I am using the Boost library and I am having some linker issues. Currently my code is outputting this:
Undefined symbols for architecture x86_64:
"boost::program_options::to_internal(std::__1::basic_string<char, std::__1::char_traits, std::__1::allocator > const&)", referenced from:
std::__1::vector<std::__1::basic_string<char, std::__1::char_traits, std::__1::allocator >, std::__1::allocator<std::__1::basic_string<char, std::__1::char_traits, std::__1::allocator > > > boost::program_options::to_internal<std::__1::basic_string<char, std::__1::char_traits, std::__1::allocator > >(std::__1::vector<std::__1::basic_string<char, std::__1::char_traits, std::__1::allocator >, std::__1::allocator<std::__1::basic_string<char, std::__1::char_traits, std::__1::allocator > > > const&) in train_model_main.cc.o
"boost::program_options::variables_map::variables_map()", referenced from:
_main in train_model_main.cc.o (THE LIST CONTINUES)
At the bottom my code says this:
ld: symbol(s) not found for architecture x86_64
clang: error: linker command failed with exit code 1 (use -v to see invocation)
I am trying to use the program_options library from Boost, but the linking step seems to be failing. Here is how I link in my CMake file:
find_package(Boost 1.73.0 COMPONENTS program_options REQUIRED)
if(Boost_FOUND)
include_directories(${Boost_INCLUDE_DIRS})
add_executable(main ./apps/something.cc)
target_link_libraries( main program_options)
endif()
I believe that I am correctly linking the library, so what could be causing this issue?
I'm gonna copy and paste the answer from the cmake discourse:
https://discourse.cmake.org/t/boost-linker-issues/2030
"I believe that I am correctly linking the library” unfortunately not. You need to reference the full target name including the namespace prefix with Boost::program_options. And you can omit adding the Boost_INCLUDE_DIRS explicitely as the target definition does include this information. So your lines would look like:" - Volker Enderlein
if(Boost_FOUND)
add_executable(main ./apps/something.cc)
target_link_libraries(main PUBLIC Boost::program_options)
endif()
Mismatch of architecture is the issue here. Match your compile of the application you are building with the boost program options
How do you build the x64 Boost libraries on Windows?
The address needs to be set to 64 in your case or use 64 bit binaries
Related
I am following this guide on how to build a project using GLFW3 with CMake on OSX 10.9.1, and I've run into some trouble. When I get to building the actual project I get the following errors:
$ make
Scanning dependencies of target Graphics
[100%] Building CXX object CMakeFiles/Graphics.dir/graphics.cpp.o
Linking CXX executable Graphics
Undefined symbols for architecture x86_64:
"_glBegin", referenced from:
_main in graphics.cpp.o
"_glClear", referenced from:
_main in graphics.cpp.o
"_glColor3f", referenced from:
_main in graphics.cpp.o
"_glEnd", referenced from:
_main in graphics.cpp.o
"_glLoadIdentity", referenced from:
_main in graphics.cpp.o
"_glMatrixMode", referenced from:
_main in graphics.cpp.o
"_glOrtho", referenced from:
_main in graphics.cpp.o
"_glRotatef", referenced from:
_main in graphics.cpp.o
"_glVertex3f", referenced from:
_main in graphics.cpp.o
"_glViewport", referenced from:
_main in graphics.cpp.o
ld: symbol(s) not found for architecture x86_64
clang: error: linker command failed with exit code 1 (use -v to see invocation)
make[2]: *** [Graphics] Error 1
make[1]: *** [CMakeFiles/Graphics.dir/all] Error 2
make: *** [all] Error 2
My CMakeLists.txt looks like:
cmake_minimum_required (VERSION 2.8)
project (Graphics)
