I'm trying to deal with Makefiles and wrote a simple "program":
DELETE_COMMAND := del
COMPILER := gcc
SOME_TEXT := lalalalalalalalalalalal!!!
all: sum.o even.o main.o pi.o
#$(COMPILER) -o output.exe sum.o even.o main.o pi.o
SOME_TEXT_2 := $(subst la,La,$(SOME_TEXT))
#echo $(SOME_TEXT_2)
clean:
#$(DELETE_COMMAND) *.o
#$(DELETE_COMMAND) output.exe
sum.o: sum.c sum.h
#$(COMPILER) -c sum.c
main.o: main.c sum.h pi.h
#$(COMPILER) -c main.c
pi.o: pi.c pi.h even.h
#$(COMPILER) -c pi.c
even.o: even.c even.h
#$(COMPILER) -c even.c
But I get the following error:
SOME_TEXT_2 := LaLaLaLaLaLaLaLaLaLaLal!!!
process_begin: CreateProcess(NULL, SOME_TEXT_2 := LaLaLaLaLaLaLaLaLaLaLal!!!, ...) failed.
make (e=2): The system cannot find the file specified.
make: *** [Makefile:7: all] Error 2
The problem is caused by this line:
SOME_TEXT_2 := $(subst la,La,$(SOME_TEXT))
but I have no idea what the problem is.
I'm using make from mingw-w64 on Windows.
Consider the rule...
all: sum.o even.o main.o pi.o
#$(COMPILER) -o output.exe sum.o even.o main.o pi.o
SOME_TEXT_2 := $(subst la,La,$(SOME_TEXT))
#echo $(SOME_TEXT_2)
Assuming all lines except the first begin with a tab character then each command will be run in a separate shell. But...
SOME_TEXT_2 := $(subst la,La,$(SOME_TEXT))
is not valid shell syntax -- it looks like it's supposed to be interpreted by make.
If the intent is simply to modify the variable SOME_TEXT and print the result then you can have either...
all: sum.o even.o main.o pi.o
#$(COMPILER) -o output.exe sum.o even.o main.o pi.o
#echo $(subst la,La,$(SOME_TEXT))
or, let make assign to SOME_TEXT_2...
SOME_TEXT_2 := $(subst la,La,$(SOME_TEXT))
all: sum.o even.o main.o pi.o
#$(COMPILER) -o output.exe sum.o even.o main.o pi.o
#echo $(SOME_TEXT_2)
Related
I'm trying to add function iceemdan() to the open source library libeemd.c. I'm trying to debug it with an IDE. The make file's first call to clang result's in clang's inability to find the gsl library, even though it is present and the make file upon which the IDE's make file is based has no trouble linking to gsl.
Here's the make file output (gsl errors and context only) using the Codelite IDE make file:
Executing Pre Build commands ...
Done
make[1]: Leaving directory '/Users/Common/iceemdan-dev/iceemdan-dev/iceemdan-clang'
make[1]: Entering directory '/Users/Common/iceemdan-dev/iceemdan-dev/iceemdan-clang'
clang -o ./Debug/iceemdan-clang #"iceemdan-clang.txt" -L.
Undefined symbols for architecture x86_64:
"_gsl_linalg_solve_tridiag", referenced from:
_emd_evaluate_spline in main.c.o
"_gsl_poly_dd_eval", referenced from:
_emd_evaluate_spline in main.c.o
"_gsl_poly_dd_init", referenced from:
_emd_evaluate_spline in main.c.o
"_gsl_ran_gaussian", referenced from:
_iceemdan in main.c.o
_eemd in main.c.o
_ceemdan in main.c.o
"_gsl_rng_alloc", referenced from:
_allocate_eemd_workspace in main.c.o
"_gsl_rng_free", referenced from:
_free_eemd_workspace in main.c.o
"_gsl_rng_mt19937", referenced from:
_allocate_eemd_workspace in main.c.o
"_gsl_rng_set", referenced from:
_set_rng_seed in main.c.o
"_gsl_set_error_handler_off", referenced from:
_iceemdan in main.c.o
_eemd in main.c.o
_ceemdan in main.c.o
_emd_evaluate_spline in main.c.o
"_gsl_sf_sin", referenced from:
_main in main.c.o
"_gsl_stats_sd", referenced from:
_iceemdan in main.c.o
_eemd in main.c.o
_ceemdan in main.c.o
"_gsl_strerror", referenced from:
_emd_evaluate_spline in main.c.o
"_gsl_vector_view_array", referenced from:
_emd_evaluate_spline in main.c.o
ld: symbol(s) not found for architecture x86_64
clang: error: linker command failed with exit code 1 (use -v to see invocation)
make[1]: *** [iceemdan-clang.mk:82: Debug/iceemdan-clang] Error 1
make[1]: Leaving directory '/Users/Common/iceemdan-dev/iceemdan-dev/iceemdan-clang'
make: *** [Makefile:5: All] Error 2
This make file, a modification of the package make file to run on the Mac, works:
.PHONY: all clean install uninstall
version := 1.4.1
gsl_flags := $(shell pkg-config --libs --cflags gsl)
ifeq ($(gsl_flags),)
