This program displays a home circuit breaker panel. the user can view what is on each breaker on the panel (data taken from an imported dictionary of entered breaker panel info) or the user can check what breakers control any list zone (kitchen basement, etc) The breakerville program closes when the user decides and is supposed to play a wave file at the close. It doesn't play after the program is made into an exe with pyinstaller just the windows 'beep'.
I am suspecting that I may need to edit the spec file to get the wave file to work after compiled. Is this correct and if so how? Do I need to modify the spec file?
from playsound import playsound # CURRENTLY USING
from chart import chart
from BreakerZones import BreakerZones
import time
import sys
import colorama
import yaml # to print the nested_lookup results(n) on separate lines
from nested_lookup import nested_lookup, get_all_keys # importing 2 items from nested_lookup
from colorama import Fore, Back, Style
colorama.init(autoreset=True) # If you don't want to print Style.RESET_ALL all the time,
# reset automatically after each print statement with True
print(colorama.ansi.clear_screen())
print('\n'*4) # prints a newline 4 times
print(Fore.MAGENTA + ' Arriving-' + Fore.GREEN + ' *** BREAKERVILLE USA ***')
def main():
print('\n' * 2)
print(Fore.BLUE + ' Breaker Numbers and Zones')
k = get_all_keys(BreakerZones)
# raw amount of keys even repeats , has quotes
new_l = [] # eliminate extra repeating nested keys
for e in k: # has quotes
if e not in new_l and sorted(e) not in new_l: #
new_l.append(e) #
print()
new_l.sort() # make alphabetical
newer_l = ('%s' % ', '.join(map(str, new_l)).strip("' ,")) # remove ['%s'] brackets so they don't show up when run
print(' ', yaml.dump(newer_l, default_flow_style=False)) # strip("' ,") or will see leading "' ," in output
print(Fore.BLUE + ' ENTER A BREAKER # OR ZONE', Fore.GREEN + ': ', end='')
i = input().strip().lower() # these lines is workaround for the colorama
print() # user input() issue of 'code' appearing in screen output
if i in k:
n = (nested_lookup(i, BreakerZones, wild=False, with_keys=False)) # wild=True means key not case sensitive,
print(yaml.dump(n, default_flow_style=False)) # 'with_keys' returns values + keys also
# for key, value in n.items(): eliminated by using yaml
# print(key, '--', value) eliminated by using yaml
else:
print(Fore.YELLOW + ' Typo,' + Fore.GREEN + ' try again')
main()
print()
print(Fore.GREEN + ' Continue? Y or N: C for breaker chart : ', end='') # see comments ENTER A BREAKER
ans = input().strip().lower() # strip() removes any spaces before or after user input
if ans == 'c':
chart()
print()
print(Fore.GREEN + ' Continue? Y or N : ', end='')
ans = input().strip().lower() # strip() removes any spaces before or after user input
if ans == 'y': # shorter version 'continue Y or N' after printing breaker chart
main()
else:
print()
print(Fore.MAGENTA + ' Departing -' + Fore.GREEN + ' *** BREAKERVILLE ***')
playsound('train whistle.wav')
time.sleep(2) # delay to exit program
sys.exit()
elif ans != 'y':
print()
print(Fore.MAGENTA + ' Good Day -' + Fore.GREEN + ' *** BREAKERVILLE ***')
playsound('train whistle.wav') #CURRENTLY USING
time.sleep(2) # delay to exit program
sys.exit()
else:
main()
main()
For the records: The issue is fixed by providing full path to the sound file.
This is probably linked to the implementation of playsound and how it determines what is the current working directory. Please refer to https://pyinstaller.readthedocs.io/en/stable/runtime-information.html#run-time-information for a better understanding of that topic with pyinstaller
Related
I've been working on creating a YAML re-formatter based on ruamel.yaml (which you can see here).
I'm currently using version 0.17.20.
Cleaning up comments and whitespace has been difficult. I want to:
ensure there is only one space before the # for EOL comments
align full line comments with the key or item immediately following
remove duplicate blank lines so there is at most one blank line
To get closer to achieving that, I have a custom Emitter class where I extend write_comment to adjust the comments just before writing with super().write_comment(...). However, the Emitter does not know about which key or item comes next because comments are generally attached as post comments.
