Which format mask should I use to convert number data from table column NUMBER to char if I want to preserve one leading zero and don't know data "size"? Value could have integral and/or fractional part. All that I know - it's NUMBER.
Source Data (numbers)
.12345678901234567890
100
100.500
12345678901234567890.1234567890
Desired result (text)
0.1234567890123456789
100
100.5
12345678901234567890.123456789
and so on, i.e. number could have unpredictable number of digits in whole part and unpredictable number of digits in fractional part.
A NUMBER data type is a binary value that has no format; if you want to format the number then you will need to convert it to another data-type that can represent the numeric value with a format, such as a VARCHAR2 data-type using the TO_CHAR function:
SELECT value,
RTRIM(
TO_CHAR( value, 'FM999999999999999999999990D99999999999999999999' ),
'.'
) AS formatted_number
FROM table_name
Which, for the sample data:
CREATE TABLE table_name ( value ) AS
SELECT .12345678901234567890 FROM DUAL UNION ALL
SELECT 100 FROM DUAL UNION ALL
SELECT 100.500 FROM DUAL UNION ALL
SELECT 12345678901234567890.1234567890 FROM DUAL
Outputs:
VALUE
FORMATTED_NUMBER
.1234567890123456789
0.1234567890123456789
100
100
100.5
100.5
12345678901234567890.123456789
12345678901234567890.123456789
number could have unpredictable number of digits in whole part and unpredictable number of digits in fractional part.
Just increase the number of 9s before and after the D decimal separator until the number of integer/fractional digits reaches your maximum precision.
Related
The Oracle doc says one can store a number up to 9.99...9 x 10125 with up to 38 significant digits: https://docs.oracle.com/cd/B28359_01/server.111/b28318/datatype.htm#i16209.
I tried this:
create table bigtest (t number(38,2));
insert into bigtest values (5e40);
But I got
[Error] Execution (8: 29): ORA-01438: value larger than specified precision allowed for this column
It is supposed to be able to store 9.99e125, right? Could any one give an example on how to store 9.99e125?
See DBfiddle here (Oracle 18c).
create table T1 (
anumber number
) ;
insert into t1 ( anumber ) values ( 9.99e125 ) ;
select * from t1 ;
ANUMBER
999000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000
One way is to use the number data type without precision and scale specified.
You can specify precision and scale for very large (and also for very small) numbers though. Just keep in mind that negative scale means "that many zeros at the end of an integer" - the total number of digits can be up to precision + absolute value of scale.
In the example below, note that 38 + 84 = 122. The scale must be between -84 and 127, which means that if you do use precision and scale, you can only store numbers < 1e123 - a smaller range than for the full number data type, but still storing very large numbers
create table tbl(x number(38,-84));
insert into tbl values (3.493e121);
select x from tbl;
X
----------
3.4930E+121
i need to select a varchar2 value '>45%' (from table ABC, column name XYZ) as decimal, like select statement should return 0.45.
How to achieve this? i am not getting how to do this with regular_expression, or by Trimming and converting to number.
This should do it. Removes characters > and % and devide the result by 100. the character string is converted automatically to number
select regexp_replace('>45%', '\>|\%', '') / 100 from dual
Another approach: Remove all non-number characters:
select regexp_replace('>45%', '[^0-9]', '')/100 from dual
case 1: SELECT TO_CHAR(12345.6789, '99999D99') FROM dual;
Output: 12345.67
case 2: SELECT TO_CHAR(12345.6789, '999D99') FROM dual;
Output: ######
case 3: SELECT TO_CHAR(12345, '99999D99') FROM dual;
Output: 12345.00
case 4: SELECT TO_CHAR(12345.1, '99999D99') FROM dual;
Output: 12345.10
Here Problem is if we don't know how many digits before decimal then how to manage for correct answer.[only case 1,3,4 can resolved using by TO_CHAR but how to solve for case 2.]
In this case the simplest answer might be to not supply a format model at all, but truncate or round the value to two decimal places:
SELECT TO_CHAR(ROUND(12345.6789, 2)) as rounded,
TO_CHAR(TRUNC(12345.6789, 2)) as truncated
FROM dual;
ROUNDED TRUNCATED
-------- ---------
12345.68 12345.67
From the documentation:
If you omit fmt, then n is converted to a VARCHAR2 value exactly long enough to hold its significant digits.
Otherwise you'd need to supply a format model that allowed for the maximum size of your number; if it's unrestricted you'd need 36 nines, the decimal separator, and two more nines. The result would be padded with spaces so you might also want to trim it, depending on how you'll use the string value.
SELECT TO_CHAR(12345.6789, '999999999999999999999999999999999999D99') as val
FROM dual;
VAL
----------------------------------------
12345.68
You could also do that flexibly by using the length of the truncated value (i.e. once the decimal places have been removed):
SELECT TO_CHAR(12345.6789,
lpad('9', length(trunc(12345.6789)), '9') || 'D99') as val
FROM dual;
VAL
---------
12345.68
But that seems unnecessarily complicated when you can let Oracle work it out for you.