$(error Failed to query GSL complilation flags from pkg-config)
endif
gsl_flags += -DHAVE_INLINE
commonflags := -Wall -Wextra -std=c99 -pedantic -Wno-unknown-pragmas -Wshadow -Wpointer-arith
commonflags += $(CFLAGS)
commonflags += -g -DEEMD_DEBUG=0
#commonflags += -fopenmp
commonflags += -DCLANG
PREFIX ?= /usr
SONAME = -soname
ifeq ($(shell uname -s),Darwin)
SONAME = -install_name
endif
define uninstall_msg
If you used $(PREFIX) as the prefix when running `make install`,
you can undo the install by removing these files:
$(PREFIX)/include/eemd.h
$(PREFIX)/lib/libeemd.a
$(PREFIX)/lib/libeemd.so
$(PREFIX)/lib/libeemd.so.$(version)
endef
export uninstall_msg
all: libeemd.so.$(version) libeemd.a eemd.h
clean:
rm -f libeemd.so libeemd.so.$(version) libeemd.a eemd.h obj/eemd.o
rm -rf obj
install:
install -d $(PREFIX)/include
install -d $(PREFIX)/lib
install -m644 eemd.h $(PREFIX)/include
install -m644 libeemd.a $(PREFIX)/lib
install libeemd.so.$(version) $(PREFIX)/lib
cp -Pf libeemd.so $(PREFIX)/lib
uninstall:
#echo "$$uninstall_msg"
obj:
mkdir -p obj
obj/eemd.o: src/eemd.c src/eemd.h | obj
clang $(commonflags) -c $< $(gsl_flags) -o $#
libeemd.a: obj/eemd.o
$(AR) rcs $# $^
libeemd.so.$(version): src/eemd.c src/eemd.h
clang $(commonflags) $< -fPIC -shared -Wl,$(SONAME),$# $(gsl_flags) -o $#
ln -sf $# libeemd.so
eemd.h: src/eemd.h
cp $< $#
The Codelite second level make file is here. (The first level merely calls it.) I'm running in a different directory to avoid overwriting my good code.
##
## Auto Generated makefile by CodeLite IDE
## any manual changes will be erased
##
## Debug
ProjectName :=iceemdan-clang
ConfigurationName :=Debug
WorkspacePath :=/Users/Common/iceemdan-dev/iceemdan-dev
ProjectPath :=/Users/Common/iceemdan-dev/iceemdan-dev/iceemdan-clang
IntermediateDirectory :=./Debug
OutDir := $(IntermediateDirectory)
CurrentFileName :=
CurrentFilePath :=
CurrentFileFullPath :=
User :=Coleman Family
Date :=08/08/2018
CodeLitePath :="/Users/Common/Library/Application Support/CodeLite"
LinkerName :=clang
SharedObjectLinkerName :=clang -shared -fPIC
ObjectSuffix :=.o
DependSuffix :=
PreprocessSuffix :=.o.i
DebugSwitch :=-gstab
IncludeSwitch :=-I
LibrarySwitch :=-l
OutputSwitch :=-o
LibraryPathSwitch :=-L
PreprocessorSwitch :=-D
SourceSwitch :=-c
OutputFile :=$(IntermediateDirectory)/$(ProjectName)
Preprocessors :=
ObjectSwitch :=-o
ArchiveOutputSwitch :=
PreprocessOnlySwitch :=-E
ObjectsFileList :="iceemdan-clang.txt"
PCHCompileFlags :=
MakeDirCommand :=mkdir -p
LinkOptions :=
IncludePath := $(IncludeSwitch). $(IncludeSwitch).
IncludePCH :=
RcIncludePath :=
Libs :=
ArLibs :=
LibPath := $(LibraryPathSwitch).
##
## Common variables
## AR, CXX, CC, AS, CXXFLAGS and CFLAGS can be overriden using an environment variables
##
AR := ar rcus
CXX := clang++
CC := clang
CXXFLAGS := -g -O0 -Wall $(Preprocessors)
CFLAGS := $(commonflags) $< -fPIC -shared -Wl $# $(gsl_flags) -o $# $(Preprocessors)
ASFLAGS :=
AS := llvm-as
##
## User defined environment variables
##
CodeLiteDir:=/Applications/codelite.app/Contents/SharedSupport/
PATH:=/Users/Common/usr/local/bin:/Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/2.7/bin:/Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/3.5/bin:/opt/local/bin:/opt/local/sbin:/Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/2.7/bin:/usr/local/bin:/usr/bin:/bin:/usr/sbin:/sbin:/opt/X11/bin:/Library/TeX/texbin:/opt/local/include
Srcs=main.c
Objects0=$(IntermediateDirectory)/main.c$(ObjectSuffix)
Objects=$(Objects0)
##
## Main Build Targets
##
.PHONY: all clean PreBuild PrePreBuild PostBuild MakeIntermediateDirs
all: $(OutputFile)
$(OutputFile): $(IntermediateDirectory)/.d $(Objects)
#$(MakeDirCommand) $(#D)
#echo "" > $(IntermediateDirectory)/.d
#echo $(Objects0) > $(ObjectsFileList)
$(LinkerName) $(OutputSwitch)$(OutputFile) #$(ObjectsFileList) $(LibPath) $(Libs) $(LinkOptions)
MakeIntermediateDirs:
#test -d ./Debug || $(MakeDirCommand) ./Debug
$(IntermediateDirectory)/.d:
#test -d ./Debug || $(MakeDirCommand) ./Debug
PreBuild:
#echo Executing Pre Build commands ...
