How do I get rid of tiny lines between canvas rects - d3.js

I am very new to D3 and as you can see in the image above there are tiny lines/gaps between each rectangle that I would love to get rid of, this is drawn on a canvas element with each rectangle starting where the last one ends using D3.js following this tutorial almost exactly minus adding the gaps between each square.
I've tried
this.canvas.imageSmoothingQuality = 'low';
draw() {
const canvas = d3
.select(this.chartContainer.nativeElement)
.append('canvas')
.attr('width', this.width)
.attr('height', this.height)
.attr(
'transform',
'translate(' + this.margin.left + ',' + this.margin.top + ')'
);
this.canvas = canvas.node().getContext('2d');
this.clearCanvas();
this.canvas.imageSmoothingQuality = 'low';
const elements = this.shadowContainer.selectAll('custom.rect');
const _this = this;
elements.each(function(d, i) {
const node = d3.select(this);
// Here you retrieve the colour from the individual in-memory node and set the fillStyle for the canvas paint
_this.canvas.fillStyle = node.attr('color');
// Here you retrieve the position of the node and apply it to the fillRect context function which will fill and paint the square.
_this.canvas.fillRect(
Number(node.attr('x')),
Number(node.attr('y')),
Number(node.attr('width')),
Number(node.attr('height'))
);
});
}
private dataBind(value) {
const customBase = document.createElement('custom');
this.shadowContainer = d3.select(customBase);
const {
viewModes: {
heatMap: {
data,
chartOptions: { engagementStatus, xAxis, yAxis }
}
}
} = value;
const x = this.d3
.scaleBand()
.range([0, this.width])
.domain(xAxis.categories);
this.shadowContainer
.append('g')
.style('font-size', 11)
.attr('class', 'x-axis')
.call(this.d3.axisTop(x).tickSize(0))
.select('.domain')
.remove();
this.shadowContainer
.selectAll('.x-axis text')
.style('text-anchor', 'start')
.attr('transform', function(d) {
return `translate(8, -8)rotate(-90)`;
});
const y = this.d3
.scaleBand()
.domain(d3.reverse(yAxis.categories))
.range([this.height, 0]);
const color = this.d3
.scaleLinear()
.domain([-2, -1, 0, 1])
// #ts-ignore
.range(['#5b717d', '#ffb957', '#ee6b56', '#40a050']);
const join = this.shadowContainer
.selectAll('custom.rect')
.data(data, function(d) {
return `${d.Date}:${d.Member}`;
});
const enterSelection = join
.enter()
.append('custom')
.attr('class', 'rect')
.attr('x', d =>
this.getCorrectDatePosition(
d.Date,
x,
xAxis.categories[0].split('/').length
)
)
.attr('y', function(d) {
return y(d.Member);
})
.attr('width', 24)
.attr('height', 24);
join
.merge(enterSelection)
.attr('width', x.bandwidth())
.attr('height', y.bandwidth())
.attr('color', function(d) {
return color(d.score);
});
const exitSelection = join
.exit()
.transition()
.attr('width', 0)
.attr('height', 0)
.remove();
}

