I'm using sql plus. I need to know the difference between two commands.
SELECT * FROM cat
and
SELECT * FROM tab;
Any kind of help will be appreciated.
thanks
They are both part of data dictionary and are PUBLIC SYNONYMNS for corresponding SYS tables/views.
SELECT object_name,
owner,
object_type
FROM all_objects
WHERE object_name IN (
'CAT',
'TAB'
);
OBJECT_NAME OWNER OBJECT_TYPE
------------------- ----------------- -------------
TAB SYS VIEW
TAB PUBLIC SYNONYM
CAT PUBLIC SYNONYM
Which are themselves VIEWS by the name USER_CATALOG and TAB.
SELECT owner,
synonym_name,
table_name
FROM all_synonyms
WHERE synonym_name IN (
'TAB',
'CAT'
);
OWNER SYNONYM_NAME TABLE_NAME
---------------------- ----------------------- -------------
PUBLIC CAT USER_CATALOG
PUBLIC TAB TAB
SYSTEM TAB TAB
If you want to see what data dictionary tables/views those VIEWs are selecting from, you may run
SELECT view_name,text_vc
FROM all_views
WHERE view_name IN ('TAB', 'USER_CATALOG');
Note: Justin Cave here says that "tab is an ancient data dictionary table that should never be used. It exists solely to provide backwards compatibility for scripts that were written potentially decades ago."
Related
CREATE SYNONYM office
FOR SEQ001;
I need some system table/any other way that gives me information that SEQ001 is sequence .
In short I need a query that enlist synonyms only created for synonym objects and no other objects.
That would be something like this:
SQL> create sequence seq001;
Sequence created.
SQL> create synonym syn_se for seq001;
Synonym created.
SQL> select s.synonym_name, o.object_name, o.object_type
2 from user_synonyms s join user_objects o on o.object_name = s.table_name;
SYNONYM_NAME OBJECT_NAME OBJECT_TYPE
--------------- --------------- -------------------
SYN_SE SEQ001 SEQUENCE
SQL>
Now, you can apply different filters to it, e.g. where o.object_type = 'SEQUENCE' to see only synonyms related to sequences.
To list all synonyms that reference other synonyms use the dictionary view ALL_SYNONYMS and check if the synonym definition correspond to an other synonym.
Example
The first synonym reference a sequence, the two other reference a synonym.
The query shows the two "nested" synonyms.
create sequence seq001;
create synonym syn001 for seq001;
create synonym syn002 for syn001;
create synonym syn003 for syn002;
select OWNER, SYNONYM_NAME
from all_synonyms
where (TABLE_OWNER, TABLE_NAME) in
(select OWNER, SYNONYM_NAME from all_synonyms)
;
OWNER SYNONYM_NAME
---------- ------------
OOO SYN002
OOO SYN003
The view ALL_SYNONYMS shows all synonyms that your user has a granted access. There is also a dictionary view DBA_SYNONYMS showing all existing synonyms, but you'll need extra privilege to access it.
I have some SQL scripts; one of them references an object called "names". I can:
select * from names
and it returns results. However, I cannot see a table called "names". Neither can I see a view called "names". I can't find a custom type called "names".
If I look for one of the columns that is returned by the query select * from names using:
select * from sys.all_tab_columns where column_name like '%MyColumn%'
it finds a table called LSNAMES, but that has no rows.
Any ideas how I can find this "table"?
I'd start the research with understanding what type of object this is:
SELECT owner, object_name, object_type
FROM all_objects
WHERE object_name = 'NAMES'
Once you have a type, you could query some more information from all_<type>s
Look for:
A materialized view called NAMES
SELECT * FROM ALL_MVIEWS WHERE MVIEW_NAME = 'NAMES';
A synonym called NAMES
SELECT * FROM ALL_SYNONYMS WHERE SYNONYM_NAME = 'NAMES';
SQL Developer shows the creation and last DDL time for a public synonym in a table:
CREATED 15-AUG-09
LAST_DDL_TIME 15-AUG-09
OWNER PUBLIC
SYNONYM_NAME ISEMPTY
TABLE_OWNER MDSYS
TABLE_NAME OGC_ISEMPTY
DB_LINK (null)
How can I get the same information via a SQL query?
select * from all_synonyms where synonym_name = 'ISEMPTY'
does not get the created/last ddl dates.