As I've studied the ruamel.yaml code to figure out how to do this, I found the rtsc mode (Round Trip Split Comments) which looks fantastic because it separates EOLComment, BlankLineComment and FullLineComment instead of lumping them together.
From what I can tell, the Parser and Scanner have been adjusted to capture the comments. So, loading is (mostly?) implemented with this "NEWCMNT" implementation. But Emitter.write_comment expects CommentToken instead of comment line numbers, so dumping does not work yet.
If I update my Emitter.write_comment method, is that enough to finish dumping? Or what else might be necessary? In one of my tries, I ran into a sys.exit in ScannedComments.assign_eol() - what else is needed to finish that?
PS: I wouldn't normally ask how to collaborate on StackOverflow, but this is not a bug report or a feature request, and I'm trying/failing to use a new (undocumented) feature, so I'm filing this here instead of sourceforge.
rtsc is work in progress cq work started but unfinished. It's internals will almost certainly change.
Two of the three points you indicate can relatively easy be implemented:
set the column of each comment to 0 ( by recursively going over a loaded data structure similar to here ) if the column is before the position of the end of the value on a line, you'll get one space between the value and the column
at the same time doing the recursion in the previous point. Take each comment value and do something like:
value = '\n'.join(line.strip() for line in value.splitlines()
while '\n\n\n' in value:
value = value.replace('\n\n\n', '\n\n')
The indentation to the following element is difficult, depends on the
data structure etc. Given that these are full line comments, I suggest
you do some postprocessing of the YAML document you generate:
find a full line comment, gather full line comments until next line is
not full line comment (i.e. some "real" YAML). Since full line comments
are in column[0] if the previous stuff is applied, you don't have to
track if you are in a (multi-line) literal or folded scalar string where
one of the lines happens to start with #
determine number of spaces
before real YAML and apply these to the full line comments.
import sys
import ruamel.yaml
yaml_str = """\
# the following is a example YAML doc
a:
- b: 42
# collapse multiple empty lines
c: |
# this is not a comment
it is the first line of a block style literal scalar
processing this gobbles a newline which doesn't go into a comment
# that is unless you have a (dedented) comment directly following
d: 42 # and some non-full line comment
e: # another one
# and some more comments to align
f: glitter in the dark near the Tannhäuser gate
"""
def redo_comments(d):
def do_one(comment):
if not comment:
return
comment.column = 0
value = '\n'.join(line.strip() for line in comment.value.splitlines()) + '\n'
while '\n\n\n' in value:
value = value.replace('\n\n\n', '\n\n')
comment.value = value
def do_values(v):
for x in v:
for comment in x:
do_one(comment)
def do_loc(v):
if v is None:
return
do_one(v[0])
if not v[1]:
return
for comment in v[1]:
do_one(comment)
if isinstance(d, dict):
do_loc(d.ca.comment)
do_values(d.ca.items.values())
for val in d.values():
redo_comments(val)
elif isinstance(d, list):
do_values(d.ca.items.values())
for elem in d:
redo_comments(elem)
def realign_full_line_comments(s):
res = []
buf = []
for line in s.splitlines(True):
if not buf:
if line and line[0] == '#':
buf.append(line)
else:
res.append(line)
else:
if line[0] in '#\n':
buf.append(line)
else:
# YAML line, determine indent
count = 0
while line[count] == ' ':
count += 1
if count > len(line):
break # superfluous?
indent = ' ' * count
for cline in buf:
if cline[0] == '\n': # empty
res.append(cline)
else:
res.append(indent + cline)
buf = []
res.append(line)
return ''.join(res)
yaml = ruamel.yaml.YAML()
# yaml.indent(mapping=4, sequence=4, offset=2)
# yaml.preserve_quotes = True
data = yaml.load(yaml_str)
redo_comments(data)
yaml.dump(data, sys.stdout, transform=realign_full_line_comments)
which gives:
# the following is a example YAML doc
a:
- b: 42
# collapse multiple empty lines
c: |
# this is not a comment
it is the first line of a block style literal scalar
processing this gobbles a newline which doesn't go into a comment
# that is unless you have a (dedented) comment directly following
d: 42 # and some non-full line comment
e: # another one
# and some more comments to align
f: glitter in the dark near the Tannhäuser gate
I'm practicing some basic coding, I'm running a simple math program running in the terminal on Visual Studio Code.
