How to display / determine the index of a vertex in ARSCNFaceGeometry? - xcode

I want to get the index of a specific vertex in the mesh of the ARSCNFaceGeometry.
I tried to add a SCNText to the vertex that displays the vertex index:
// Create face node
let faceNode = SCNNode(geometry: geometry) // geometry is the ARSCNFaceGeometry
// Get vertices of face node
let vertices = ...
// For each vertex
vertices.enumerated().forEach({ (index, vertex) in
// Create text geometry
let textGeometry = SCNText(string: text, extrusionDepth: 1)
textGeometry.firstMaterial?.diffuse.contents = UIColor.black
// Create text node
let textNode = SCNNode(geometry: textGeometry)
textNode.scale = SCNVector3(0.0002, 0.0002, 0.0002)
textNode.position = SCNVector3(vertex.x, vertex.y, vertex.z)
// Add text node to face mask node
faceNode.addChildNode(textNode)
})
But the result in Xcode Scene Editor is that some text nodes are positioned correctly, others are scattered all over the place:
Why are the text nodes positioned like that?
Is there another way to get the vertex indices?
Update:
I tried to add SCNBox to every vertex:
let box = SCNBox(width: 0.005, height: 0.005, length: 0.005, chamferRadius: 0)
box.firstMaterial?.multiply.contents = UIColor.blue
let boxNode = SCNNode(geometry: box)
boxNode = vertex
faceNode.addChildNode(boxNode)
The result shows that even the box positions are wrong. So how can I use the vertex to position each box centered in the mesh point?

The way I retrieved the vertices from the face mesh was wrong. I use this answer now to extract the vertices and it works.

Related

how to draw polygon in three js using vertices?

I have vertices(x,y,z) of a polygon as input. How can I render a polygon having these vertices in three.js? THREE.Geometry() is removed from three js. how to draw plane polygon with bufferGeometry or any other method ? now when i draw polygon with vertices it drawing incomplete mesh (polygon). following code is used to draw polygon.
const verticesGeometry = new THREE.BufferGeometry().setFromPoints(measurement.coordinates.map((coord) => new THREE.Vector3(coord.x, coord.y, coord.elevation)))
const polygon = new THREE.Mesh(verticesGeometry , new THREE.MeshBasicMaterial({ color: measurement.color, side: THREE.DoubleSide}))
scene.add(polygon)
screenshots attached of issue, which is i am facing right now, (3 points polygon working perfectly, more than it, rendering incomplete.) thanks in advance.
i also tried THREE.ShapeGeometry() but polygon are rendering to the bottom because THREE.shape() is accepting only VECTOR2 points.i am passing vector3 but it neglecting 3rd (z) point.
let polyShape = new THREE.Shape(measurement.coordinates.map((coord) =>
new THREE.Vector3(coord.x, coord.y, coord.elevation)))
const geometry = new THREE.ShapeGeometry( polyShape )
let polygon = new THREE.Mesh(geometry, new THREE.MeshBasicMaterial({ color: measurement.color, side: THREE.DoubleSide }))
see the below image for reference.
You're just giving your points to a Mesh. They are interpreted as triples, each of which represent a triangle. If you want to render a filled polygon, it must be triangulated.
Easier though, is probably to use ShapeGeometry, see the doc in the link. This should do exactly what you need, if you can take the time to learn its interface.
If you want to make the vertices follow the height of your terrain, you can then edit the height coordinates of all vertices in the shape geometry (see how to update a buffer geometry; notice that ShapeGeometry extends BufferGeometry) back with its original Z or whatever your up direction is. The mesh topology will follow because it's already triangulated, and since you don't seem to have massive height variation, it should work nicely.
If you want to triangulate yourself instead of using ShapeGeometry, Three.js also provides a helper for this here.
As per the #berthur answer I tried following code and it worked. Thanks to https://stackoverflow.com/users/10559142/berthur
let coordinates = [
{
x : 1,
y : 1,
elevation : 10
},
{
x : 2,
y : 1,
elevation : 10
},
{
x : 2,
y : 2,
elevation : 10
},
{
x : 1,
y : 2,
elevation : 10
}
]
let polyShape = new THREE.Shape(coordinates.map((coord) => new THREE.Vector2(coord.x, coord.y)))
const polyGeometry = new THREE.ShapeGeometry(polyShape);
polyGeometry.setAttribute("position", new THREE.Float32BufferAttribute(coordinates.map(coord => [coord.x, coord.y, coord.elevation]).flat(), 3))
let polygon = new THREE.Mesh(polyGeometry, new THREE.MeshBasicMaterial({ color: "ColorYouWant, side: THREE.DoubleSide}))
scene.add(polygon);

