SHA Hash functions
require 'digest/sha1'
Digest::SHA1.hexdigest 'foo'
For a Base64 encoded hash, to validated an Oauth signature, I used
require 'base64'
require 'hmac-sha1'
Base64.encode64((HMAC::SHA1.new('key') << 'base').digest).strip
I created a helper gem which is a simple wrapper around some sha1 code
require 'rickshaw'
> Rickshaw::SHA1.hash('LICENSE.txt')
=> "4659d94e7082a65ca39e7b6725094f08a413250a"
> "hello world".to_sha1
=> "2aae6c35c94fcfb415dbe95f408b9ce91ee846ed"
Where 'serialize' is some user function defined elsewhere.
def generateKey(data)
return Digest::SHA1.hexdigest ("#{serialize(data)}")
end
Related
Currently I want to create an md5 hash from an argument. Then I want to write the hash into a file (the path is another argument).
That is the custom function:
module Puppet::Parser::Functions
newfunction(:write_line_to_file) do |args|
require 'md5'
filename = args[0]
str = MD5.new(lookupvar(args[1])).to_s
File.open(filename, 'a') {|fd| fd.puts str }
end
end
And the call in the puppet manifest:
write_line_to_file('/tmp/some_hash', "Hello world!")
The result I get is a file and the content is not the hash but the original string. (In the example Hello World!)
I know that this custom function has no practical use. I just want to understand how the md5 hash works.
---UPD---
new Function (it works properly):
require 'digest'
module Puppet::Parser::Functions
newfunction(:lxwrite_line_to_file) do |args|
filename = args[0]
str = Digest::MD5.hexdigest args[1]
File.open(filename, 'w') {|fd| fd.puts str }
end
end
Which ruby you are using?
In Ruby 2.0+ there is a Digest module (documentation here) - why you don't use it instead?.
You can use any hash, available in Digest, like this:
Digest::MD5.digest '123'
=> " ,\xB9b\xACY\a[\x96K\a\x15-#Kp"
or use hexdigest if you prefer hex representation
Digest::MD5.hexdigest '123'
=> "202cb962ac59075b964b07152d234b70"
There are also other hash-functions available there:
Digest::SHA2.hexdigest '123'
=> "a665a45920422f9d417e4867efdc4fb8a04a1f3fff1fa07e998e86f7f7a27ae3"
I'm trying to build a test that will allow me to exercise FilePicker.io security. The code is run as:
ruby test.rb [file handle]
and the result is the query string that I can append to a FilePicker URL. I'm pretty sure my policy is getting read properly, but my signature isn't. Can someone tell me what I'm doing wrong? Here's the code:
require 'rubygems'
require 'base64'
require 'cgi'
require 'openssl'
require 'json'
handle = ARGV[0]
expiry = Time::now.to_i + 3600
policy = {:handle=>handle, :expiry=>expiry, :call=>["pick","read", "stat"]}.to_json
puts policy
puts "\n"
secret = 'SECRET'
encoded_policy = CGI.escape(Base64.encode64(policy))
signature = OpenSSL::HMAC.hexdigest('sha256', secret, encoded_policy)
puts "?signature=#{signature}&policy=#{encoded_policy}"
The trick is to use Base64.urlsafe_encode64 instead of CGI.escape:
require 'rubygems'
require 'base64'
require 'cgi'
require 'openssl'
require 'json'
handle = ARGV[0]
expiry = Time::now.to_i + 3600
policy = {:handle=>handle, :expiry=>expiry}.to_json
puts policy
puts "\n"
secret = 'SECRET'
encoded_policy = Base64.urlsafe_encode64(policy)
signature = OpenSSL::HMAC.hexdigest('sha256', secret, encoded_policy)
puts "?signature=#{signature}&policy=#{encoded_policy}"
When tested with the sample values for expiry, handle, and secret in the Filepicker.io docs it returns same values as the python example.
I resolved this in my Ruby 1.8 environment by removing the CGI.escape and gsubbing out the newline:
Base64.encode64(policy).gsub("\n","")
elevenarms's answer is the best for Ruby 1.9 users, but you have to do something a bit kludgy like the above for Ruby 1.8. I'll accept his answer nonetheless, since most of us are or shortly will be in 1.9 these days.