This is likely an issue stemming from your scales. It can occur with either SVG or canvas and occurs when dealing with coordinates that require plotting at fractions of a pixel.
Here's a demonstration with SVG:
var data = d3.range(20);
var x = d3.scaleBand()
.range([10,250])
.domain(data)
var svg = d3.select("body")
.append("svg")
.attr("width", 500);
var rect = svg.selectAll("rect")
.data(data)
.enter()
.append("rect")
.attr("x", d=>x(d) )
.attr("y", 50)
.attr("width", x.bandwidth())
.attr("height",100)
.attr("fill","crimson")
svg.transition()
.attrTween("tween", function() {
var i = d3.interpolate(250,480)
return function(t) {
x.range([50,i(t)])
rect.attr("x",d=>x(d))
.attr("width", x.bandwidth());
return "";
}
})
.duration(10000);
<script src="https://cdnjs.cloudflare.com/ajax/libs/d3/5.7.0/d3.min.js"></script>
And one with Canvas:
var data = d3.range(20);
var x = d3.scaleBand()
.range([10,250])
.domain(data)
var canvas = d3.select("body")
.append("canvas")
.attr("width", 500);
var rect = d3.create("div").selectAll("rect")
.data(data)
.enter()
.append("rect")
.attr("x", d=>x(d) )
.attr("y", 50)
.attr("width", x.bandwidth())
.attr("height",100)
.attr("fill","crimson")
canvas.transition()
.attrTween("tween", function() {
var i = d3.interpolate(250,480)
var context = canvas.node().getContext("2d");
return function(t) {
x.range([50,i(t)])
context.fillStyle = "#fff";
context.fillRect(0,0,550,300);
rect.attr("x",d=>x(d))
.attr("width", x.bandwidth())
.each(function() {
var node = d3.select(this);
context.fillStyle = "crimson"
context.fillRect(
+node.attr("x"),
+node.attr("y"),
+node.attr("width"),
+node.attr("height"))
})
return "";
}
})
.duration(10000);
<script src="https://cdnjs.cloudflare.com/ajax/libs/d3/5.7.0/d3.min.js"></script>
The solution is to be a bit more involved in setting the scale's domain and range. Start with the desired bandwidth, a whole number in pixels, and set the range so that the difference between the minimum and maximum values is equal to the number of values in the domain * the bandwidth.
So instead of:
const x = this.d3
.scaleBand()
.range([0, this.width])
.domain(xAxis.categories);
You'd have:
const length = 10; // length of a box side
const x = this.d3
.scaleBand()
.domain(xAxis.categories)
.range([0,xAxis.categories * length])
You could also calculate length above dynamically, say by using: Math.floor(width/xAxis.categories)
Using the above approach and a slightly contrived example to accommodate the transition, we remove the aliasing/moire pattern. Because we use only full pixels, the transition jumps as each bar increases in width by a full pixel at the same time, as space becomes available in the range:
var data = d3.range(20);
var length = 30;
var x = d3.scaleBand()
.range([10,data.length*length])
.domain(data)
var canvas = d3.select("body")
.append("canvas")
.attr("width", 500);
var rect = d3.create("div").selectAll("rect")
.data(data)
.enter()
.append("rect")
.attr("x", d=>x(d) )
.attr("y", 50)
.attr("width", x.bandwidth())
.attr("height",100)
.attr("fill","crimson")
canvas.transition()
.attrTween("tween", function() {
var i = d3.interpolate(250,480)
var context = canvas.node().getContext("2d");
return function(t) {
length = Math.floor(i(t)/data.length)
x.range([10,length*data.length+10])
context.fillStyle = "#fff";
context.fillRect(0,0,550,300);
rect.attr("x",d=>x(d))
.attr("width", x.bandwidth())
.each(function(d,i) {
var node = d3.select(this);
context.fillStyle = d3.schemeCategory10[i%10];
context.fillRect(
+node.attr("x"),
+node.attr("y"),
+node.attr("width"),
+node.attr("height"))
})
return "";
}
})
.duration(10000);
<script src="https://cdnjs.cloudflare.com/ajax/libs/d3/5.7.0/d3.min.js"></script>

