so I am trying to animate a dotted line moving down the screen... like the white dashed lines moving past you on a road. It was easy enough for me to draw the dotted line:
import pygame
GREY = (211, 211, 211)
WHITE = (255, 255, 255)
pygame.init()
screen = pygame.display.set_mode(800, 600)
pygame.display.set_caption("Line Test")
clock = pygame.time.Clock()
running = True
while running:
clock.tick(60)
for event in pygame.event,get():
if event.type == pygame.QUIT:
running = False
all_sprites.update()
screen.fill(GREY)
dash = 0
for i in range(30):
pygame.draw.line(screen, WHITE, [400, 1 + dash], [400, dash + 10], 6)
dash += 20
all_sprites.draw(screen)
pygame.display.flip()
pygame.quit()
But I am trying to animate that line in a Class so it appears it is constantly moving down. So far no luck, only being able to get a single dash moving down the screen with:
class Line(pygame.sprite.Sprite):
def __init__(self):
pygame.sprite.Sprite.__init__(self)
self.image = pygame.Surface((6, 10))
self.image.fill(WHITE)
self.rect = self.image.get_rect()
self.last_uodate = pygame.time.get_ticks()
self.rect.x = 400
dash = 0
for i in range(30):
self.rect.y = 0 + dash
dash += 20
self.speedy = 5
def update(self):
self.rect.y += self.speedy
if self.rect.y > 600:
now = pygame.time.get_ticks()
if now - self.last_update > 0:
self.last_update = now
self.rect.x = 400
self.rect.y = 0
self.speedy = 5
all_sprites = pygame.sprite.Group()
line = pygame.sprite.Group()
for i in range(30):
ln = Line()
all_sprites.add(ln)
line.add(ln)
Any suggestion or tell me where I've gone wrong? This only produces single dash going down screen and not full dotted line top to bottom constantly moving.
As this link was quiet and didn't get the feedback I was hoping for, I played around some more in Pygame and in the end, just used sprite images on road lines. I was able to use about 4 separate ones each in their own Class starting at different rect.y locations off the top of the screen and have the self.speedy the same for them all and then when reaching off the bottom of the screen, all restarting from -20 y position. This gave the seamless flow of it all being on continuous road line moving down the screen. If anyone wants the code I used I'd be happy to post.
I would still like if someone could tell me how to do it within one Class.
Related
Im having problems with blitting images to rect objects in pygame. i have a background image blitted to my main pygame window, and also an image blitted to a rect object on the screen which moves. the problem i am having is the rect object is overlapping my background image when its moving around. i was looking to only be able to see the green helicopter shape and not the black outline around it. sorry if i havent explained this very well. will try to include all files im using.
Thanks for any help
import pygame as pg
import random as r
import time
pg.init()
MAX_X = 1190
MAX_Y = 590
MIN_X = 10
MIN_Y = 10
SIZE = 100
SPEED = 1
COLOR = (0,255,0)
move_amount = 0
wn = pg.display.set_mode((1200, 600))
BG_IMG = pg.image.load('bg.png').convert()
BG_IMG = pg.transform.scale(BG_IMG, (1200, 600))
class Wall (pg.Rect):
def __init__(self, posX, posY):
self.xcor = posX
self.ycor = posY
self.rect = None
class Heli (pg.Rect):
def __init__(self, posX, posY):
self.image = pg.image.load('art.png').convert()
self.rect = self.image.get_rect()
self.xcor = posX
self.ycor = posY
# top and bottom constant walls
TOP = pg.Rect(MIN_X, MIN_Y, MAX_X, 3)
BOTTOM = pg.Rect(MIN_X, MAX_Y, MAX_X, 3)
heli = Heli(MIN_X, MAX_Y //2)
# keep moving walls in a list
moving_walls = [Wall(MAX_X, r.randint((MIN_Y + 10), (MAX_Y - 10)))]
