO_CHAR with appropriate format mask:
select to_char(max(created_at), 'yyyy.mm.dd hh24:mi:ss') as created_at
from hot_files_logs
where file_name = 'test'
Oracle does not store dates or timestamps in any display format, they are stored in an internal structure, every date in every Oracle database since at least 8i and probably earlier. This structure consists of 7 1-byte integers (timestamps in a similar but larger structure). How the date is displayed or a string converted to a date is controlled the specified date format string in the to_char or to_date function or if no format string given by the NLS_DISPLAY_FORMAT setting. To get a gimps at the internal settings run the following:
create table td( d date);
insert into td(d) values(sysdate);
select d "The Date" , dump(d) "Stored As" from td;
See example. The last used format is not practical but strictly demonstrable. Well I guess you could use it to seed a repeatable random sequence.
Related
I am using SAP BODS and I am trying to fetch data from an ORACLE server using SQL query transormation. Now The table has a column named latest_changed_date which is a datetime column. I only want yesterday and current day data from that table. Now since the column is datetime, I need to convert it to date, but when I am using to_date function I get the following error.
SELECT *
FROM ABC.TEST
WHERE TO_DATE(LATEST_CHANGED_DATE) = TO_DATE(SYSDATE-1)
The database error message is
ORA-01843: not a valid month
I tried giving date format in TO_DATE condition as below:
SELECT *
FROM ABC.TEST
WHERE TO_DATE(LATEST_CHANGED_DATE,'YYYY-MM-DD') >= TO_DATE(SYSDATE-1,'YYYY-MM-DD')
Here I got the error:
date format picture ends before converting entire input string
I used trunc function also and again got either:
not a valid month
or
inconsistent datatypes: expected NUMBER got DATE
Below is a sample data for the column. I just need data for current and day before data from the column.
Update: I think the main issue is that I am not able to determine the proper datatype for the column in the source table and currently I don't have an option to determine that.
Rather than trying to implicitly cast your dates to strings and convert them back using TO_DATE( string_value, format_model ) you can use TRUNC() to truncate SYSDATE to the start of the day:
SELECT *
FROM ABC.TEST
WHERE LATEST_CHANGED_DATE >= TRUNC( SYSDATE-1 )
this will work:
SELECT *
FROM ABC.TEST
where sysdate-LATEST_CHANGED_DATE<=sysdate-(sysdate-2);
for example take this:
ALTER SESSION SET NLS_DATE_FORMAT = ' DD-MON-YYYY HH24:MI:SS';
SELECT * FROM d061_dates ;
03-DEC-2018 17:44:38
25-AUG-2018 17:44:42
30-AUG-2018 17:44:46
01-DEC-2018 17:44:49
02-DEC-2018 17:46:31
SELECT * FROM d061_dates
where sysdate-a<=sysdate-(sysdate-2);
03-DEC-2018 17:44:38
02-DEC-2018 17:46:31
you have to take sysdate minus on both sides to get comparision by a number which is less than equal to 2 to get day and day before yesterday and its giving the correct output.
thank you!!!!!!!!!!!!!
Why does below query work successfully?
select to_char(sysdate,'MM-YYYY') from dual;
But the following queries give an invalid number error:
select to_char('28-JUL-17','MM-YYYY') from dual;
select to_char('7/28/2017','MM-YYYY') from dual;
Though, below query gives you the same date format.
select sysdate from dual; -- 7/28/2017 11:29:01 AM
TO_CHAR function accepts only date or number. Maybe you can try this
select to_char(to_date('28-JUL-17', 'DD-MON-YY'),'MM-YYYY') from dual;
As a side note, if you're planning to convert a bunch of dates to strings so you can look for all records in a certain month of a certain year, be aware that the TRUNC function can be used to reduce the precision of a date (e.g. to "month and year"). The following query pulls all records created this month, from the table. It should be faster than converting dates to char and doing string comparison..