More generally, is there a good way to see the queries that sql developer uses to display the data it displays (when you do not have access to a profiler)?
Thanks
You need the ALL_OBJECTS system view:
select *
from all_objects
where owner = 'OWNER_NAME'
and object_name = 'ISEMPTY'
and object_type = 'SYNONYM'
I have a directory in all_directories, but I need to find out what permissions are associated with it, i.e. what has been granted on it?
This should give you the roles, users and permissions granted on a directory:
SELECT *
FROM all_tab_privs
WHERE table_name = 'your_directory'; --> needs to be upper case
And yes, it IS in the all_TAB_privs view ;-) A better name for that view would be something like "ALL_OBJECT_PRIVS", since it also includes PL/SQL objects and their execute permissions as well.
You can see all the privileges for all directories wit the following
SELECT *
from all_tab_privs
where table_name in
(select directory_name
from dba_directories);
The following gives you the sql statements to grant the privileges should you need to backup what you've done or something
select 'Grant '||privilege||' on directory '||table_schema||'.'||table_name||' to '||grantee
from all_tab_privs
where table_name in (select directory_name from dba_directories);
Wasn't sure if you meant which Oracle users can read\write with the directory or the correlation of the permissions between Oracle Directory Object and the underlying Operating System Directory.
As DCookie has covered the Oracle side of the fence, the following is taken from the Oracle documentation found here.
Privileges granted for the directory
are created independently of the
permissions defined for the operating
system directory, and the two may or
may not correspond exactly. For
example, an error occurs if sample
user hr is granted READ privilege on
the directory object but the
corresponding operating system
directory does not have READ
permission defined for Oracle Database
processes.
With Oracle 11g R2 (at least with 11.2.02) there is a view named datapump_dir_objs.
SELECT * FROM datapump_dir_objs;
The view shows the NAME of the directory object, the PATH as well as READ and WRITE permissions for the currently connected user. It does not show any directory objects which the current user has no permission to read from or write to, though.
Expanding on this a bit, this script will allow you to see the privileges for any object type and name that appears in all_tab_privs.
/*
usage: #obj-privs <object-type> <object-name>
object-type can be any type of object; table, directory, index, etc.
case does not matter
object-name can be any legal name - case matters
Wild cards work for both object-type and object-name
#obj-privs dir% MYDIR
#obj-privs table INV%
#obj-privs synonym %
*/
set pagesize 100
set linesize 200 trimspool off
col grantor format a15
col grantee format a30
col table_schema format a30 head 'OWNER'
col table_name format a30 head 'OBJECT_NAME'
col privilege format a15
col v_object_name new_value v_object_name noprint
col v_object_type new_value v_object_type noprint
set feed off term off echo off pause off verify off
select upper('&1') v_object_type from dual;
select '&2' v_object_name from dual;
set feed on term on feed on
select
p.table_name
, p.table_schema
, p.privilege
, p.grantee
, p.grantor
, o.object_type
from all_tab_privs p
join all_objects o on o.owner = p.table_schema
and o.object_name = p.table_name
and p.table_name like '&v_object_name'
and o.object_type like '&v_object_type'
order by p.table_name, p.table_schema, p.grantee
/
Here is an example for directories:
SQL# #obj-privs dir% %
OBJECT_NAME OWNER PRIVILEGE GRANTEE GRANTOR OBJECT_TYPE
------------------------------ ------------------------------ --------------- ------------------------------ --------------- ---------------------------------------------------------------------
DATA_PUMP_DIR SYS WRITE EXP_FULL_DATABASE SYS DIRECTORY
DATA_PUMP_DIR SYS READ EXP_FULL_DATABASE SYS DIRECTORY
DATA_PUMP_DIR SYS WRITE IMP_FULL_DATABASE SYS DIRECTORY
DATA_PUMP_DIR SYS READ IMP_FULL_DATABASE SYS DIRECTORY
ORACLE_OCM_CONFIG_DIR SYS READ ORACLE_OCM SYS DIRECTORY
ORACLE_OCM_CONFIG_DIR SYS WRITE ORACLE_OCM SYS DIRECTORY
ORACLE_OCM_CONFIG_DIR2 SYS WRITE ORACLE_OCM SYS DIRECTORY
ORACLE_OCM_CONFIG_DIR2 SYS READ ORACLE_OCM SYS DIRECTORY
8 rows selected.