Related

Live Horizontal Bar Chart keeps adding nodes

I am trying to make a horizontal bar chart for test purposes which changes data in real time. I notice that nodes keep adding.
var dataset = [ 5, 10, 15, 20, 25 ]
var w = 1200;
var h = 500;
var barPadding = 1;
var container = d3.select("body")
.append("svg")
.attr("width", w)
.attr("height", h)
.append("g");
var rects = container.selectAll("rect")
var yScale = d3.scaleLinear()
.range([h, 0])
function draw(dataset, translate){
yScale.domain([0, d3.max(dataset)])
rects.data(dataset)
.enter()
.append("rect")
.attr("x", function(d, i){
return i * 12 + translate
})
.attr("y", function(d){
return yScale(d)
})
.attr("width", 11)
.attr("height", function(d) { return (h - yScale(d)) })
rects.exit().remove()
}
var translate = 0
setInterval(function(){
container.attr("transform", "translate("+-translate+",0)")
dataset.push(Math.floor(Math.random() * 30))
draw(dataset, translate)
translate = translate + 12
dataset.shift()
}, 1000)
rects.exit.remove() doesn't seem to work, how can I fix this? I could not find any examples of live horizontal bar charts on d3 v5 which is what I am using here
Right now you don't have a proper update selection, which is:
var rects = container.selectAll("rect")
.data(dataset);
Because of that, all rectangles belong to the enter selection.
Here is the updated code, with the size of the update selection in the console:
var dataset = [5, 10, 15, 20, 25]
var w = 500;
var h = 300;
var barPadding = 1;
var container = d3.select("body")
.append("svg")
.attr("width", w)
.attr("height", h)
.append("g");
var yScale = d3.scaleLinear()
.range([h, 0]);
var translate = 0
draw(dataset, translate)
function draw(dataset, translate) {
yScale.domain([0, d3.max(dataset)])
var rects = container.selectAll("rect")
.data(dataset);
rects.enter()
.append("rect")
.merge(rects)
.attr("x", function(d, i) {
return i * 12 + translate
})
.attr("y", function(d) {
return yScale(d)
})
.attr("width", 11)
.attr("height", function(d) {
return (h - yScale(d))
})
rects.exit().remove();
console.log("the update size is: " + rects.size())
}
setInterval(function() {
container.attr("transform", "translate(" + -translate + ",0)")
dataset.push(Math.floor(Math.random() * 30))
draw(dataset, translate)
translate = translate + 12
dataset.shift()
}, 1000)
<script src="https://d3js.org/d3.v5.min.js"></script>

d3.js fit scale to rgb() range of blue

Trying to fill rect colours on a bar chart by a scale,
var x1 = d3.scaleTime()
.domain([parseTime('00:00'), d3.max(data, function(d) {
return d.value
})])
.range([2, 256]);
like this,
.style('fill', function(d) {
return "'rgb(0,0," + x1(d.value) + ")'"
})
Trying to range over the colour blue on the scale d.value
I'm getting black at the moment, presumable a default colour.
Thanks
You can simplify this, d3 scales can interpolate between colors, so you could use code such as :
var x1 = d3.scaleLinear()
.domain([0,100]])
.range(["#000000","#0000ff"]);
You could also use:
var x1 = d3.scaleLinear()
.domain([0,100]])
.range(["black","blue"]);
And then use the scale to color to the rectangles directly:
.style('fill', function(d) {
return x1(d.value);
})
Also, yes, black is the default color. For sake of demonstration in the snippet, I'm using a linear rather than date scale:
var svg = d3.select("body")
.append("svg")
.attr("width",500)
.attr("height",200);
var x1 = d3.scaleLinear()
.domain([0,100])
.range(["#000000","#0000ff"]);
var x2 = d3.scaleLinear()
.domain([0,100])
.range(["orange","steelblue"]);
var rects = svg.selectAll(null)
.data(d3.range(100))
.enter()
.append("rect")
.attr("fill",function(d) { return x1(d); })
.attr("width",10)
.attr("height",10)
.attr("y",function(d) { return Math.floor(d/10) * 12; })
.attr("x",function(d) { return d % 10 * 12; })
var rects = svg.selectAll("null")
.data(d3.range(100))
.enter()
.append("rect")
.attr("fill",function(d) { return x2(d); })
.attr("width",10)
.attr("height",10)
.attr("y",function(d) { return Math.floor(d/10) * 12; })
.attr("x",function(d) { return d % 10 * 12 + 130 ; })
<script src="https://cdnjs.cloudflare.com/ajax/libs/d3/4.10.0/d3.min.js"></script>