$(eval gsl_flags = -L/opt/local/lib -lgsl -lgslcblas -lm -I/opt/local/include -DHAVE_INLINE)
$(eval commonflags := -Wall -Wextra -std=c99 -pedantic -Wno-unknown-pragmas -Wshadow -Wpointer-arith)
$(eval commonflags += $(CFLAGS))
$(eval commonflags += -g -DEEMD_DEBUG=0)
$(eval commonflags += -DCLANG)
$(eval PREFIX ?= /usr)
#echo Done
# all
Debug/main.c.o: main.c
#src/eemd.h | Debug
clang $(commonflags) -c $< $(gsl_flags) -o $#
Debug/main.c.a: Debug/main.c.o
$(AR) rcs $# $^
eemd: main.c src/eemd.h
clang $(commonflags) $< -fPIC -shared -Wl, ,$# $(gsl_flags) -o $#
My apologies for the length of this post. In the past, I've only run unmodified make files, not debug them. So, a lot of this is new and not transparent to me. I'd appreciate any help.
I had to trick the command for building main.c.o using global variables.
I'm devloping application on nRf51 for that i'm using...
SDK : nRF51_SDK_7.2.0_cf547b5
Tool chain : GNU tools arm Embedded [arm-none-eabi version 4.9.3]
Dev Board : PCA10028(nRF51 DK)
I'm using following example.
C:\nRF51_SDK_7.2.0_cf547b5\examples\peripheral\blinky
When i compile this example using makefile at location C:\nRF51_SDK_7.2.0_cf547b5\examples\peripheral\blinky\pca10028\blank\armgcc
it compiles well and also generate binary/hex.
I want to move this blinky example to D Drive. So now my example is at location D:\blinky.
I'm compiling this example using makefile at location D:\blinky\pca10028\blank\armgcc
I have Modified SDK PATH in makefile as per this
PROJECT_NAME := blinky_blank_pca10028
export OUTPUT_FILENAME
#MAKEFILE_NAME := $(CURDIR)/$(word $(words $(MAKEFILE_LIST)),$(MAKEFILE_LIST))
MAKEFILE_NAME := $(MAKEFILE_LIST)
MAKEFILE_DIR := $(dir $(MAKEFILE_NAME) )
TOOLCHAIN_PATH = C:/nRF51_SDK_7.2.0_cf547b5
TEMPLATE_PATH = $(TOOLCHAIN_PATH)/components/toolchain/gcc
ifeq ($(OS),Windows_NT)
include $(TEMPLATE_PATH)/Makefile.windows
else
include $(TEMPLATE_PATH)/Makefile.posix
endif
MK := mkdir
RM := rm -rf
#echo suspend
ifeq ("$(VERBOSE)","1")
NO_ECHO :=
else
NO_ECHO := #
endif
# Toolchain commands
CC := "$(GNU_INSTALL_ROOT)/bin/$(GNU_PREFIX)-gcc"
AS := "$(GNU_INSTALL_ROOT)/bin/$(GNU_PREFIX)-as"
AR := "$(GNU_INSTALL_ROOT)/bin/$(GNU_PREFIX)-ar" -r
LD := "$(GNU_INSTALL_ROOT)/bin/$(GNU_PREFIX)-ld"
NM := "$(GNU_INSTALL_ROOT)/bin/$(GNU_PREFIX)-nm"
OBJDUMP := "$(GNU_INSTALL_ROOT)/bin/$(GNU_PREFIX)-objdump"
OBJCOPY := "$(GNU_INSTALL_ROOT)/bin/$(GNU_PREFIX)-objcopy"
SIZE := "$(GNU_INSTALL_ROOT)/bin/$(GNU_PREFIX)-size"
#function for removing duplicates in a list
remduplicates = $(strip $(if $1,$(firstword $1) $(call remduplicates,$(filter-out $(firstword $1),$1))))
#source common to all targets
C_SOURCE_FILES += \
$(TOOLCHAIN_PATH)/components/toolchain/system_nrf51.c \
../../../Main.c \
$(TOOLCHAIN_PATH)/components/drivers_nrf/hal/nrf_delay.c \
#assembly files common to all targets
ASM_SOURCE_FILES = $(TOOLCHAIN_PATH)/components/toolchain/gcc/gcc_startup_nrf51.s
#includes common to all targets
INC_PATHS = -I../../../
INC_PATHS += -I$(TOOLCHAIN_PATH)/components/toolchain/gcc
INC_PATHS += -I$(TOOLCHAIN_PATH)/components/toolchain
INC_PATHS += -I$(TOOLCHAIN_PATH)/components/drivers_nrf/hal
INC_PATHS += -I$(TOOLCHAIN_PATH)/examples/peripheral/bsp
INC_PATHS += -I$(TOOLCHAIN_PATH)/examples/bsp
OBJECT_DIRECTORY = _build
LISTING_DIRECTORY = $(OBJECT_DIRECTORY)
OUTPUT_BINARY_DIRECTORY = $(OBJECT_DIRECTORY)
# Sorting removes duplicates
BUILD_DIRECTORIES := $(sort $(OBJECT_DIRECTORY) $(OUTPUT_BINARY_DIRECTORY) $(LISTING_DIRECTORY) )
#flags common to all targets
CFLAGS = -DNRF51
CFLAGS += -DBSP_DEFINES_ONLY
CFLAGS += -DBOARD_PCA10028
CFLAGS += -mcpu=cortex-m0
CFLAGS += -mthumb -mabi=aapcs --std=gnu99
CFLAGS += -Wall -Werror -O3
CFLAGS += -mfloat-abi=soft
# keep every function in separate section. This will allow linker to dump unused functions
CFLAGS += -ffunction-sections -fdata-sections -fno-strict-aliasing
CFLAGS += -flto -fno-builtin
# keep every function in separate section. This will allow linker to dump unused functions
LDFLAGS += -Xlinker -Map=$(LISTING_DIRECTORY)/$(OUTPUT_FILENAME).map