# main loop
while True:
# fill screen
wn.fill('black')
# editing objects to move
# blitting must happen before everything else
pg.draw.rect(wn,COLOR, heli.rect)
wn.blit(BG_IMG, (0,0))
wn.blit(heli.image, heli.rect)
heli.rect.y += move_amount
heli.rect.y += 1
# use a variable to control how much movement is happening
# movement happens continuosly
# if key down it oves if key up it doesnt
for wall in moving_walls :
wall.rect = pg.Rect(wall.xcor, wall.ycor, 3, SIZE)
pg.draw.rect(wn, COLOR, wall.rect)
wall.xcor -= SPEED
if wall.xcor < MIN_X + 10:
wall.xcor = MAX_X
wall.ycor = r.randint((MIN_Y), (MAX_Y - SIZE))
# drawing all objects back to the screen
pg.draw.rect(wn, COLOR, TOP)
pg.draw.rect(wn, COLOR, BOTTOM)
# update window
pg.display.update()
# event handling
for ev in pg.event.get():
if ev.type == pg.KEYDOWN:
if ev.key == pg.K_UP:
move_amount = -3
if ev.type == pg.KEYUP:
move_amount = 0
if ev.type == pg.QUIT:
pg.quit()
time.sleep(0.01)
You discard the transparency information of the image. You have to use convert_alpha instead of convert:
self.image = pg.image.load('art.png').convert()
self.image = pg.image.load('art.png').convert_alpha()
The pygame documentation notes that:
The returned Surface will contain the same color format, colorkey and alpha transparency as the file it came from. You will often want to call convert() with no arguments, to create a copy that will draw more quickly on the screen.
For alpha transparency, like in .png images, use the convert_alpha() method after loading so that the image has per pixel transparency.
See also How can I make an Image with a transparent Backround in Pygame?
Running:
MacOS Catalina 10.15.3
Python 3.7.6.
Pygame 1.9.6
I just started programming and I am trying to run a reinforcement learning Pygame code (link: https://github.com/harvitronix/reinforcement-learning-car). When I run python3.7 -m pygame.examples.aliens I see the test window + sound and everything works.
However when I try to run the code for the game I am trying to get working I at first only saw the loading wheel, I fixed the loading wheel by putting in the following loop. `
pygame.display.update()
while True:
for event in pygame.event.get():
if event.type == pygame.QUIT:
pygame.quit()
quit()
When I try to run it now, I only see a black pygame window pop-up, so no loading wheel but also not the game, it also seems like the game doesn't run in the background (this was the case without the above loop). See the complete original code below:
import random
import math
import numpy as np
import pygame
from pygame.color import THECOLORS
import sys
import pymunk
from pymunk.vec2d import Vec2d
from pymunk.pygame_util import draw
# PyGame init
width = 1000
height = 700
pygame.init()
screen = pygame.display.set_mode((width, height))
clock = pygame.time.Clock()
# Turn off alpha since we don't use it.
screen.set_alpha(None)
# Showing sensors and redrawing slows things down.
show_sensors = True
draw_screen = True
class GameState:
def __init__(self):
# Global-ish.
self.crashed = False
# Physics stuff.
self.space = pymunk.Space()
self.space.gravity = pymunk.Vec2d(0., 0.)
# Create the car.
self.create_car(100, 100, 0.5)
# Record steps.
self.num_steps = 0
# Create walls.
static = [
pymunk.Segment(
self.space.static_body,
(0, 1), (0, height), 1),
pymunk.Segment(
self.space.static_body,
(1, height), (width, height), 1),
pymunk.Segment(
self.space.static_body,
(width-1, height), (width-1, 1), 1),
pymunk.Segment(
self.space.static_body,
(1, 1), (width, 1), 1)
]
for s in static:
s.friction = 1.