SELECT * FROM table WHERE trunc(create_date, 'MON') = trunc(sysdate, 'MON')
Because function TO_CHAR() accepts date or timestamp values. However, neither '28-JUL-17' nor '7/28/2017' are dates or timestamps - they are STRINGS.
Oracle gently tries to convert these stings into DATE values. This implicit conversion may work or may fail, it depends on your current session NLS_DATE_FORMAT, resp. NLS_TIMESTAMP_FORMAT settings.
As given already in other answers you have to convert the string explicitly:
TO_DATE('28-JUL-17', 'DD-MON-RR')
TO_DATE('7/28/2017', 'MM/DD/YYYY')
to_char() isn't expecting you to start with a char value. If you really want that to work, you'll need to wrap it around a to_date() function.
to_char(
to_date(
'28-JUL-17'
, 'DD-Mon-YY'
)
,'MM-YYYY'
)
You are using an incorrect mask, for more information read here.
The correct one should be:
select to_char(to_date('28-JUL-17','DD-MON-YY'), 'MON-YY') from dual;
You can also extract the month using EXTRACT:
select EXTRACT (MONTH FROM to_date('28-JUL-17','DD-MON-YY')) from dual;
Cheers
For eg I have a student table with a DOJ(date of joining) column with its type set as DATE now in that I have stored records in dd-mon-yy format.
I have an IN param at runtime with date passed as string and its in dd/mm/yyyy format. How do I compare and fetch results on date?
I want to fetch count of records of students who have DOJ of 25-AUG-92 per my database table student, but I am getting date as varchar in dd/mm/yyyy format in an IN param, kindly please guide.
I have tried multiple options such as trunc, to_date, to_char but, unfortunately nothing seems to work.
I have a student table with a DOJ(date of joining) column with its type set as DATE now in that I have stored records in dd-mon-yy format.
Not quite, the DATE data-type does not have a format; it is stored internally in tables as 7-bytes (year is 2 bytes and month, day, hour, minute and second are 1-byte each). The user interface you are using (i.e. SQL/PLUS, SQL Developer, Toad, etc.) will handle the formatting of a DATE from its binary format to a human readable format. In SQL/Plus (or SQL Developer) this format is based on the NLS_DATE_FORMAT session parameter.
If the DATE is input using only the day, month and year then the time component is (probably) going to be set to 00:00:00 (midnight).
I have an IN param at runtime with date passed as string or say varchar and its in dd/mm/yyyy format. How do I compare and fetch results on date.?
Assuming the time component for you DOJ column is always midnight then:
SELECT COUNT(*)
FROM students
WHERE doj = TO_DATE( your_param, 'dd/mm/yyyy' )
If it isn't always midnight then:
SELECT COUNT(*)
FROM students
WHERE TRUNC( doj ) = TO_DATE( your_param, 'dd/mm/yyyy' )
or:
SELECT COUNT(*)
FROM students
WHERE doj >= TO_DATE( your_param, 'dd/mm/yyyy' )
AND doj < TO_DATE( your_param, 'dd/mm/yyyy' ) + INTERVAL '1' DAY
The below should do what you've described. If not, provide more information on how "nothing seems to work".
-- Get the count of students with DOJ = 25-AUG-1992
SELECT COUNT(1)
FROM STUDENT
WHERE TRUNC(DOJ) = TO_DATE('25/AUG/1992','dd/mon/yyyy');
The above was pulled from this answer. You may want to look at the answer, because if performance is critical to you, there is a different way to write this query which doesn't use trunc, which will allow Oracle to use index on DOJ, if one is present.
Though I am bit late in posting this but I have been able to resolve this.
What I did was I converted both the dates to_char in similar formats and it worked here is my query condition that worked..
TO_CHAR(TO_DATE(C.DOB, 'DD-MON-YY'),'DD-MON-YY')=TO_CHAR(TO_DATE(P_Dob,'DD/MM/YYYY'),'DD-MON-YY'))
Thanks for the support all. :)
I have data in the date column as below.
reportDate
21-Jan-17
02-FEB-17
I want to write a query to fetch data for 01/21/2017?