LDFLAGS += -mthumb -mabi=aapcs -L $(TEMPLATE_PATH) -T$(LINKER_SCRIPT)
LDFLAGS += -mcpu=cortex-m0
# let linker to dump unused sections
LDFLAGS += -Wl,--gc-sections
# use newlib in nano version
LDFLAGS += --specs=nano.specs -lc -lnosys
# Assembler flags
ASMFLAGS += -x assembler-with-cpp
ASMFLAGS += -DNRF51
ASMFLAGS += -DBSP_DEFINES_ONLY
ASMFLAGS += -DBOARD_PCA10028
#default target - first one defined
default: clean nrf51422_xxac
#building all targets
all: clean
$(NO_ECHO)$(MAKE) -f $(MAKEFILE_NAME) -C $(MAKEFILE_DIR) -e cleanobj
$(NO_ECHO)$(MAKE) -f $(MAKEFILE_NAME) -C $(MAKEFILE_DIR) -e nrf51422_xxac
#target for printing all targets
help:
#echo following targets are available:
#echo nrf51422_xxac
C_SOURCE_FILE_NAMES = $(notdir $(C_SOURCE_FILES))
C_PATHS = $(call remduplicates, $(dir $(C_SOURCE_FILES) ) )
C_OBJECTS = $(addprefix $(OBJECT_DIRECTORY)/, $(C_SOURCE_FILE_NAMES:.c=.o) )
ASM_SOURCE_FILE_NAMES = $(notdir $(ASM_SOURCE_FILES))
ASM_PATHS = $(call remduplicates, $(dir $(ASM_SOURCE_FILES) ))
ASM_OBJECTS = $(addprefix $(OBJECT_DIRECTORY)/, $(ASM_SOURCE_FILE_NAMES:.s=.o) )
vpath %.c $(C_PATHS)
vpath %.s $(ASM_PATHS)
OBJECTS = $(C_OBJECTS) $(ASM_OBJECTS)
nrf51422_xxac: OUTPUT_FILENAME := nrf51422_xxac
nrf51422_xxac: LINKER_SCRIPT=$(TOOLCHAIN_PATH)/components/toolchain/gcc/gcc_nrf51_blank_xxac.ld
nrf51422_xxac: $(BUILD_DIRECTORIES) $(OBJECTS)
#echo Linking target: $(OUTPUT_FILENAME).out
$(NO_ECHO)$(CC) $(LDFLAGS) $(OBJECTS) $(LIBS) -o $(OUTPUT_BINARY_DIRECTORY)/$(OUTPUT_FILENAME).out
$(NO_ECHO)$(MAKE) -f $(MAKEFILE_NAME) -C $(MAKEFILE_DIR) -e finalize
## Create build directories
$(BUILD_DIRECTORIES):
#echo $(MAKEFILE_NAME)
$(MK) $#
# Create objects from C SRC files
$(OBJECTS):
$(OBJECT_DIRECTORY)/%.o: %.c
#echo Compiling file: $(notdir $<)
$(NO_ECHO)$(CC) $(CFLAGS) $(INC_PATHS) -c -o $# $<
# Assemble files
$(OBJECT_DIRECTORY)/%.o: %.s
#echo Compiling file: $(notdir $<)
$(NO_ECHO)$(CC) $(ASMFLAGS) $(INC_PATHS) -c -o $# $<
# Link
$(OUTPUT_BINARY_DIRECTORY)/$(OUTPUT_FILENAME).out: $(BUILD_DIRECTORIES) $(OBJECTS)
#echo Linking target: $(OUTPUT_FILENAME).out
$(NO_ECHO)$(CC) $(LDFLAGS) $(OBJECTS) $(LIBS) -o $(OUTPUT_BINARY_DIRECTORY)/$(OUTPUT_FILENAME).out
## Create binary .bin file from the .out file
$(OUTPUT_BINARY_DIRECTORY)/$(OUTPUT_FILENAME).bin: $(OUTPUT_BINARY_DIRECTORY)/$(OUTPUT_FILENAME).out
#echo Preparing: $(OUTPUT_FILENAME).bin
$(NO_ECHO)$(OBJCOPY) -O binary $(OUTPUT_BINARY_DIRECTORY)/$(OUTPUT_FILENAME).out $(OUTPUT_BINARY_DIRECTORY)/$(OUTPUT_FILENAME).bin
## Create binary .hex file from the .out file
$(OUTPUT_BINARY_DIRECTORY)/$(OUTPUT_FILENAME).hex: $(OUTPUT_BINARY_DIRECTORY)/$(OUTPUT_FILENAME).out
#echo Preparing: $(OUTPUT_FILENAME).hex
$(NO_ECHO)$(OBJCOPY) -O ihex $(OUTPUT_BINARY_DIRECTORY)/$(OUTPUT_FILENAME).out $(OUTPUT_BINARY_DIRECTORY)/$(OUTPUT_FILENAME).hex
finalize: genbin genhex echosize
genbin:
#echo Preparing: $(OUTPUT_FILENAME).bin
$(NO_ECHO)$(OBJCOPY) -O binary $(OUTPUT_BINARY_DIRECTORY)/$(OUTPUT_FILENAME).out $(OUTPUT_BINARY_DIRECTORY)/$(OUTPUT_FILENAME).bin
## Create binary .hex file from the .out file
genhex:
#echo Preparing: $(OUTPUT_FILENAME).hex
$(NO_ECHO)$(OBJCOPY) -O ihex $(OUTPUT_BINARY_DIRECTORY)/$(OUTPUT_FILENAME).out $(OUTPUT_BINARY_DIRECTORY)/$(OUTPUT_FILENAME).hex
echosize:
-#echo ""
$(NO_ECHO)$(SIZE) $(OUTPUT_BINARY_DIRECTORY)/$(OUTPUT_FILENAME).out
-#echo ""
clean:
$(RM) $(BUILD_DIRECTORIES)
cleanobj:
$(RM) $(BUILD_DIRECTORIES)/*.o
flash: $(MAKECMDGOALS)
#echo Flashing: $(OUTPUT_BINARY_DIRECTORY)/$<.hex
nrfjprog --reset --program $(OUTPUT_BINARY_DIRECTORY)/$<.hex
When i'm compiling this using "make" in cmd.exe then i get
D:\blinky\pca10028\blank\armgcc>make
rm -rf _build
makefile
mkdir _build
Compiling file: Main.c
Linking target: nrf51422_xxac.out
arm-none-eabi-gcc.exe: error: _build/system_nrf51.o: No such file or directory
arm-none-eabi-gcc.exe: error: _build/nrf_delay.o: No such file or directory
arm-none-eabi-gcc.exe: error: _build/gcc_startup_nrf51.o: No such file or directory
make: *** [nrf51422_xxac] Error 1
Any solution on this?