How do I create an option to return to the beginning of the program, or exit the program after getting caught in an if statement?
Example:
#beginning of program
user_input=input('Please select "this" or "that": ')
findings=user_input
If findings == this:
print(this)
# How can I redirect back to first user input question, instead
# of just ending here?
if findings == that:
print (that)
# Again, How do I redirect back to first user input, instead of
# the program ending here?
# Can I setup a Play_again here with options to return to user_input,
# or exit program? And then have all other If statements
# redirect here after completion? How would I do that? with
# another If? or with a for loop?
#end program
You can try wrapping the whole program in a while loop like this:
while(True):
user_input=input('Please select "this" or "that": ')
this = 'foo'
if user_input == this:
print(this)
continue
if user_input == this:
print(this)
continue
Unfortunately, that 'another technique' I thought of using didn't work.
Here's the code (the first example modified):
import sys
def main():
# Lots of setup code here.
def start_over():
return #Do nothing and continue from the next line
condition = 1==1 #Just a sample condition, replace it with "check(condition)".
float_condition = condition
def play(*just_define:bool):
if not just_define:
play_again = input('play again? "y" or "n"')
if play_again == 'y':
start_over() #Jump to the beginning of the prohram.
if play_again == 'n':
sys.exit() #Exit the program
while True:
if float_condition == True:
# print(float_condition)
play() #skip to play_again from here?
if float_condition == False:
#print(float_condition)
play() #skip to play_again from here?
#I removed the extra "main()" which was here because it'd cause an infinite loop-like error.
main()
Output:
play again? "y" or "n"y
play again? "y" or "n"n
Process finished with exit code 0
The * in the play(*just_define:bool) function makes the just_define parameter optional. Use the parameter if you want to only tell Python to search for this function, so it doesn't throw a ReferenceError and not execute anything that's after the line if not just_define:. How to call like so: play(just_define=True).
I've used nested functions. I've defined play so that you can call it from other places in your code.
Thanks to #Hack3r - I was finally able to choose to return back to the beginning of the program or exit out. But it resulted in a new issue. Now my print(results) are printing 4 or 5 times...
Here is the actual code I built and am working with:
def main():
math_Options=['Addition +','Subtraction -','Multiplication *','Division /']
math_func=['+','-','*','/']
for options in math_Options:
print(options)
print('Lets do some Math! What math function would you like to use? ')
while True:
my_Math_Function = input('Please make your choice from list above using the function symbol: ')
my_Number1=input('Please select your first number: ')
x=float(my_Number1)
print('Your 1st # is: ', x)
my_Number2=input('Please select your Second Number: ')
y=float(my_Number2)
print('Your 2nd # is: ', y)
z=float()
print('')
for Math_function in math_func:
if my_Math_Function == math_func[0]:
z=x+y
if my_Math_Function == math_func[1]:
z=x-y
if my_Math_Function == math_func[2]:
z=x*y
if my_Math_Function == math_func[3]:
z=x/y
if (z % 2) == 0 and z>0:
print(z, ' Is an EVEN POSITIVE Number')
if (z % 2) == 1 and z>0:
print(z, ' IS a ODD POSTIVE Number')
if (z % 2) == 0 and z<0:
print(z, ' Is an EVEN NEGATIVE Number')
if (z % 2) ==1 and z<0:
print(z, ' IS a ODD NEGATIVE Number')
if z==0:
print(z, 'Is is Equal to Zero')
print('')
play_again=input('Would you like to play again? "y" or "n" ')
if play_again == 'y':
continue
if play_again == 'n':
break
main()
main()
I am using biopython to (attempt to) write a script that will take my downloaded Sanger sequencing results from Genewiz (multiple sequences downloaded into a single FASTA file), create a new file with the sequence trimmed to my desired length, run the trimmed sequences on BLAST, and list the species of the top hit. As I am pretty new to bioinformatics and programming I am working through each of these parts step-by-step using the biopython cookbook as a framework. I have managed to get my trimmed sequences in a new file and BLAST to run (is it always that slow?) but am getting stuck now on parsing. Any help would be appreciated! I will edit/post more questions as I work through this program, but one step at a time.