# The version number.
set (Graphics_VERSION_MAJOR 1)
set (Graphics_VERSION_MINOR 0)
# configure a header file to pass some of the CMake settings
# to the source code
configure_file (
"${PROJECT_SOURCE_DIR}/GraphicsConfig.h.in"
"${PROJECT_BINARY_DIR}/GraphicsConfig.h"
)
# add the binary tree to the search path for include files
# so that we will find GraphicsConfig.h
include_directories("${PROJECT_BINARY_DIR}")
find_package(PkgConfig REQUIRED)
pkg_search_module(GLFW REQUIRED glfw3)
include_directories(${GLFW_INCLUDE_DIRS})
# add the executable
add_executable (Graphics graphics.cpp)
target_link_libraries(Graphics ${GLFW_STATIC_LIBRARIES})
# add the install targets
install (TARGETS Graphics DESTINATION bin)
install (FILES "${PROJECT_BINARY_DIR}/GraphicsConfig.h"
DESTINATION include)
However can build the project just fine using
cc `pkg-config --cflags glfw3` -o graphics graphics.cpp \
`pkg-config --static --libs glfw3`
I can't offer you an explanation for why one links with the OpenGL libs and the other doesn't, but the following solution worked for me with a similar problem on OSX (Mountain Lion).
At the end of the 'add executable' block, add an Apple-specific condition to link with the OpenGL framework:
# add the executable
add_executable (Graphics graphics.cpp)
target_link_libraries(Graphics ${GLFW_STATIC_LIBRARIES})
if (APPLE)
target_link_libraries(Graphics "-framework OpenGL")
endif()
I figured there must be something in the GLFW CMake config that was responsible for linking with the OpenGL libs so I had a look at the GLFW 3.0.4 CMakeLists.txt and found that '-framework' line.
This will only help you on OSX - you'd need to supply other platform specific ways of linking to make it cross platform.
You may have already considered it, but the same guide also provides a way to include the GLFW source with your app and build it that way. That's probably the easiest way to guarantee cross-platform compatibility.
I had to do this.
elseif(APPLE)
# GLFW
find_package(glfw3 REQUIRED)
include_directories(${GLFW_INCLUDE_DIRS})
find_package(GLEW REQUIRED)
include_directories(${GLEW_INCLUDE_DIRS})
# app_framework executable
add_executable(app_framework ${SOURCE_FILES})
target_link_libraries(app_framework app_framework_library ${GLEW_LIBRARY} glfw3)
target_link_libraries(app_framework "-framework OpenGL")
Note that I use "glfw3" instead of ${GLFW_STATIC_LIBRARIES} in target_link_library. Did not work for me otherwise.
I'm using cmake 3.6.1.
Add this to your CMakeFile,
add_executable(${LOCAL_PROJECT_NAME} )
#openGL Specific
target_link_libraries(${LOCAL_PROJECT_NAME} ${GLFW_STATIC_LIBRARIES})
find_package(glfw3 3.3 REQUIRED)
target_link_libraries(${LOCAL_PROJECT_NAME} glfw)
find_package(OpenGL REQUIRED)
target_link_libraries(${LOCAL_PROJECT_NAME} OpenGL::GL)
also, make sure compiler options are set accordingly.
Problem with google test in XCode 4.6.3
Hello all,
I have integrated google tests into my XCode project, and basic command line tool for
unit testing seems to work fine (guest.framework added, DYLD_LIBRRY_PATH set correctly).
However, as soon as I add to object fixture EXPECT_EQ(0, Object.PublicMember) type
test, I get following linker error.