Thank you.
It seems that your absolute source file paths are incorrect :
$(TOOLCHAIN_PATH)/components/toolchain/system_nrf51.c
$(TOOLCHAIN_PATH)/components/drivers_nrf/hal/nrf_delay.c
$(TOOLCHAIN_PATH)/components/toolchain/gcc/gcc_startup_nrf51.s
preventing the corresponding objects from being built.
Please update TOOLCHAIN_PATH - or use another variable - to reflect your new D: location.
I'm devloping application on nRf51 for that i'm using:
Compiler: GNU ARM C cross compiler[gcc]
SDK: nRF51_SDK_7.2.0_cf547b5
Tool chain: GNU tools arm Embedded [arm-none-eabi version 4.9.3]
I'm trying to create a makefile in which all source file directories and object directories are different. My makefile needs rules to target *.o files whose source files are on different directories than the project directory. How should I modify the makefile, so that it can compile a C source file from a different directory?
after executing make in cmd.exe, I get:
rm -rf _build
makefile
mkdir _build
make: *** No rule to make target `_build/system_nrf51.o', needed by `nrf51422_xxac'. Stop.
My Makefile looks something like:
`PROJECT_NAME := blinky_blank_pca10028
export OUTPUT_FILENAME
#MAKEFILE_NAME := $(CURDIR)/$(word $(words $(MAKEFILE_LIST)),$(MAKEFILE_LIST))
MAKEFILE_NAME := $(MAKEFILE_LIST)
MAKEFILE_DIR := $(dir $(MAKEFILE_NAME) )
TOOLCHAIN_PATH = C:/nRF51_SDK_7.2.0_cf547b5
TEMPLATE_PATH = $(TOOLCHAIN_PATH)/components/toolchain/gcc
ifeq ($(OS),Windows_NT)
include $(TEMPLATE_PATH)/Makefile.windows
else
include $(TEMPLATE_PATH)/Makefile.posix
endif
MK := mkdir
RM := rm -rf
#echo suspend
ifeq ("$(VERBOSE)","1")
NO_ECHO :=
else
NO_ECHO := #
endif
# Toolchain commands
CC := "$(GNU_INSTALL_ROOT)/bin/$(GNU_PREFIX)-gcc"
AS := "$(GNU_INSTALL_ROOT)/bin/$(GNU_PREFIX)-as"
AR := "$(GNU_INSTALL_ROOT)/bin/$(GNU_PREFIX)-ar" -r
LD := "$(GNU_INSTALL_ROOT)/bin/$(GNU_PREFIX)-ld"
NM := "$(GNU_INSTALL_ROOT)/bin/$(GNU_PREFIX)-nm"
OBJDUMP := "$(GNU_INSTALL_ROOT)/bin/$(GNU_PREFIX)-objdump"
OBJCOPY := "$(GNU_INSTALL_ROOT)/bin/$(GNU_PREFIX)-objcopy"
SIZE := "$(GNU_INSTALL_ROOT)/bin/$(GNU_PREFIX)-size"
#function for removing duplicates in a list
remduplicates = $(strip $(if $1,$(firstword $1) $(call remduplicates,$(filter-out $(firstword $1),$1))))
#source common to all targets
C_SOURCE_FILES += \
$(TOOLCHAIN_PATH)/components/toolchain/system_nrf51.c \
../../../Main.c \
$(TOOLCHAIN_PATH)/components/drivers_nrf/hal/nrf_delay.c \
#assembly files common to all targets
ASM_SOURCE_FILES = $(TOOLCHAIN_PATH)/components/toolchain/gcc/gcc_startup_nrf51.s
#includes common to all targets
INC_PATHS = -I../../../
INC_PATHS += -I$(TOOLCHAIN_PATH)/components/toolchain/gcc
INC_PATHS += -I$(TOOLCHAIN_PATH)/components/toolchain
INC_PATHS += -I$(TOOLCHAIN_PATH)/components/drivers_nrf/hal
INC_PATHS += -I$(TOOLCHAIN_PATH)/examples/peripheral/bsp
OBJECT_DIRECTORY = _build
LISTING_DIRECTORY = $(OBJECT_DIRECTORY)
OUTPUT_BINARY_DIRECTORY = $(OBJECT_DIRECTORY)
# Sorting removes duplicates
BUILD_DIRECTORIES := $(sort $(OBJECT_DIRECTORY) $(OUTPUT_BINARY_DIRECTORY) $(LISTING_DIRECTORY) )
#flags common to all targets
CFLAGS = -DNRF51
CFLAGS += -DBSP_DEFINES_ONLY
CFLAGS += -DBOARD_PCA10028
CFLAGS += -mcpu=cortex-m0
CFLAGS += -mthumb -mabi=aapcs --std=gnu99
CFLAGS += -Wall -Werror -O3
CFLAGS += -mfloat-abi=soft