How to get the exact x,y,z location of all the corners of a cube in three.js

There's another answer to this question, but after implementing it, I saw the positions were not true representations of the absolute x,y,z locations of the vertices. I examined the mesh, and looked at the _corners array in the geometry:BoxGeometry property. There I can also find the values. If the cube is rotating on two different axis, and moving on the x and z axis, the y value of the corner position does not change, so these are not accurate values of the x, y and z positions of the corners. I can visibly see the corner positions are moving on the x, y and z axis.
How else can I derive accurate, absolute positions of these corners? So far I cannot find the properties to determine this. Will I need to apply some kind of math using the rotation values with these corner positions?
You only need to get the WorldMatrix of your cube (which contains all transformations) and apply it to a Vector3 with the original vertex positions:
var w = 10;
var h = 15;
var d = 7;
const geom = new THREE.BoxBufferGeometry(w, h, d);
const mat = new THREE.MeshBasicMaterial();
const box = new THREE.Mesh(geom, mat);
// Get world matrix transformation of the box
var boxMatrix = box.matrixWorld;
// Set the initial position of the desired vertex into a Vector3
var vertex = new THREE.Vector3(w / 2, h / 2, d / 2);
// Apply the matrix transformation to the vector
vertex.applyMatrix4(boxMatrix);
// Read the result
console.log(vertex);

Problem in understanding three.js coordinate and axes system

I have following code:
// coordinate values
var x1 = -815723.5125568421;
var y1 = 20538442.534868136;
var z1 = -17.439584224846456;
var x2 = -815723.5125568421;
var y2 = 20538443.164575472;
var z2 = -16.620415776398275;
// make a rectangular face parallel to y-z plane
var dummySquare = new THREE.Geometry();
dummySquare.vertices.push(new THREE.Vector3(x1,y1,z1));
dummySquare.vertices.push(new THREE.Vector3(x1,y1,z2));
dummySquare.vertices.push(new THREE.Vector3(x2,y2,z1));
dummySquare.vertices.push(new THREE.Vector3(x2,y2,z2));
dummySquare.faces.push(new THREE.Face3(0,1,2));
dummySquare.faces.push(new THREE.Face3(1,2,3));
var dummySquareMaterial = new THREE.MeshBasicMaterial( { color: "#0000FF", side: THREE.DoubleSide } );
var dummySquareMesh = new THREE.Mesh(dummySquare, dummySquareMaterial);
So, I am making a rectangular face parallel to y-z plane.
During debugging I observe following:
vertices: Array(4)
0: p {x: -815723.5125568421, y: 20538442.534868136, z:
-17.439584224846456}
1: p {x: -815723.5125568421, y: 20538442.534868136, z:
-16.620415776398275}
2: p {x: -815723.5125568421, y: 20538443.164575472, z:
-17.439584224846456}
3: p {x: -815723.5125568421, y: 20538443.164575472, z:
-16.620415776398275}
position: p {x: 0, y: 0, z: 0}
So vertices are as expected. But position is at (0,0,0). I expected position to be mid point of the plane defined by above four vertices.
What is missing here in my understanding?
Another observation is as follows.
I make two faces just like above(same vertices).
For one of the two faces, I determine centre of geometry, move geometry it to origin(translate by negative of centre), create a mesh with it which then I move back to original position:
var face = new THREE.Geometry();
....add vertices as code snippet above
var faceCentre = new THREE.Vector3();
face.boundingBox.getCenter(faceCentre );
face.translate(-faceCentre .x,-faceCentre .y,-faceCentre .z);
//make mesh
var faceMaterial = new THREE.MeshBasicMaterial( { color: "#FF0000", side:
THREE.DoubleSide } );
var faceMesh= new THREE.Mesh(face, faceMaterial);
// move mesh back by setting its position to original centre of face
faceMesh.position.x = faceCentre .x;
faceMesh.position.y = faceCentre .y;
faceMesh.position.z = faceCentre .z;
Unmoved face has same vertices as for face above, as expected.
But other face has now totally different vertices, even though both are displayed at same position and in same orientation.
Why this difference in vertices?
THREE.js uses a hierarchical representation of objects and their translation. In particular, the .position of an Object3D is not generally, as you say you expected, its middle point in world space, but it can be viewed as a variable that stores the current translation of the object. It is called its local position. This translation is (0,0,0) on default.
So when you define an object by the vertices of its geometry, the object's vertices will render at these positions. However, if you .translate() it by a factor (dx, dy, dz), then a vertex (vx, vy, vz) will render at position (vx+dx, vy+dy, vz+dz).
Similarly, other transformations are also stored as members of the object. The vertices of the geometry do not change when an object is transformed, but instead the object keeps track of its current local transformations, which are applied, typically as a series of matrix multiplications, to the vertices. Using this logic, you can define a tree of objects inside each other, which have local transformations in relation to its parent, which in turn may be transformed in relation to its parent etc. This sort of representation proves very useful for slightly more complicated scenes.
This should explain your results. For example, in your first test, you are successfully creating an object exactly where you want it, but its position is still (0,0,0) because it has undergone no transformations.