However, if you want the decimals to show trailing zeros then you might need to use that method; but with zeros after the decimal separator:
SELECT TO_CHAR(12345.6, lpad('0', length(trunc(12345.6)), '9') || 'D00') as val
FROM dual;
VAL
---------
12345.60
... which addresses the 3rd and 4th cases you added. I've made it show a leading zero for values less than 1 as well; the generated format model in this case is '99990D00'. The number of nines will still vary depending on the size of your number.
By default Oracle still leaves a space at the start for a potential minus sign. You can avoid that with the FM format modifier:
SELECT TO_CHAR(12345.6, 'FM'
|| lpad('0', length(trunc(12345.6)), '9') || 'D00') as val
FROM dual;
VAL
--------
12345.60
You could always go with the maximum number of digits you expect to be present in the input. If there are fewer digits in the input than your format specifier, it wouldn't affect the outcome in anyway. For instance,
select to_char(12323.5553,'99999D99') from dual
would produce,
123.56
As you said, the length of the input is unknwon. So why would you use a fixed length formater for somthing that is unknown? Does not work. Read your input as String from the beginning and manipulate it as String or even better - BLOB.
Well, to do the rounding correct might be tricky.
So, best check your data if the numbers will realy get so big, because that would mean a lot of work and trouble.
If not more than 38 Digits are needed, you can go with decimal or numeric datatype and (if you insist on a formatter) use the TM formatter for example.
SELECT to_char(cast(1234.456 as decimal( *,2)), 'TM') as a FROM dual
or take the advice that was given above by the other posters.
I have a cursor which selects date from column with NUMBER type containg floating point numbers. Numbers like 4,3433 are returned properly while numbers smaller then 1 have removed leading zero.
For example number 0,4513 is returned as ,4513.
When I execute select used in the cursor on the database, numbers are formatted properly, with leading zeros.
This is how I loop over the recors returned by the cursor:
FOR c_data IN cursor_name(p_date) LOOP
...
END LOOP;
Any ideas why it works that way?
Thank you in advance.
You're confusing number format and number value.
The two strings 0.123 and .123, when read as a number, are mathematically equals. They represent the same number. In Oracle the true number representation is never displayed directly, we always convert a number to a character to display it, either implicitly or explicitly with a function.
You assume that a number between 0 and 1 should be represented with a leading 0, but this is not true by default, it depends on how you ask this number to be displayed. If you don't want unexpected outcome, you have to be explicit when displaying numbers/dates, for example:
to_char(your_number, '9990.99');
It's the default number formatting that Oracle provides.
If you want to specify something custom, you shall use TO_CHAR function (either in SQL query or PL/SQL code inside the loop).
Here is how it works:
SQL>
SQL> WITH aa AS (
2 select 1.3232 NUM from dual UNION ALL
3 select 1.3232 NUM from dual UNION ALL
4 select 332.323 NUM from dual UNION ALL
5 select 0.3232 NUM from dual
6 )
7 select NUM, to_char(NUM, 'FM999990D9999999') FORMATTED from aa
8 /
NUM FORMATTED
---------- ---------------
1.3232 1.3232
1.3232 1.3232
332.323 332.323
.3232 0.3232
SQL>
In this example, 'FM' - suppresses extra blanks, '0' indicates number digit including leading/trailing zeros, and '9' indicates digit suppressing leading/trailing zeros.
You can find many examples here:
http://docs.oracle.com/cd/B19306_01/server.102/b14200/sql_elements004.htm#i34570
This one is pretty simple actually yet I wasn't able to find anything useful.
In my SQL query I have some rounded numbers with a single scale value - round(number,1). If the numbers are rounded to some decimal digit it prints in the format '9,9'.
On the other hand if the numbers are rounded to an integer, only the integer value without the zero after comma is printed although I want my query to select the numbers in '9,9' format even the decimal digit is zero.
In short, I think I need something like for example
to_char((select round(121.01,1), from dual), '*,1') ; to output 121,0.
What is the best way to do this? Thanks in advance
Korhan
All you have to do is specify the number of decimal points you want in your to_char. The problem with using format masks is that you need to specify the number of numbers you want in front of your decimal point.
SQL> select to_char(round(121.01,1),'999.9') from dual;
TO_CHA
------
121.0
SQL> select to_char(round(121.4,1),'999.9') from dual;
TO_CHA
------
121.4
SQL> select to_char(round(121,1),'999.9') from dual;
TO_CHA
------
121.0
SQL> select to_char(round(5121,1),'999.9') from dual;
TO_CHA
------
######
SQL>
There are a number of other formatting options.
Use 0 instead 9 for decimal places:
SELECT TO_CHAR( ROUND( 121.01, 1 ), '990D0' ) num FROM DUAL;
NUM
------
121.0
This simple query may help you,
select to_char(round(121.01,1), '999.0') from dual;
In to_char function:
9 - indicate to block/hide zeros in the output.
0 - indicate to show zero in the output at anywhere in before/after decimal point.
Note:
No. of '9/0's in before/after decimal point is number of digits which you want to display beore/after decimal point.