Ld /Users/rinkevic/Library/Developer/Xcode/DerivedData/VeloxChemX-hbmvfkmcscchsvebxpaefvzmkvdp/Build/Products/Debug/UnitTest normal x86_64
cd /Users/rinkevic/Development/VeloxChemX
setenv MACOSX_DEPLOYMENT_TARGET 10.8
/Applications/Xcode.app/Contents/Developer/Toolchains/XcodeDefault.xctoolchain/usr/bin/clang++ -arch x86_64 -isysroot /Applications/Xcode.app/Contents/Developer/Platforms/MacOSX.platform/Developer/SDKs/MacOSX10.8.sdk -L/Users/rinkevic/Library/Developer/Xcode/DerivedData/VeloxChemX-hbmvfkmcscchsvebxpaefvzmkvdp/Build/Products/Debug -F/Users/rinkevic/Library/Developer/Xcode/DerivedData/VeloxChemX-hbmvfkmcscchsvebxpaefvzmkvdp/Build/Products/Debug -F/Users/rinkevic/Development/Frameworks -F/Users/rinkevic/Development/VeloxChemX/../../Library/Frameworks -F/Users/rinkevic/Development/VeloxChemX/../Frameworks -filelist /Users/rinkevic/Library/Developer/Xcode/DerivedData/VeloxChemX-hbmvfkmcscchsvebxpaefvzmkvdp/Build/Intermediates/VeloxChemX.build/Debug/UnitTest.build/Objects-normal/x86_64/UnitTest.LinkFileList -mmacosx-version-min=10.8 -stdlib=libc++ -framework gtest -framework OpenCL -o /Users/rinkevic/Library/Developer/Xcode/DerivedData/VeloxChemX-hbmvfkmcscchsvebxpaefvzmkvdp/Build/Products/Debug/UnitTest
Undefined symbols for architecture x86_64:
"testing::internal::EqFailure(char const*, char const*, std::__1::basic_string<char, std::__1::char_traits<char>, std::__1::allocator<char> > const&, std::__1::basic_string<char, std::__1::char_traits<char>, std::__1::allocator<char> > const&, bool)", referenced from:testing::AssertionResult testing::internal::CmpHelperEQ<int, int>(char const*, char const*, int const&, int const&) in TestCartMom.o
ld: symbol(s) not found for architecture x86_64
clang: error: linker command failed with exit code 1 (use -v to see invocation)
Any suggestion what I am doing wrong?
I had the same problem.
Choose libstdc++ in both projects.
It's because the build options of your unit test project is different with the gtest project.
Make sure the build options such as "Apple LLVM - Language" & "Apple LLVM - Language - C++" are all the same.
Another solution is outlined here: http://dennycd.me/google-test-xcode-mac-osx/ which brings some sanity to the situation by not using a framework but instead installing into /usr/local.
Remember that the libs must be renamed to start with 'lib', for example libgtest.a.
Also remember that you must link to both libgtest.a and libgtest_main.a. Without the latter, you will get a complaint about missing the main method.
The same comments regarding the c++ dialect and the library are applicable, but I found it very hard to control these while producing the framework and trying to link to that.
By default General.xcconfig points to 10.4 SDK, changing it to 10.10 fixed issue for me
I want to use Google Protocol Buffers for C++ in XCode.
This is my directory where I have the library: /Developer/Protobuf.
What I did inside this directory, is compiled the .proto and produced the .pb.h & .pb.cc files. After this produced the object file:
clang++ -arch x86_64 -I./src -I./ -c file.pb.cc
Then:
ar -r file.pb.a file.pb.o
In XCode, in Build Phases -> Link Binary With Libraries I have added file.pb.a static library. In Build Settings -> Header Search Paths I have added /Developer/Protobuf/src. In Build Settings -> Librabry Search Paths I have added /Developer/Protobuf. In Build Settings -> User Header Search Paths I have added also /Developer/Protobuf/src.
But when I compiled the project I always get this kind of errors:
Undefined symbols for architecture x86_64:
"google::protobuf::DescriptorPool::generated_pool()", referenced from:
musicbrainz::protobuf_AssignDesc_musicbrainz_2eproto() in musicbrainz.pb.o
"google::protobuf::DescriptorPool::InternalAddGeneratedFile(void const*, int)", referenced from:
musicbrainz::protobuf_AddDesc_musicbrainz_2eproto() in musicbrainz.pb.o
"google::protobuf::MessageFactory::generated_factory()", referenced from:
musicbrainz::protobuf_AssignDesc_musicbrainz_2eproto() in musicbrainz.pb.o
"google::protobuf::MessageFactory::InternalRegisterGeneratedFile(char const*, void (*)(std::__1::basic_string<char, std::__1::char_traits<char>, std::__1::allocator<char> > const&))", referenced from:
musicbrainz::protobuf_AddDesc_musicbrainz_2eproto() in musicbrainz.pb.o
.................................................................................