How to create geometry for thick lines with three.js?

I need to create thick lines in 3d that receive shadows. The lines are on a flat plane as in y is the same for all points. The lines all face up. An example would be the yellow line on a road.
I think the best way would be to create the geometry and use MeshLambertMaterial so that it would receive shadows.
Can anyone point me in the right direction to create the geometry from points? I assume I need to create the vertices with BufferGeometry.
I'm not quite sure if you already have an array of points (coordinates) for each vertex of the lines and want to create the line from them, or if you just want to create lines of a width and length that you can specify as your question is quite unclear, so I'll provide an example for the latter (and more simple) option.
If you don't have any specified vertices, you can create an object that looks like a "line" using a PlaneGeometry and specifying it's width and height.
i.e.
var geomLine = new THREE.PlaneGeometry(width, height, widthSegments, heightSegments);
var matLine = new THREE.MeshPhongMaterial({color: 0xFF0000});
var Line = new THREE.Mesh(geomLine, matLine);
Line.receiveShadow = true;
Line.castShadow = true;
scene.add(Line);
If you want the line to have some height and not be a flat plane, you could use a BoxGeometry instead of a LineGeometry. The code above would almost be the same, the only difference being you would also need to specify a depth for the box geometry, for example:
geomLine = new THREE.BoxGeometry(width, height, depth);
Bare in mind that the height for the BoxGeometry is how tall it is (on the y axis, the depth value is how "long" it is on the z axis)
EDIT: Here's how to create a polygon with pre-defined vertices
You can create a polygon from vertices with the following code:
var geom = new THREE.Geometry();
var v1 = new THREE.Vector3(0,0,0);
var v2 = new THREE.Vector3(0,500,0);
var v3 = new THREE.Vector3(0,500,500);
geom.vertices.push(v1);
geom.vertices.push(v2);
geom.vertices.push(v3);
geom.faces.push( new THREE.Face3( 0, 1, 2 ) );
geom.computeFaceNormals();
var object = new THREE.Mesh( geom, new THREE.MeshNormalMaterial() );
scene.add(object);
Copy and paste this code in and then change x, y, and z coordinates of v1, v2, and v3 (or however many vertices you need) to the coordinates of your vertices.
Essentially you are creating vertices using THREE.Vector3 to supply the coordinates and then pushing them to the vertices property of an empty THREE.Geometry();
Code is from this answer
Hope this is what you were looking for!

How to list me vertex normals to the specified tops?

I do animation at which the part of tops moves. Thus lighting starts working incorrectly. For correct lighting it is necessary to change face.vertexNormals. At first I thought that it is enough
geometry.computeVertexNormals();
But it appeared, it does not absolutely that.
How to list me topmost vertex normals to the specified tops?
OR
How to list me the faces containing specified tops?
example here
Here example. But I need not only to see them, and to list and change in the program.
if (d<50) { var dist = 15 * Math.cos( d/20 - t );
geometry.vertices[i].z = dist; }
How to list me vertex normals for these tops?
Your plane is upside-down, which causes your vertex normals to point downward.
Set plane.rotation.x = -Math.PI/2;.
To see the normals, add
vnh = new THREE.VertexNormalsHelper( plane, 20, 0xff0000, 2 );
scene.add( vnh );
to your init() function, and in your animation loop call:
vnh.update();
three.js r.68

Resources