s.group = 1
s.collision_type = 1
s.color = THECOLORS['red']
self.space.add(static)
# Create some obstacles, semi-randomly.
# We'll create three and they'll move around to prevent over-fitting.
self.obstacles = []
self.obstacles.append(self.create_obstacle(200, 350, 100))
self.obstacles.append(self.create_obstacle(700, 200, 125))
self.obstacles.append(self.create_obstacle(600, 600, 35))
# Create a cat.
self.create_cat()
def create_obstacle(self, x, y, r):
c_body = pymunk.Body(pymunk.inf, pymunk.inf)
c_shape = pymunk.Circle(c_body, r)
c_shape.elasticity = 1.0
c_body.position = x, y
c_shape.color = THECOLORS["blue"]
self.space.add(c_body, c_shape)
return c_body
def create_cat(self):
inertia = pymunk.moment_for_circle(1, 0, 14, (0, 0))
self.cat_body = pymunk.Body(1, inertia)
self.cat_body.position = 50, height - 100
self.cat_shape = pymunk.Circle(self.cat_body, 30)
self.cat_shape.color = THECOLORS["orange"]
self.cat_shape.elasticity = 1.0
self.cat_shape.angle = 0.5
direction = Vec2d(1, 0).rotated(self.cat_body.angle)
self.space.add(self.cat_body, self.cat_shape)
def create_car(self, x, y, r):
inertia = pymunk.moment_for_circle(1, 0, 14, (0, 0))
self.car_body = pymunk.Body(1, inertia)
self.car_body.position = x, y
self.car_shape = pymunk.Circle(self.car_body, 25)
self.car_shape.color = THECOLORS["green"]
self.car_shape.elasticity = 1.0
self.car_body.angle = r
driving_direction = Vec2d(1, 0).rotated(self.car_body.angle)
self.car_body.apply_impulse(driving_direction)
self.space.add(self.car_body, self.car_shape)
def frame_step(self, action):
if action == 0: # Turn left.
self.car_body.angle -= .2
elif action == 1: # Turn right.
self.car_body.angle += .2
# Move obstacles.
if self.num_steps % 100 == 0:
self.move_obstacles()
# Move cat.
if self.num_steps % 5 == 0:
self.move_cat()
driving_direction = Vec2d(1, 0).rotated(self.car_body.angle)
self.car_body.velocity = 100 * driving_direction
# Update the screen and stuff.
screen.fill(THECOLORS["black"])
draw(screen, self.space)
self.space.step(1./10)
if draw_screen:
pygame.display.flip()
clock.tick()
# Get the current location and the readings there.
x, y = self.car_body.position
readings = self.get_sonar_readings(x, y, self.car_body.angle)
normalized_readings = [(x-20.0)/20.0 for x in readings]
state = np.array([normalized_readings])
# Set the reward.
# Car crashed when any reading == 1
if self.car_is_crashed(readings):
self.crashed = True
reward = -500
self.recover_from_crash(driving_direction)
else:
# Higher readings are better, so return the sum.
reward = -5 + int(self.sum_readings(readings) / 10)
self.num_steps += 1
return reward, state
def move_obstacles(self):
# Randomly move obstacles around.
for obstacle in self.obstacles:
speed = random.randint(1, 5)
direction = Vec2d(1, 0).rotated(self.car_body.angle + random.randint(-2, 2))
obstacle.velocity = speed * direction
def move_cat(self):
speed = random.randint(20, 200)
self.cat_body.angle -= random.randint(-1, 1)
direction = Vec2d(1, 0).rotated(self.cat_body.angle)
self.cat_body.velocity = speed * direction
def car_is_crashed(self, readings):
if readings[0] == 1 or readings[1] == 1 or readings[2] == 1:
return True
else:
return False
def recover_from_crash(self, driving_direction):
"""
We hit something, so recover.
"""
while self.crashed:
# Go backwards.
self.car_body.velocity = -100 * driving_direction
self.crashed = False
for i in range(10):
self.car_body.angle += .2 # Turn a little.
screen.fill(THECOLORS["grey7"]) # Red is scary!
draw(screen, self.space)
self.space.step(1./10)
if draw_screen:
pygame.display.flip()
clock.tick()
def sum_readings(self, readings):
"""Sum the number of non-zero readings."""
tot = 0
for i in readings:
tot += i
return tot
def get_sonar_readings(self, x, y, angle):
readings = []
"""
Instead of using a grid of boolean(ish) sensors, sonar readings
simply return N "distance" readings, one for each sonar
we're simulating. The distance is a count of the first non-zero
reading starting at the object. For instance, if the fifth sensor
in a sonar "arm" is non-zero, then that arm returns a distance of 5.