d3 redraw bar chart with new values

My barchart draws fine when the page first loads.
But choose hour 2 from the drop-down, and it doesn't want to update to hour 2 data, it just keeps displaying hour 1.
FIDDLE
This is my d3 and js:
$('#bar_chart').css('overflow-x','scroll');
var margin = {top: 20, right: 20, bottom: 40, left: 80},
width = 220 - margin.left - margin.right,
height = 233 - margin.top - margin.bottom;
var x = d3.scale.ordinal()
.rangeRoundBands([0, width], .1, 1);
var y = d3.scale.linear()
.range([height, 0]);
var xAxis = d3.svg.axis()
.scale(x)
.orient('bottom');
var formatComma = d3.format('0,000');
var yAxis = d3.svg.axis()
.scale(y)
.orient('left')
.ticks(5)
.outerTickSize(0)
.tickFormat(formatComma);
var svg = d3.select('th.chart-here').append('svg')
.attr('viewBox', '0 0 220 233')
.attr('preserveAspectRatio','xMinYMin meet')
.attr('width', width + margin.left + margin.right)
.attr('height', height + margin.top + margin.bottom)
.append('g')
.attr('transform', 'translate(' + margin.left/1.5 + ',' + margin.top/1.5 + ')');
var table_i = 0;
var arr1 =
[
{'hour':1,'car':[{'audi':1377},{'bmw':716},{'ford':3819},{'mazda':67},{'toyota':11580},{'tesla':0}]},
{'hour':2,'car':[{'audi':9000},{'bmw':2000},{'ford':7000},{'mazda':1000},{'toyota':5000},{'tesla':700}]},
];
var hour = arr1[table_i];
var car=hour.car;
var newobj = [];
for(var hourx1=0;hourx1<car.length;hourx1++){
var xx = car[hourx1];
for (var value in xx) {
var chartvar = newobj.push({car:value,miles:xx[value]});
var data = newobj;
}
}
x.domain(data.map(function(d) { return d.car; }));
y.domain([0, d3.max(data, function(d) { return d.miles; })]);
svg.append('g')
.attr('class', 'y axis')
.call(yAxis)
.append('text')
.attr('y', 6)
.attr('dy', '.71em')
.style('text-anchor', 'start');
function changeHour(){
svg.selectAll('.bar')
.data(data)
.enter().append('rect')
.attr('class', 'bar')
.attr('transform','translate(-20)') //move rects closer to Y axis
.attr('x', function(d) { return x(d.car); })
.attr('width', x.rangeBand()*1)
.attr('y', function(d) { return y(d.miles); })
.attr('height', function(d) { return height - y(d.miles); });
xtext = svg.append('g')
.attr('class', 'x axis')
.attr('transform', 'translate(-20,' + height + ')') //move tick text so it aligns with rects
.call(xAxis);
xtext.selectAll('text')
.attr('transform', function(d) {
return 'translate(' + this.getBBox().height*50 + ',' + this.getBBox().height + ')rotate(0)';
});
//code to enable jqm checkbox
$('#checkbox-2a').on('change', function(e){
originalchange(e);
});
$( '#checkbox-2a' ).checkboxradio({
defaults: true
});
var sortTimeout = setTimeout(function() {
$('#checkbox-2a').prop('checked', false).checkboxradio( 'refresh' ).change();
}, 1000);
function originalchange() {
clearTimeout(sortTimeout);
var IsChecked = $('#checkbox-2a').is(':checked');
// Copy-on-write since tweens are evaluated after a delay.
var x0 = x.domain(data.sort(IsChecked
? function(a, b) { return b.miles - a.miles; }
: function(a, b) { return d3.ascending(a.car, b.car); })
.map(function(d) { return d.car; }))
.copy();
svg.selectAll('.bar')
.sort(function(a, b) { return x0(a.car) - x0(b.car); });
var transition = svg.transition().duration(950),
delay = function(d, i) { return i * 50; };
transition.selectAll('.bar')
.delay(delay)
.attr('x', function(d) { return x0(d.car); });
transition.select('.x.axis')
.call(xAxis)
.selectAll('g')
.delay(delay);
};
}
changeHour();
$('select').change(function() { //function to change hourly data
table_i = $(this).val();
var hour = arr1[table_i];
var car=hour.car;
var newobj = [];
for(var hourx1=0;hourx1<car.length;hourx1++){
var xx = car[hourx1];
for (var value in xx) {
var chartvar = newobj.push({car:value,miles:xx[value]});
var data = newobj;
}
}
x.domain(data.map(function(d) { return d.car; }));
y.domain([0, d3.max(data, function(d) { return d.miles; })]);
changeHour();
})
I thought that by updating in the function changeHour I could isolate just the rects and the text that goes with them, and redraw them based on the selected hour's data.
But it just keeps drawing the first hour.
What am I doing wrong?
2 things not working:
firstly "data" needs to be declared without 'var' in the change function at the end. Declaring it with 'var' makes it a local variable to that function, and once you leave that function it's gone. Saying "data = " without the var means you're using the data variable you've declared further up. It's all to do with scope which is something I still struggle with, but basically with 'var' it doesn't work.
var newobj = [];
for(var hourx1=0;hourx1<car.length;hourx1++){
var xx = car[hourx1];
for (var value in xx) {
var chartvar = newobj.push({car:value,miles:xx[value]});
}
}
data = newobj;
Secondly, your changeHour function only looks for new elements as it hangs all its attribute settings on an .enter() selection, changeHour should be like this:
var dataJoin = svg.selectAll('.bar')
.data(data, function(d) { return d.car; });
// possible new elements, fired first time, set non-data dependent attributes
dataJoin
.enter()
.append('rect')
.attr('class', 'bar')
.attr('transform','translate(-20)') //move rects closer to Y axis
// changes to existing elements (now including the newly appended elements from above) which depend on data values (d)
dataJoin
.attr('x', function(d) { return x(d.car); })
.attr('width', x.rangeBand()*1)
.attr('y', function(d) { return y(d.miles); })
.attr('height', function(d) { return height - y(d.miles); });
For completeness there should be a dataJoin.exit().remove() in there as well but its not something that happens in this dataset