# keep every function in separate section. This will allow linker to dump unused functions
CFLAGS += -ffunction-sections -fdata-sections -fno-strict-aliasing
CFLAGS += -flto -fno-builtin
# keep every function in separate section. This will allow linker to dump unused functions
LDFLAGS += -Xlinker -Map=$(LISTING_DIRECTORY)/$(OUTPUT_FILENAME).map
LDFLAGS += -mthumb -mabi=aapcs -L $(TEMPLATE_PATH) -T$(LINKER_SCRIPT)
LDFLAGS += -mcpu=cortex-m0
# let linker to dump unused sections
LDFLAGS += -Wl,--gc-sections
# use newlib in nano version
LDFLAGS += --specs=nano.specs -lc -lnosys
# Assembler flags
ASMFLAGS += -x assembler-with-cpp
ASMFLAGS += -DNRF51
ASMFLAGS += -DBSP_DEFINES_ONLY
ASMFLAGS += -DBOARD_PCA10028
#default target - first one defined
default: clean nrf51422_xxac
#building all targets
all: clean
$(NO_ECHO)$(MAKE) -f $(MAKEFILE_NAME) -C $(MAKEFILE_DIR) -e cleanobj
$(NO_ECHO)$(MAKE) -f $(MAKEFILE_NAME) -C $(MAKEFILE_DIR) -e nrf51422_xxac
#target for printing all targets
help:
#echo following targets are available:
#echo nrf51422_xxac
C_SOURCE_FILE_NAMES = $(notdir $(C_SOURCE_FILES))
C_PATHS = $(call remduplicates, $(dir $(C_SOURCE_FILES) ) )
C_OBJECTS = $(addprefix $(OBJECT_DIRECTORY)/, $(C_SOURCE_FILE_NAMES:.c=.o) )
ASM_SOURCE_FILE_NAMES = $(notdir $(ASM_SOURCE_FILES))
ASM_PATHS = $(call remduplicates, $(dir $(ASM_SOURCE_FILES) ))
ASM_OBJECTS = $(addprefix $(OBJECT_DIRECTORY)/, $(ASM_SOURCE_FILE_NAMES:.s=.o) )
vpath %.c $(C_PATHS)
vpath %.s $(ASM_PATHS)
OBJECTS = $(C_OBJECTS) $(ASM_OBJECTS)
nrf51422_xxac: OUTPUT_FILENAME := nrf51422_xxac
nrf51422_xxac: LINKER_SCRIPT=$(TOOLCHAIN_PATH)/components/toolchain/gcc/gcc_nrf51_blank_xxac.ld
nrf51422_xxac: $(BUILD_DIRECTORIES) $(OBJECTS)
#echo Linking target: $(OUTPUT_FILENAME).out
$(NO_ECHO)$(CC) $(LDFLAGS) $(OBJECTS) $(LIBS) -o $(OUTPUT_BINARY_DIRECTORY)/$(OUTPUT_FILENAME).out
$(NO_ECHO)$(MAKE) -f $(MAKEFILE_NAME) -C $(MAKEFILE_DIR) -e finalize
## Create build directories
$(BUILD_DIRECTORIES):
#echo $(MAKEFILE_NAME)
$(MK) $#
# Create objects from C SRC files
$(OBJECT_DIRECTORY)/%.o: %.c
#echo Compiling file: $(notdir $<)
$(NO_ECHO)$(CC) $(CFLAGS) $(INC_PATHS) -c -o $# $<
# Assemble files
$(OBJECT_DIRECTORY)/%.o: %.s
#echo Compiling file: $(notdir $<)
$(NO_ECHO)$(CC) $(ASMFLAGS) $(INC_PATHS) -c -o $# $<
# Link
$(OUTPUT_BINARY_DIRECTORY)/$(OUTPUT_FILENAME).out: $(BUILD_DIRECTORIES) $(OBJECTS)
#echo Linking target: $(OUTPUT_FILENAME).out
$(NO_ECHO)$(CC) $(LDFLAGS) $(OBJECTS) $(LIBS) -o $(OUTPUT_BINARY_DIRECTORY)/$(OUTPUT_FILENAME).out
## Create binary .bin file from the .out file
$(OUTPUT_BINARY_DIRECTORY)/$(OUTPUT_FILENAME).bin: $(OUTPUT_BINARY_DIRECTORY)/$(OUTPUT_FILENAME).out
#echo Preparing: $(OUTPUT_FILENAME).bin
$(NO_ECHO)$(OBJCOPY) -O binary $(OUTPUT_BINARY_DIRECTORY)/$(OUTPUT_FILENAME).out $(OUTPUT_BINARY_DIRECTORY)/$(OUTPUT_FILENAME).bin
## Create binary .hex file from the .out file
$(OUTPUT_BINARY_DIRECTORY)/$(OUTPUT_FILENAME).hex: $(OUTPUT_BINARY_DIRECTORY)/$(OUTPUT_FILENAME).out
#echo Preparing: $(OUTPUT_FILENAME).hex
$(NO_ECHO)$(OBJCOPY) -O ihex $(OUTPUT_BINARY_DIRECTORY)/$(OUTPUT_FILENAME).out $(OUTPUT_BINARY_DIRECTORY)/$(OUTPUT_FILENAME).hex
finalize: genbin genhex echosize
genbin:
#echo Preparing: $(OUTPUT_FILENAME).bin