"""
# Make our arms.
arm_left = self.make_sonar_arm(x, y)
arm_middle = arm_left
arm_right = arm_left
# Rotate them and get readings.
readings.append(self.get_arm_distance(arm_left, x, y, angle, 0.75))
readings.append(self.get_arm_distance(arm_middle, x, y, angle, 0))
readings.append(self.get_arm_distance(arm_right, x, y, angle, -0.75))
if show_sensors:
pygame.display.update()
return readings
def get_arm_distance(self, arm, x, y, angle, offset):
# Used to count the distance.
i = 0
# Look at each point and see if we've hit something.
for point in arm:
i += 1
# Move the point to the right spot.
rotated_p = self.get_rotated_point(
x, y, point[0], point[1], angle + offset
)
# Check if we've hit something. Return the current i (distance)
# if we did.
if rotated_p[0] <= 0 or rotated_p[1] <= 0 \
or rotated_p[0] >= width or rotated_p[1] >= height:
return i # Sensor is off the screen.
else:
obs = screen.get_at(rotated_p)
if self.get_track_or_not(obs) != 0:
return i
if show_sensors:
pygame.draw.circle(screen, (255, 255, 255), (rotated_p), 2)
# Return the distance for the arm.
return i
def make_sonar_arm(self, x, y):
spread = 10 # Default spread.
distance = 20 # Gap before first sensor.
arm_points = []
# Make an arm. We build it flat because we'll rotate it about the
# center later.
for i in range(1, 40):
arm_points.append((distance + x + (spread * i), y))
return arm_points
def get_rotated_point(self, x_1, y_1, x_2, y_2, radians):
# Rotate x_2, y_2 around x_1, y_1 by angle.
x_change = (x_2 - x_1) * math.cos(radians) + \
(y_2 - y_1) * math.sin(radians)
y_change = (y_1 - y_2) * math.cos(radians) - \
(x_1 - x_2) * math.sin(radians)
new_x = x_change + x_1
new_y = height - (y_change + y_1)
return int(new_x), int(new_y)
def get_track_or_not(self, reading):
if reading == THECOLORS['black']:
return 0
else:
return 1
if __name__ == "__main__":
game_state = GameState()
while True:
game_state.frame_step((random.randint(0, 2)))
I don't think the issue is with my python version because the test runs normal. Anybody see the issue?
Thanks!
Problem solved. I put the loop in the beginning of the code but it should have gone beneath:
if draw_screen:
pygame.display.flip()
In the game our character jumps on platforms in order to move higher. My game resolution is 600x600. I have a picture that's going to be my background and has resolution of 600x1000. I'm trying to setup a background that progressively moves or changes as we go higher. So that when I get higher, the background shows not the bottom of the original picture (Y-axis 400-1000), but shows, for example, the middle part of the picture (Y-axis 200-800).
So far I haven't been able to figure out a way how to blit 600x600 image from 600x1000 image. It's like I want to cut the upper part of the original picture so that it fits. Could you help me with this?
I'm sorry if I didn't explain it properly. How do I blit a non-distorted, smaller-sized image from a bigger-sized image. The background I have in mind should look like from an android game called "Happy Jump".
Thank you for reading.
Have a good day.
enter image description here
import pygame
pygame.init()
run = True
surf = pygame.display.set_mode((600, 600))
img = pygame.image.load('image.jpg')
down = -400
center_of_screen = 300
maximum_limit_of_down = 0
class Player(pygame.sprite.Sprite):
def __init__(self):
pygame.sprite.Sprite.__init__(self)
self.image = pygame.Surface((40, 40))
self.image.fill((255, 0, 0))
self.rect = self.image.get_rect()
self.rect.center = (300, 570)
self.isJump = False
self.jumpCount = 10
def update(self):
global down
key = pygame.key.get_pressed()
if key[pygame.K_UP] and not self.isJump:
self.isJump = True
if self.isJump:
if self.rect.y > center_of_screen or (down >= maximum_limit_of_down):
if self.jumpCount >= 0:
self.rect.y = self.rect.y - (self.jumpCount ** 2) * 0.5
self.jumpCount -= 1
else:
self.jumpCount = 10
self.isJump = False
if down >= maximum_limit_of_down:
down = maximum_limit_of_down
else:
if self.jumpCount >= 0:
down = down + (self.jumpCount ** 2) * 0.5
self.jumpCount -= 1
else:
self.jumpCount = 10
self.isJump = False
player = Player()
all_sprite = pygame.sprite.Group()
all_sprite.add(player)
clock = pygame.time.Clock()
while run:
clock.tick(60)
for event in pygame.event.get():
if event.type == pygame.QUIT:
run = False
surf.fill((0, 0, 0))
surf.blit(img, (0, down))
all_sprite.update()
all_sprite.draw(surf)
pygame.display.update()
This will help you, sorry for the Image i used whatever i found
I'm trying to create a game that is similar to line rider. I've kind of programmed a pencil right now except that the lines are scattered objects.