Code so far:
import os
os.chdir('C:\\Users\\asmit\\Desktop\\Sequences\\Cytb')
print("Current folder: " + os.getcwd())
import Bio
from Bio import SeqIO
import glob
for filename in glob.iglob('*download.fasta'):
name = str(filename)
newname = str(filename.strip("_download.fasta") + "_trim.fasta")
print("File procesing: " + name)
with open(newname, "w") as f:
for seq_record in SeqIO.parse(open(name, mode = 'r'), "fasta"):
f.write(str(">" + seq_record.id + "\n"))
x = 31
while x < 411:
f.write(str(seq_record.seq[x:x+50])+ "\n")
x = x + 50
print("All files trimmed.")
from Bio.Blast import NCBIWWW
from Bio.Blast import NCBIXML
for filename in glob.iglob('*trim.fasta'):
name = str(filename)
newname = str(filename.strip(".fasta") + ".xml")
print("Running BLAST on " + name)
record = open(name).read()
result_handle = NCBIWWW.qblast("blastn", "nt", record, hitlist_size=1)
print("BLAST on " + name + " is complete.")
with open(newname, "w") as out_handle:
out_handle.write(result_handle.read())
out_handle.close()
result_handle.close()
print(newname + " is ready for parsing.")
print("All files BLASTed")
I am struggling to find a text comparison tool or algorithm that can compare an expected text against the current state of the text being typed.
I will have an experimentee typewrite a text that he has in front of his eyes. My idea is to compare the current state of the text against the expected text whenever something is typed. That way I want to find out when and what the subject does wrong (I also want to find errors that are not in the resulting text but were in the intermediate text for some time).
Can someone point me in a direction?
Update #1
I have access to the typing data in a csv format:
This is example output data of me typing "foOBar". Every line has the form (timestamp, Key, Press/Release)
17293398.576653,F,P
17293398.6885,F,R
17293399.135282,LeftShift,P
17293399.626881,LeftShift,R
17293401.313254,O,P
17293401.391732,O,R
17293401.827314,LeftShift,P
17293402.073046,O,P
17293402.184859,O,R
17293403.178612,B,P
17293403.301748,B,R
17293403.458137,LeftShift,R
17293404.966193,A,P
17293405.077869,A,R
17293405.725405,R,P
17293405.815159,R,R
In Python
Given your input csv file (I called it keyboard_records.csv)
17293398.576653,F,P
17293398.6885,F,R
17293399.135282,LeftShift,P
17293399.626881,LeftShift,R
17293401.313254,O,P
17293401.391732,O,R
17293401.827314,LeftShift,P
17293402.073046,O,P
17293402.184859,O,R
17293403.178612,B,P
17293403.301748,B,R
17293403.458137,LeftShift,R
17293404.966193,A,P
17293405.077869,A,R
17293405.725405,R,P
17293405.815159,R,R
The following code does the following:
Read its content and store it in a list named steps
For each step in steps recognizes what happened and
If it was a shift press or release sets a flag (shift_on) accordingly
If it was an arrow pressed moves the cursor (index of current where we insert characters) – if it the cursor is at the start or at the end of the string it shouldn't move, that's why those min() and max()
If it was a letter/number/symbol it adds it in curret at cursor position and increments cursor
Here you have it
import csv
steps = [] # list of all actions performed by user
expected = "Hello"
with open("keyboard.csv") as csvfile:
for row in csv.reader(csvfile, delimiter=','):
steps.append((float(row[0]), row[1], row[2]))
# Now we parse the information
current = [] # text written by the user
shift_on = False # is shift pressed
cursor = 0 # where is the cursor in the current text
for step in steps:
time, key, action = step
if key == 'LeftShift':
if action == 'P':
shift_on = True
else:
shift_on = False
continue
if key == 'LeftArrow' and action == 'P':
cursor = max(0, cursor-1)
continue
if key == 'RightArrow' and action == 'P':
cursor = min(len(current), cursor+1)
continue
if action == 'P':
if shift_on is True:
current.insert(cursor, key.upper())
else:
current.insert(cursor, key.lower())
cursor += 1
# Now you can join current into a string
# and compare current with expected
print(''.join(current)) # printing current (just to see what's happening)
else:
# What to do when a key is released?
# Depends on your needs...
continue
To compare current and expected have a look here.