Maybe I am not creating the static library correct ?
First of all, you need to compile the Protocol Buffers static libraries using their makefiles, and then, link in the static libraries into your project. You should not be pulling in their source code into your Xcode project.
When linking the libraries into my project, I had the same 'undefined symbols' errors as you. Based on comment #19 in this discussion, running the following commands when building the Protocol Buffers libraries will make them go away.
$ ./configure CC=clang CXX="clang++ -std=c++11 -stdlib=libc++" CXXFLAGS="-O3" --disable-shared
$ make
Steps:
1. sudo port boost
The boost file installed in /opt/local/boost, library files are in /opt/local/lib
2. use XCode to create c++ project
#include <iostream>
#include <boost/asio.hpp>
int main () {
return 0;
}
3. set XCode to find out boost
in "Build Settings" -> "HEADER_SEARCH_PATHS"
in both Debug and Release add path /opt/local/include
4. "Build Settings" -> "LIBRARY_SEARCH_PATHS" --> add /opt/local/lib both for debug and release.
5. build program and failed.
Error Messages,
Undefined symbols for architecture x86_64:
"boost::system::generic_category()", referenced from:
___cxx_global_var_init1 in main.o
___cxx_global_var_init2 in main.o
"boost::system::system_category()", referenced from:
___cxx_global_var_init3 in main.o
boost::asio::error::get_system_category() in main.o
"boost::asio::error::get_netdb_category()", referenced from:
___cxx_global_var_init5 in main.o <br>
"boost::asio::error::get_addrinfo_category()", referenced from:
___cxx_global_var_init6 in main.o <br>
"boost::asio::error::get_misc_category()", referenced from:
___cxx_global_var_init7 in main.o <br>
ld: symbol(s) not found for architecture x86_64
clang: error: linker command failed with exit code 1 (use -v to see invocation)
Am I wrong in the procedure?
You need to link with Boost.System, which should be in /opt/local/lib/libboost_system (with some suffix, that depends on how you built boost)
Add that to your Xcode project.
select on your "targets"
in "Link Binary with libraries" section under "build phases" tab, add boost library.
if install via MacPort, the boost will be at /opt/local/lib,
if install via brew, the boost will be at /usr/local/Cellar/boost ,
if build by yourself, it will be at /usr/local/lib by default or yourBoostLib/stage/lib
I'm using Qt4.8 on OSX Leopard and instead of qmake+QtCreator I want to compile a very simple project using CMake on OSX to understand how to do a package.
While the very same project compiles and links smoothly under Linux, under my OSX box, this is the error message I always get in the linking phase:
ld warning: in /Library/Frameworks//QtGui.framework/QtGui, file is not of required architecture
ld warning: in /Library/Frameworks//QtCore.framework/QtCore, file is not of required architecture
Undefined symbols:
"QWidget::mousePressEvent(QMouseEvent*)", referenced from:
vtable for TestFormin moc_TestForm.cxx.o
"QObject::childEvent(QChildEvent*)", referenced from:
vtable for TestFormin moc_TestForm.cxx.o
"QWidget::actionEvent(QActionEvent*)", referenced from:
vtable for TestFormin moc_TestForm.cxx.o
"QCoreApplication::translate(char const*, char const*, char const*, QCoreApplication::Encoding)", referenced from:
etcetera etcetera.
This happens for every project I want to compile with cmake.
Any idea of what's going on?
Check what architecture (i386,x86_64) is being used by cmake (CMAKE_OSX_ARCHITECTURES). Try suggesting the architecture to cmake:
cmake -DCMAKE_OSX_ARCHITECTURES=x86_64