Here is another for tables with USER in the name:
SQL# #obj-privs tab% %USER%
OBJECT_NAME OWNER PRIVILEGE GRANTEE GRANTOR OBJECT_TYPE
------------------------------ ------------------------------ --------------- ------------------------------ --------------- ---------------------------------------------------------------------
BDSQL_USER_MAP SYS INSERT BDSQL_ADMIN SYS TABLE
BDSQL_USER_MAP SYS DELETE BDSQL_ADMIN SYS TABLE
BDSQL_USER_MAP SYS SELECT BDSQL_ADMIN SYS TABLE
BDSQL_USER_MAP SYS READ BDSQL_USER SYS TABLE
KU$_USER_MAPPING_VIEW_TBL SYS SELECT SELECT_CATALOG_ROLE SYS TABLE
SDO_PREFERRED_OPS_USER MDSYS UPDATE PUBLIC MDSYS TABLE
SDO_PREFERRED_OPS_USER MDSYS INSERT PUBLIC MDSYS TABLE
SDO_PREFERRED_OPS_USER MDSYS SELECT PUBLIC MDSYS TABLE
SDO_PREFERRED_OPS_USER MDSYS DELETE PUBLIC MDSYS TABLE
USER_PRIVILEGE_MAP SYS READ PUBLIC SYS TABLE
10 rows selected.
I want to find the foreign keys of a table but there may be more than one user / schema with a table with the same name. How can I find the one that the currently logged user is seeing? Is there a function that gives its owner? What if there are public synonyms?
You can query the ALL_OBJECTS view:
select owner
, object_name
, object_type
from ALL_OBJECTS
where object_name = 'FOO'
To find synonyms:
select *
from ALL_SYNONYMS
where synonym_name = 'FOO'
Just to clarify, if a user user's SQL statement references an object name with no schema qualification (e.g. 'FOO'), Oracle FIRST checks the user's schema for an object of that name (including synonyms in that user's schema). If Oracle can't resolve the reference from the user's schema, Oracle then checks for a public synonym.
If you are looking specifically for constraints on a particular table_name:
select c.*
from all_constraints c
where c.table_name = 'FOO'
union all
select cs.*
from all_constraints cs
join all_synonyms s
on (s.table_name = cs.table_name
and s.table_owner = cs.owner
and s.synonym_name = 'FOO'
)
HTH
-- addendum:
If your user is granted access to the DBA_ views (e.g. if your user has been granted SELECT_CATALOG_ROLE), you can substitute 'DBA_' in place of 'ALL_' in the preceding SQL examples. The ALL_x views only show objects which you have been granted privileges. The DBA_x views will show all database objects, whether you have privileges on them or not.
I found this question as the top result while Googling how to find the owner of a table in Oracle, so I thought that I would contribute a table specific answer for others' convenience.
To find the owner of a specific table in an Oracle DB, use the following query:
select owner from ALL_TABLES where TABLE_NAME ='<MY-TABLE-NAME>';
Interesting question - I don't think there's any Oracle function that does this (almost like a "which" command in Unix), but you can get the resolution order for the name by:
select * from
(
select object_name objname, object_type, 'my object' details, 1 resolveOrder
from user_objects
where object_type not like 'SYNONYM'
union all
select synonym_name obj , 'my synonym', table_owner||'.'||table_name, 2 resolveOrder
from user_synonyms
union all
select synonym_name obj , 'public synonym', table_owner||'.'||table_name, 3 resolveOrder
from all_synonyms where owner = 'PUBLIC'
)
where objname like upper('&objOfInterest')
Oracle views like ALL_TABLES and ALL_CONSTRAINTS have an owner column, which you can use to restrict your query. There are also variants of these tables beginning with USER instead of ALL, which only list objects which can be accessed by the current user.
One of these views should help to solve your problem. They always worked fine for me for similar problems.
To find the name of the current user within an Oracle session, use the USER function.
Note that the owner of the constraint, the owner of the table containing the foreign key, and the owner of the referenced table may all be different. It sounds like it’s the table owner you’re interested in, in which case this should be close to what you want:
select Constraint_Name
from All_Constraints
where Table_Name = 'WHICHEVER_TABLE'
and Constraint_Type = 'R' and Owner = User;
It is like #entpnerd said, but I suggest you to use upper() clause:
select *
from ALL_TABLES
where upper(TABLE_NAME) = upper('<table_name>')