$(NO_ECHO)$(OBJCOPY) -O binary $(OUTPUT_BINARY_DIRECTORY)/$(OUTPUT_FILENAME).out $(OUTPUT_BINARY_DIRECTORY)/$(OUTPUT_FILENAME).bin
## Create binary .hex file from the .out file
genhex:
#echo Preparing: $(OUTPUT_FILENAME).hex
$(NO_ECHO)$(OBJCOPY) -O ihex $(OUTPUT_BINARY_DIRECTORY)/$(OUTPUT_FILENAME).out $(OUTPUT_BINARY_DIRECTORY)/$(OUTPUT_FILENAME).hex
echosize:
-#echo ""
$(NO_ECHO)$(SIZE) $(OUTPUT_BINARY_DIRECTORY)/$(OUTPUT_FILENAME).out
-#echo ""
clean:
$(RM) $(BUILD_DIRECTORIES)
cleanobj:
$(RM) $(BUILD_DIRECTORIES)/*.o
flash: $(MAKECMDGOALS)
#echo Flashing: $(OUTPUT_BINARY_DIRECTORY)/$<.hex
nrfjprog --reset --program $(OUTPUT_BINARY_DIRECTORY)/$<.hex`
Thank you in advance.
I am working on programming a nrf51822 evaluation board(This one). I have been looking at this site to program it and have gotten the blinking program to work.
I want to modify the makefile provided on the site previously mentioned, such that when I go along I pretty much only have to add to the list of files to compile. Below is what I have been trying to get to work, but I am not very good with makefiles.
CC := /opt/arm-2012.09/bin/arm-none-eabi-gcc
OBJCOPY := /opt/arm-2012.09/bin/arm-none-eabi-objcopy
NRF51_SDK := /opt/nrf51sdk
NRF51_INCLUDE := $(NRF51_SDK)/Nordic/nrf51822/Include
NRF51_SRC := $(NRF51_SDK)/Nordic/nrf51822/Source
CPU := cortex-m0
BOARD := BOARD_PCA10001
OBJDIR = .
OBJDIR += $(SRC)/templates/
INCLUDEDIRS = $(NRF51_INCLUDE)
INCLUDEDIRS += $(NRF51_INCLUDE)/gcc
DEFINE = BOARD_PCA10001
DEFINE += NRF51
CFLAGS = -mcpu=$(CPU)
CFLAGS +=-mthumb
CFLAGS += $(patsubst %,-D%, $(DEFINE))
CFLAGS += $(patsubst %,-I%, $(INCLUDEDIRS))
CFLAGS += -c
SRC = main.c
SRC += $(NRF51_SRC)/templates/system_nrf51.c
SRC += $(NRF51_SRC)/nrf_delay/nrf_delay.c
ASSEMBLY_SRC += $(NRF51_SRC)/templates/gcc/gcc_startup_nrf51.s
all: main.bin main.hex
%.o : %.c
#echo "Compiling: " $<
$(CC) $(CFLAGS) $<
%.o : %.s
#echo "Compiling: " $<
$(CC) $(CFLAGS) $<
main.out: $(SRC) $(ASSEMBLY_SRC)
$(CC) -L"/opt/arm-2012.09/arm-none-eabi/lib/armv6-m" -L"/opt/arm-2012.09/lib/gcc/arm-none-eabi/4.7.2/armv6-m" -Xlinker -Map=main.map -mcpu=$(CPU) -mthumb -mabi=aapcs -T$(NRF51_SDK)/Nordic/nrf51822/Source/templates/gcc/gcc_linker_script_nrf51.ld main.o system_nrf51.o nrf_delay.o gcc_startup_nrf51.o -o main.out
main.bin: main.out
$(OBJCOPY) -O binary main.out main.bin
main.hex: main.out
$(OBJCOPY) -O ihex main.out main.hex
install: main.bin
sed 's#\[\[--filename--\]\]#$(PWD)/main.bin#' segger/burn-template.seg > burn.seg
./segger/segger.sh $(PWD)/burn.seg
clean:
rm *.o *.out *.hex *.seg *.map *.bin *.hex
When it runs make it just outputs the following:
/opt/arm-2012.09/bin/arm-none-eabi-gcc -L"/opt/arm-2012.09/arm-none-eabi/lib/armv6-m" -L"/opt/arm-2012.09/lib/gcc/arm-none-eabi/4.7.2/armv6-m" -Xlinker -Map=main.map -mcpu=cortex-m0 -mthumb -mabi=aapcs -T/opt/nrf51sdk/Nordic/nrf51822/Source/templates/gcc/gcc_linker_script_nrf51.ld main.o system_nrf51.o nrf_delay.o gcc_startup_nrf51.o -o main.out
arm-none-eabi-gcc: error: main.o: No such file or directory
arm-none-eabi-gcc: error: system_nrf51.o: No such file or directory
arm-none-eabi-gcc: error: nrf_delay.o: No such file or directory
arm-none-eabi-gcc: error: gcc_startup_nrf51.o: No such file or directory
make: *** [main.out] Error 1
Is there anyone around here that can help me with this?