Below query not working in Oracle.
SELECT * FROM tablename where reportDate=to_date('01/21/2017','mm/dd/yyyy')
What is the data type of reportDate? It may be DATE or VARCHAR2 and there is no way to know by just looking at it.
Run describe table_name (where table_name is the name of the table that contains this column) and see what it says.
If it's a VARCHAR2 then you need to convert it to a date as well. Use the proper format model: 'dd-Mon-rr'.
If it's DATE, it is possible it has time-of-day component; you could apply trunc() to it, but it is better to avoid calling functions on your columns if you can avoid it, for speed. In this case (if it's really DATE data type) the where condition should be
where report_date >= to_date('01/21/2017','mm/dd/yyyy')
and report_date < to_date('01/21/2017','mm/dd/yyyy') + 1
Note that the date on the right-hand side can also be written, better, as
date '2017-01-21'
(this is the ANSI standard date literal, which requires the key word date and exactly the format shown, since it doesn't use a format model; use - as separator and the format yyyy-mm-dd.)
The query should be something like this
SELECT *
FROM table_name
WHERE TRUNC(column_name) = TO_DATE('21-JAN-17', 'DD-MON-RR');
The TRUNC function returns a date value specific to that column.
The o/p which I got when I executed in sqldeveloper
https://i.stack.imgur.com/blDCw.png
I have a field in my table with datatype as DATE in Oracle.
I want to insert the current date into that field, in format DD/MM/YYYY format.
I tried the below query:
select to_date(to_char(sysdate,'dd/mm/yyyy'),'dd/mm/yyyy') from dual
But it gives
1/8/2011 12:00:00 AM.
I want it to insert and show as
08/01/2011 12:00:00 AM.
Can anyone help me in this please ?
DATE is a built-in type in Oracle, which is represented in a fixed way and you have no control over it.
So:
I want it to insert [...] as 08/01/2011 12:00:00 AM
The above is nonsensical. You don't insert a string, you insert a date.
Format is useful only when you want:
to convert a string to an internal representation of date with TO_DATE (format mask: how to parse the string);
to convert an internal representation of date to a string with TO_CHAR (format mask: how to render the date).
So basically, in your example you take a DATE, you convert it to a STRING with some format, and convert it back to DATE with the same format. This is a no-op.
Now, what your client displays: this is because your Oracle Client won't display DATE fields directly and the NLS layer will convert any DATE field that is selected. So it depends on your locale by default.
What you want is SELECT TO_CHAR(SYSDATE,'DD/MM/YYYY') FROM dual; which will explicitly perform the conversion and return a string.
And when you want to insert a date in a database, you can use TO_DATE or date literals.
Alternatively, if you want to retrieve the date part of the DATE field, you may use truncate, i.e.
select to_char(trunc(sysdate),'dd/mm/yyyy') from dual;
When the column is of type DATE, you can use something like:
Insert into your_table(your_date_column) Select TRUNC(SYSDATE) from DUAL;
This removes the time part from SYSDATE.
Maybe this can help
insert into pasok values ('&kode_pasok','&kode_barang','&kode_suplier',
to_date('&tanggal_pasok','dd-mm-yyyy'),&jumlah_pasok);
note: '&' help we to insert data again, insert / end than enter to
insert again example: Enter value for kode_pembelian: BEL-E005 Enter
value for kode_barang: ELK-02 Enter value for kode_customer: B-0001
old 2: '&kode_pembelian','&kode_barang','&kode_customer', new 2:
'BEL-E005','ELK-02','B-0001', Enter value for tanggal_pembelian:
24-06-2002 Enter value for jumlah_pembelian: 2 old 3:
to_date('&tanggal_pembelian','dd-mm-yyyy'),&jumlah_pembelian) new 3:
to_date('24-06-2002','dd-mm-yyyy'),2)
1 row created.
SQL> / (enter)