Adding a legend to a pie chart in D3js

I'm trying to plot a pie chart with a legend inside of it. And I got into troubles to get it plotted, since I get the errors abound undefined variables. I managed to draw the chart itself and the half of the legend, but not in the right colors, what should match the pie chart.
function drawPieChart(d3div, chart_data) {
// chart_data.data is a list of data elements.
// each should contain fields: val, col, name
d3div.html(""); // clear the div
var title = getopt(chart_data, 'title', '');
// desired width and height of chart
var w = getopt(chart_data, 'width', 300);
var h = getopt(chart_data, 'height', 300);
var pad = getopt(chart_data, 'pad', 50);
var textmargin = getopt(chart_data, 'textmargin', 20);
var r = Math.min(w, h) / 2 - pad; // radius of pie chart
var div = d3div.append('div');
if(title !== '') {
div.append('p').attr('class', 'pietitle').text(title);
}
var arc = d3.svg.arc()
.outerRadius(r)
.cornerRadius(20)
.innerRadius(150);
var arcLarge = d3.svg.arc()
.innerRadius(150)
.cornerRadius(20)
.outerRadius(r + 50);
var toggleArc = function(p){
p.state = !p.state;
var dest = p.state ? arcLarge : arc;
d3.select(this).select("path").transition()
.duration(160)
.attr("d", dest);};
var pie = d3.layout.pie()
.padAngle(.03)
.sort(null)
.value(function(d) { return d.val; });
var svg = d3.select("#piechart").append("svg")
.attr("width", w)
.attr("height", h)
.append("g")
.attr("transform", "translate(" + w / 2 + "," + h / 2 + ")");
var g = svg.selectAll(".arc")
.data(pie(chart_data.data))
.enter().append("g")
.attr("class", "arc")
.attr("stroke", "#999")
.attr("id",function(d){return d.data;})
.on("mouseover",toggleArc)
.on("mouseout",toggleArc);
g.append("path")
.attr("d", arc)
.style("fill", function(d) { return d.data.col; });
var color = d3.scale.category20b();
var legendRectSize = 18;
var legendSpacing = 4;
// FROM here the code is not produced the desired result
var legend = svg.selectAll('.legend')
.data(chart_data.data)
.enter()
.append('g')
.attr('class', 'legend')
.attr("id",function(d){return d.data;})
.attr('transform', function(d, i) {
var height = legendRectSize + legendSpacing;
var offset = height * chart_data.data.length / 2;
var horz = -2 * legendRectSize;
var vert = i * height - offset;
return 'translate(' + horz + ',' + vert + ')';
});
legend.append('rect')
.data(chart_data.data)
.attr('width', legendRectSize)
.attr('height', legendRectSize)
.style("fill", function(d) { return d.data.col; });
legend.append("text")
.attr('x', legendRectSize + legendSpacing)
.attr('y', legendRectSize - legendSpacing)
.text(function(d) { return d.data.name; });
}
The code actually works fine untill the line var legend = svg.selectAll('.legend')
Then i start to define the legend, but D3 complains about undefined d.data every time i try to access d.data below the line I written above(also in the last line of the code).
I don't understand where i got on the wrong way.
If instead of defining the whole non working part(var legend...) i write this code:
g.append("text")
.attr("stroke", "none")
.attr("fill", function(d) { return d.data.col; })
.text(function(d) { return d.data.name; });
I'm able to access the d.data.name.
Unfortunately wrong colors of the boxes and not description.
Thanks!