(Copied answer from OP Edit to Solution)
The OP Wrote:
I just figured it out, and am sharing it if anyone wants to know how I did it. Also if anyone would like to comment on how to make it 'better'
CC := /opt/arm-2012.09/bin/arm-none-eabi-gcc
OBJCOPY := /opt/arm-2012.09/bin/arm-none-eabi-objcopy
NRF51_SDK := /opt/nrf51sdk
NRF51_INCLUDE := $(NRF51_SDK)/Nordic/nrf51822/Include
NRF51_SRC := $(NRF51_SDK)/Nordic/nrf51822/Source
CPU := cortex-m0
BOARD := BOARD_PCA10001
INCLUDEDIRS = $(NRF51_INCLUDE)
INCLUDEDIRS += $(NRF51_INCLUDE)/gcc
DEFINE = BOARD_PCA10001
DEFINE += NRF51
# For the compiler stage
CFLAGS = -mcpu=$(CPU)
CFLAGS += -mthumb
CFLAGS += $(patsubst %,-D%, $(DEFINE))
CFLAGS += $(patsubst %,-I%, $(INCLUDEDIRS))
CFLAGS += -Wall
# For the Linker stage
LDIRS = /opt/arm-2012.09/arm-none-eabi/lib/armv6-m
LDIRS += /opt/arm-2012.09/lib/gcc/arm-none-eabi/4.7.2/armv6-m
TDIRS = $(NRF51_SRC)/templates/gcc/gcc_linker_script_nrf51.ld
LFLAGS = -mcpu=$(CPU)
LFLAGS += -mthumb
LFLAGS += -mabi=aapcs
LFLAGS += -Wall
LFLAGS += $(patsubst %, -L%, $(LDIRS))
LFLAGS += $(patsubst %, -T%, $(TDIRS))
# Source files to compile
SRC = main.c
SRC += $(NRF51_SRC)/templates/system_nrf51.c
SRC += $(NRF51_SRC)/nrf_delay/nrf_delay.c
ASSEMBLY_SRC += $(NRF51_SRC)/templates/gcc/gcc_startup_nrf51.s
OBJ = $(SRC:.c=.o) $(ASSEMBLY_SRC:.s=.o)
# Default target
all: begin gcc_version build end
build: main.bin main.hex
main.out: $(OBJ)
#echo
#echo "Linking compiled file. Output will be saved to: " $#
$(CC) $(LFLAGS) $(notdir $(OBJ)) -o $#
main.bin: main.out
#echo
#echo "Making binary file. Output will be saved to: " $#
$(OBJCOPY) -O binary main.out main.bin
main.hex: main.out
#echo
#echo "Making hex file. Output will be saved to: " $#
$(OBJCOPY) -O ihex main.out main.hex
upload: all
#echo
#echo "Uploading file to MCU: "
sed 's#\[\[--filename--\]\]#$(PWD)/main.bin#' segger/burn-template.seg > burn.seg
./segger/segger.sh $(PWD)/burn.seg
clean:
rm *.o *.out *.hex *.seg *.map *.bin *.hex
# Eye Candy
begin:
#echo
#echo "---------- begin ----------"
end:
#echo
#echo "----------- end -----------"
gcc_version:
#echo
#$(CC) --version
# General Rule for compiling C source files
%.o : %.c
#echo
#echo "Compiling: " $(notdir $<)
$(CC) $(CFLAGS) -c $< -o $(notdir $#)
# General Rule for compiling assembly source files
%.o : %.s
#echo
#echo "Compiling: " $(notdir $<)
$(CC) $(CFLAGS) -c $< -o $(notdir $#)
This at least works for now :)
I have to create different *.o files from a same set of *.c using various CFLAGS. I wanted to use patsubst to generate different *.o files from same *.c. I am doing something wrong the following statement, please help (I want to generate one set of object files having ($<)_O0.o and the other ($<)_O2.o from the same set of c source files):
$(CC) $(CFLAGS_02) -c $< -o $(patsubst %.c,%_O2.o,$<)
Thanks
Use patsubst to make lists of the objects that you want to build, and then use separate rules for each type of build.
Something like this:
SRC_FILES = source1.c source2.c
OBJ_FILES_O0 = $(patsubst %.c,%_O0.o,$(SRC_FILES))
OBJ_FILES_O2 = $(patsubst %.c,%_O2.o,$(SRC_FILES))
CFLAGS_O0 := -O0
CFLAGS_O2 := -O2
all: $(OBJ_FILES_O0) $(OBJ_FILES_O2)
$(OBJ_FILES_O0): %_O0.o: %.c
$(CC) $(CFLAGS_O0) -c $< -o $#
$(OBJ_FILES_O2): %_O2.o: %.c
$(CC) $(CFLAGS_O2) -c $< -o $#
You can also use wild cards to specify all files in the directory.
eg:
#Generic Makefile.
CC := g++
LD := g++
CFLAGS := -c
LDFLAGS := -L<path to lib> -l<libname> \
-L<path to lib> -l>libname> \
......................
ifeq (${TARGETARCH}, debug)
CFLAGS += -g -O0
elif
CFLAGS += -O4 -DNDEBUG
SRCFILES := $(wildcard *.cpp)
OBJFILES := $(patsubst %.cpp, %.o, ${SRCFILES})
all: main
main: ${OBJFILES}
#echo "[Linking]"$#
${LD} ${LDFLAGS} ${OBJFILES}
%.o: %.cpp
#echo "[Compiling]"$#
${CC} ${CFLAGS} $^ -o $#