I want to be able to connect those red dots to make a smooth line so that the ball can roll across it.
It should more look like this
This is my code
function love.load()
printx = 0 --position to be drawn on when the mouse is pressed
printy = 0 --position to be drawn on when the mouse is pressed
love.physics.setMeter(64) --the height of a meter our worlds will be 64px
world = love.physics.newWorld(0, 9.81*64, true) --The world the everything exists in. Horizontal gravity=0. Bertical gravity=9.81. True says that the world is allowed to sleep.
objects = {} -- table to hold all our physical objects
--let's create the ground
objects.lines = {}
objects.ground = {}
objects.ground.body = love.physics.newBody(world, 650/2, 650-50/2)
objects.ground.shape = love.physics.newRectangleShape(650, 50) --make a rectangle with a width of 650 and a height of 50
objects.ground.fixture = love.physics.newFixture(objects.ground.body, objects.ground.shape); --attach shape to body
--let's create a ball
objects.ball = {}
objects.ball.body = love.physics.newBody(world, 650/2, 600, "dynamic") --Determines where the object will start. In the center of the world and dynamic(moves around)
objects.ball.shape = love.physics.newCircleShape(20) --the ball's shape has a radius of 20
objects.ball.fixture = love.physics.newFixture(objects.ball.body, objects.ball.shape, 1) -- Attach fixture to body and give it a density of 1.
--initial graphics setup
love.graphics.setBackgroundColor(0.41, 0.53, 0.97) --set the background color to a nice blue
love.window.setMode(650, 650) --set the window dimensions to 650 by 650
end
function love.update(dt)
world:update(dt) --this puts the world into motion
if love.mouse.isDown(1) then
local printx = love.mouse.getX()
local printy = love.mouse.getY()
line = {}
line.body = love.physics.newBody(world, printx, printy, "static")
line.shape = love.physics.newRectangleShape(0, 0, 5, 5)
line.fixture = love.physics.newFixture(line.body, line.shape, 5) -- A higher density gives it more mass.
table.insert(objects.lines, line)
love.graphics.setColor(50,50,50)
love.graphics.polygon("fill", line.body:getWorldPoints(line.shape:getPoints()))
end
end
function love.draw()
love.graphics.setColor(0.28, 0.63, 0.05) -- set the drawing color to green for the ground
love.graphics.polygon("fill", objects.ground.body:getWorldPoints(objects.ground.shape:getPoints())) -- draw a "filled in" polygon using the ground's coordinates
love.graphics.setColor(0.76, 0.18, 0.05) --set the drawing color to red for the ball
love.graphics.circle("fill", objects.ball.body:getX(), objects.ball.body:getY(), objects.ball.shape:getRadius())
for _, block in pairs(objects.lines) do
love.graphics.polygon("fill", block.body:getWorldPoints(block.shape:getPoints()))
end
end
Within love.update
if not love.mouse.isDown(1) then
oldx = nil
oldy = nil
end
--draw lines when the mouse is down
if love.mouse.isDown(1) then
local printx = love.mouse.getX() + Camera.x --x coordinate of the mouse
local printy = love.mouse.getY() + Camera.y --y coordinate of the mouse
if oldx ~= nil then
line = {}
line.x1 = oldx
line.x2 = printx
line.y1 = oldy
line.y2 = printy
line.body = love.physics.newBody(world, 0, 0, "static")
line.shape = love.physics.newEdgeShape(printx, printy, oldx, oldy)
line.fixture = love.physics.newFixture(line.body, line.shape, 5)
table.insert(objects.lines, line)
end
oldx = printx
oldy = printy
end
Within love.draw()
for _, line in pairs(objects.lines) do
love.graphics.line( line.x1 - Camera.x, line.y1 - Camera.y, line.x2 - Camera.x, line.y2 - Camera.y) --:getWorldPoints(block.shape:getPoints()))
end
I'm trying to code a program that can take text and animate it to bounce on a loop, like a ball bouncing to the floor. I used a similar piece of code I found a starting point as I'm still fairly new to Pygame (thank you Pete Shinners, whoever you are), but after updating the code and playing with it for a long time I still can't get it to blit to the screen correctly. The text starts above the rendered area and then gradually falls into view, but the top part of the text is cut off.