Note: by playing around with the code above and a few more flags you can make it recognize also symbols. This will depend on your keyboard. In mine Shift + 6 = &, AltGr + E = € and Ctrl + Shift + AltGr + è = {. I think this is a good point to start.
Update
Comparing 2 texts isn't a difficult task and you can find tons of pages on the web about it.
Anyway I wanted to present you an object oriented approach to the problem, so I added the compare part that I previously omitted in the first solution.
This is still a rough code, without primary controls over the input. But, as you asked, this is pointing you in a direction.
class UserText:
# Initialize UserText:
# - empty text
# - cursor at beginning
# - shift off
def __init__(self, expected):
self.expected = expected
self.letters = []
self.cursor = 0
self.shift = False
# compares a and b and returns a
# list containing the indices of
# mismatches between a and b
def compare(a, b):
err = []
for i in range(min(len(a), len(b))):
if a[i] != b[i]:
err.append(i)
return err
# Parse a command given in the
# form (time, key, action)
def parse(self, command):
time, key, action = command
output = ""
if action == 'P':
if key == 'LeftShift':
self.shift = True
elif key == 'LeftArrow':
self.cursor = max(0, self.cursor - 1)
elif key == 'RightArrow':
self.cursor = min(len(self.letters), self.cursor + 1)
else:
# Else, a letter/number was pressed. Let's
# add it to self.letters in cursor position
if self.shift is True:
self.letters.insert(self.cursor, key.upper())
else:
self.letters.insert(self.cursor, key.lower())
self.cursor += 1
########## COMPARE WITH EXPECTED ##########
output += "Expected: \t" + self.expected + "\n"
output += "Current: \t" + str(self) + "\n"
errors = UserText.compare(str(self), self.expected[:len(str(self))])
output += "\t\t"
i = 0
for e in errors:
while i != e:
output += " "
i += 1
output += "^"
i += 1
output += "\n[{} errors at time {}]".format(len(errors), time)
return output
else:
if key == 'LeftShift':
self.shift = False
return output
def __str__(self):
return "".join(self.letters)
import csv
steps = [] # list of all actions performed by user
expected = "foobar"
with open("keyboard.csv") as csvfile:
for row in csv.reader(csvfile, delimiter=','):
steps.append((float(row[0]), row[1], row[2]))
# Now we parse the information
ut = UserText(expected)
for step in steps:
print(ut.parse(step))
The output for the csv file above was:
Expected: foobar
Current: f
[0 errors at time 17293398.576653]
Expected: foobar
Current: fo
[0 errors at time 17293401.313254]
Expected: foobar
Current: foO
^
[1 errors at time 17293402.073046]
Expected: foobar
Current: foOB
^^
[2 errors at time 17293403.178612]
Expected: foobar
Current: foOBa
^^
[2 errors at time 17293404.966193]
Expected: foobar
Current: foOBar
^^
[2 errors at time 17293405.725405]
I found the solution to my own question around a year ago. Now i have time to share it with you:
In their 2003 paper 'Metrics for text entry research: An evaluation of MSD and KSPC, and a new unified error metric', R. William Soukoreff and I. Scott MacKenzie propose three major new metrics: 'total error rate', 'corrected error rate' and 'not corrected error rate'. These metrics have become well established since the publication of this paper. These are exaclty the metrics i was looking for.
If you are trying to do something similiar to what i did, e.g. compare the writing performance on different input devices this is the way to go.
I am fairly new to coding, and am currently learning my first language (python) using the book "Learn Python the Hard Way" but this is not a specific exercise in the book and I am just practicing while I am reading code for Exercise 23 and am currently am just trying to figure out if this is even possible...