d3.js categorical time series (evolustrip)

Working in d3.js, I am looking for a good way to display categorical time series data. The data values cannot co-occur, and are not evenly spaced, so I've data exactly like:
location = [[time1: home], [time4: work], [time5: cafe], [time7: home]]
and so on. My ideal resulting graph is something like what might be called an evolustrip - one way of seeing this chart is as a time series chart with variable width bars, bar color corresponding to category (e.g. 'home').
Can anyone point me in the right direction? Thank you so much!
So I ended up crafting my own d3.js solution:
I used a d3.time.scale scale for the time dimension, and then a d3.scale.category20 scale to provide colors for the categories. I then plotted the categorical data as same-height rects on the time axis by start time, and used the d3.time.scale scale to compute the appropriate bin width for each rect.
A reusable component (following the pattern at http://bost.ocks.org/mike/chart/) example can be seen here:
function timeSeriesCategorical() {
var w = 860,
h = 70,
margin = {top: 20, right: 80, bottom: 30, left: 50},
width = w - margin.left - margin.right,
height = h - margin.top - margin.bottom;
var xValue = function(d) { return d[0]; },
yValue = function(d) { return d[1]; };
var yDomain = null;
var xScale = d3.time.scale()
.range([0, width]);
var yScale = d3.scale.category20();
var xAxis = d3.svg.axis()
.scale(xScale)
.tickSubdivide(1)
.tickSize(-height)
.orient('bottom');
var yAxis = d3.svg.axis()
.scale(yScale)
.ticks(5)
.orient('left');
var binwidth = 20;
function chart(selection) {
selection.each(function(data) {
// convert data to standard representation
data = data.map(function(d, i) {
return [xValue.call(data, d, i), yValue.call(data, d, i)];
//return d;
});
// scale the x and y domains based on the actual data
xScale.domain(d3.extent(data, function(d) { return d[0]; }));
if (!yDomain) {
yScale.domain(d3.extent(data, function(d) { return d[1]; }));
} else {
yScale.domain(yDomain);
}
// compute binwidths for TODO better comment
// d looks like {timestamp, category}
data.forEach(function(d, i) {
if (data[i+1]) {
w_current = xScale(data[i][0]);
w_next = xScale(data[i+1][0]);
binwidth = w_next - w_current;
}
d.binwidth = binwidth;
});
// create chart space as svg
// note: 'this' el should not contain svg already
var svg = d3.select(this).append('svg').data(data);
// external dimensions
svg.attr('width', w)
.attr('height', h);
// internal dimensions
svg = svg.append('g')
.attr('transform', 'translate(' + margin.left + ',' + margin.top + ')');
// x axis
svg.append('g')
.attr('class', 'x axis')
.attr('transform', 'translate(0,' + height + ')')
.call(xAxis);
// TODO bars legend
// bars
svg.selectAll('rect')
.data(data)
.enter().append('rect')
.attr('x', function(d, i) { return xScale(d[0]); })
.attr('width', function(d, i) { return d.binwidth; })
.attr('height', height)
.attr('fill', function(d, i) { return yScale(d[1]); })
.attr('stroke', function(d, i) { return yScale(d[1]); });
});
}
chart.x = function(_) {
if (!arguments.length) return xValue;
xValue = _;
return chart;
};
chart.y = function(_) {
if (!arguments.length) return yValue;
yValue = _;
return chart;
};
chart.yDomain = function(_) {
if (!arguments.length) return yDomain;
yDomain = _;
return chart;
};
return chart;
}
and is callable with something like:
d3.csv('./data.csv', function(data) {
var chartActivity = timeSeriesCategorical()
.x(function(d) { return d.when; })
.y(function(d) { return d.activity; })
.yDomain([0,1]);
d3.select('#chart-activity')
.datum(data)
.call(chartActivity);
});
Hopefully this is helpful to someone! The project this was made for is at https://github.com/interaction-design-lab/stress-sense-portal

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