I've tried moving the blitted region around the window and resizing the rectangles and surface the program is using, but nothing seems to fix it.
import os, sys, math, pygame, pygame.font, pygame.image
from pygame.locals import *
def bounce():
# define constants
G = 0.98
FLOOR = 0
COEFFICIENT = 0.8
#define variables
ball = 500
direction = 'DOWN'
v = 0
count = 0
#create array to store data
array = [ball]
while True:
if count == 4:
return array
elif ball > FLOOR and direction == 'DOWN':
v += G
if (ball - v) >= FLOOR:
ball = ball - v
array.append(round(ball,2))
else:
ball = FLOOR
array.append(round(ball,2))
direction = 'UP'
v *= COEFFICIENT
count += 1
elif ball >= FLOOR and direction == 'UP':
v -= G
if (ball + v) >= FLOOR:
ball = ball + v
array.append(round(ball,2))
if v <= 0:
direction = 'DOWN'
else:
ball = FLOOR
array.append(ball)
direction = 'UP'
v *= COEFFICIENT
class textBouncy:
array = bounce()
def __init__(self, font, message, fontcolor, amount=10):
# Render the font message
self.base = font.render(message, 0, fontcolor)
# bounce amount (height)
self.amount = amount
#size = rect of maximum height/width of text
self.size = self.base.get_rect().inflate(0, amount).size
#normalise array to meet height restriction
self.array = [round(-x/(500/amount),2) for x in array]
def animate(self):
# create window surface s
s = pygame.Surface(self.size)
# height = max inflated height
height = self.size[1]
# define a step-sized rectangle in the location of the step
src = Rect(0, 0, self.base.get_width(), height)
# moves the message according to the array list.
dst = src.move(0, self.array[i])
if (i + 1) == len(self.array):
global i
i = 0
# blits the information onto the screen
s.blit(self.base, dst, src)
return s
entry_info = 'Bouncing ball text'
if __name__ == '__main__':
pygame.init()
#create text renderer
i = 0
array = bounce()
bigfont = pygame.font.Font(None, 60)
white = 255, 255, 255
renderer = textBouncy(bigfont, entry_info, white, 16)
text = renderer.animate()
#create a window the correct size
win = pygame.display.set_mode(text.get_size())
win.blit(text, (0, 10))
pygame.display.flip()
#run animation loop
finished = 0
while True:
pygame.time.delay(10)
for event in pygame.event.get():
if event.type == QUIT:
pygame.quit()
sys.exit()
text = renderer.animate()
i += 1
win.blit(text, (0, 10)) # blits the finished product from animate
pygame.display.flip()
(Quote) "it all comes down to math really" Kay so you need to - the y axis when you want to make it go up and + the x axis to make it go side ways you could make it go up and down will moveing it horizontally and then when it reaches a point it will stop moving horizontally and just bonce up and down +ing it more every time
That was my 100$ which took me 5 mins to write
After revisiting this I managed to work this out - I needed to add everything I blitted down to compensate for the bounce up. So in the __init__function:
self.array = [round(-x/(500/amount),2)**+self.amount** for x in array]
Works perfectly now :)