My first file is pr1.py:
def func():
a = float(raw_input("Enter Your Age:"))
b = float(raw_input("Enter Your Weight:"))
c = float(raw_input("Enter Your Height:"))
age = "a"
weight = "b"
height = "c"
if __name__ == "__main__":
print("This is pr1.py")
else:
print("%s is being imported to another file") % __name__
My second file is pr2.py
import pr1
def func():
x = raw_input("Enter Your Race:")
y = raw_input("Enter Your Gender:")
z = raw_input("Enter Your Language:")
print "Lets find your numbers"
pr1.func()
print "Lets find your identity"
func()
race = "x"
gender = "y"
language = "z"
if __name__ == "__main__":
print("This is pr2.py")
else:
print("%s is being imported into another file") % __name__
This is my 3rd file pr3.py
import pr1
print "%s = a %s = b %s = c" % (age, weight, height)
import pr2
print "%s = x, %s = y, %s = z" % (race, gender, language)
When I run pr3.py and comment out the scripts to "print" line 3 and line 7 this is what i get:
python pr3.py
pr1 is being imported to another file
Lets find your numbers
Enter Your Age:25
Enter Your Weight:224
Enter Your Height:76
Lets find your identity
Enter Your Race:white
Enter Your Gender:male
Enter Your Language:english
pr2 is being imported into another file
and I am expecting the pr3.py file to print those statement's with the previously defined variable's.
but instead it comes up with this error:
pr1 is being imported to another file
Traceback (most recent call last):
File "pr3.py", line 3, in <module>
print "%s = a %s = b %s = c" % (age, weight, height)
NameError: name 'age' is not defined
Now when I run my last file in the command, I am expecting it to import the previous 2 files, so I can input the data I put into raw_input, and then use use it in other files... but it seems like once both files get imported and I input the data into their respective raw_input's, it seems as if the pr3.py forget's the raw input and their corresponding variable's.
Please forgive me if I am totally lacking some obvious knowledge that could fix all this, but I am very new to coding and not even a month ago, I didn't even know you could create a directory in the terminal.
Thank's for reading and I would appreciate any help.
Okey, here are a couple of things.
First I will say which obvious things are wrong with your code.
After that I will show you an example of your code, using classes.
So, first:
age, weight, height are all defined in pr1.py, so eiter you need to refer to them as pr1.age, pr1.weight, pr1.height, or you from pr1 import age, weight, height. Same applies for race, gender, language in pr2.py
That said, you might expect to get what you inputted to be printed out. But you only assigned the characters 'a', 'b', 'c', 'x', 'y' and 'z' to those variables.
Also you print age, weight and height before you even run func() in pr2.py
So second: how do we fix this. First you need to think about in which order things are happening, when you do imports. Also you need to think about, if the variables you refer to, really are set anywhere.
In this case you set your raw_input's to variables insde a function, and they will only be accessible inside that function.
This can be fixed by using globals, or by making an object. I will reccommend using object (classes).
Since you say you are fairly new to programming, classes might seem over your head now, but when you get it, it solves alot of these problems.
Also you will get to classes soon enough in Learn Python The Hard Way soon enough.
To take your code as example:
pr1.py:
class Numbers:
def func(self):
self.age = float(raw_input("Enter Your Age:"))
self.weight = float(raw_input("Enter Your Weight:"))
self.height = float(raw_input("Enter Your Height:"))
if __name__ == "__main__":
print("This is pr1.py")
else:
print("%s is being imported to another file") % __name__
pr2.py:
from pr1 import Numbers
class Identity:
def func(self):
self.race = raw_input("Enter Your Race:")
self.gender = raw_input("Enter Your Gender:")
self.language = raw_input("Enter Your Language:")
print "Lets find your numbers"
nrs = Numbers()
nrs.func()
print "Lets find your identity"
ids = Identity()
ids.func()
if __name__ == "__main__":
print("This is pr2.py")
else:
print("%s is being imported into another file") % __name__
pr3.py:
from pr2 import *
print "%s = a %s = b %s = c" % (nrs.age, nrs.weight, nrs.height)
print "%s = x, %s = y, %s = z" % (ids.race, ids.gender, ids.language)