I don't know what name this goes by and that's been complicating my search.
My data file OX.session.xml is in the (old?) form
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<CAppLogin xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:xsd="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema" xmlns="http://oxbranch.optionsxpress.com">
<SessionID>FE5E27A056944FBFBEF047F2B99E0BF6</SessionID>
<AccountNum>8228-5500</AccountNum>
<AccountID>967454</AccountID>
</CAppLogin>
What is that XML data format called exactly?
Anyway, all I want is to end up with one hash in my Ruby code like so:
CAppLogin = { :SessionID => "FE5E27A056944FBFBEF047F2B99E0BF6", :AccountNum => "8228-5500", etc. } # Doesn't have to be called CAppLogin as in the file, may be fixed
What might be shortest, most built-in Ruby way to automate that hash read, in a way I can update the SessionID value and store it easily back into the file for later program runs?
I've played around with YAML, REXML but would rather not yet print my (bad) example trials.
There are a few libraries you can use in Ruby to do this.
Ruby toolbox has some good coverage of a few of them:
https://www.ruby-toolbox.com/categories/xml_mapping
I use XMLSimple, just require the gem then load in your xml file using xml_in:
require 'xmlsimple'
hash = XmlSimple.xml_in('session.xml')
If you're in a Rails environment, you can just use Active Support:
require 'active_support'
session = Hash.from_xml('session.xml')
Using Nokogiri to parse the XML with namespaces:
require 'nokogiri'
dom = Nokogiri::XML(File.read('OX.session.xml'))
node = dom.xpath('ox:CAppLogin',
'ox' => "http://oxbranch.optionsxpress.com").first
hash = node.element_children.each_with_object(Hash.new) do |e, h|
h[e.name.to_sym] = e.content
end
puts hash.inspect
# {:SessionID=>"FE5E27A056944FBFBEF047F2B99E0BF6",
# :AccountNum=>"8228-5500", :AccountID=>"967454"}
If you know that the CAppLogin is the root element, you can simplify a bit:
require 'nokogiri'
dom = Nokogiri::XML(File.read('OX.session.xml'))
hash = dom.root.element_children.each_with_object(Hash.new) do |e, h|
h[e.name.to_sym] = e.content
end
puts hash.inspect
# {:SessionID=>"FE5E27A056944FBFBEF047F2B99E0BF6",
# :AccountNum=>"8228-5500", :AccountID=>"967454"}
How can I encrypt a string with MD5 in Rails 3.0 ?
pass = MD5.hexdigest(pass) in a model yields uninitialized constant MyModel::MD5
You can use Digest::MD5 from the Ruby standard library for this.
irb(main):001:0> require 'digest/md5'
=> true
irb(main):002:0> Digest::MD5.hexdigest('foobar')
=> "3858f62230ac3c915f300c664312c63f"
And one more thing: MD5 is a hash algorithm. You don't "encrypt" anything with a hash algorithm.
I would like to be able to automatically parse JSON objects into instance variables. For example, with this JSON.
require 'httparty'
json = HTTParty.get('http://api.dribbble.com/players/simplebits') #=> {"shots_count":150,"twitter_screen_name":"simplebits","avatar_url":"http://dribbble.com/system/users/1/avatars/thumb/dancederholm-peek.jpg?1261060245","name":"Dan Cederholm","created_at":"2009/07/07 21:51:22 -0400","location":"Salem, MA","following_count":391,"url":"http://dribbble.com/players/simplebits","draftees_count":104,"id":1,"drafted_by_player_id":null,"followers_count":2214}
I'd like to be able to do this:
json.shots_count
And have it output:
150
How could I possibly do this?
You should definitely use something like json["shots_counts"], but if you really need objectified hash, you could create a new class for this:
class ObjectifiedHash
def initialize hash
#data = hash.inject({}) do |data, (key,value)|
value = ObjectifiedHash.new value if value.kind_of? Hash
data[key.to_s] = value
data
end
end
def method_missing key
if #data.key? key.to_s
#data[key.to_s]
else
nil
end
end
end
After that, use it:
ojson = ObjectifiedHash.new(HTTParty.get('http://api.dribbble.com/players/simplebits'))
ojson.shots_counts # => 150
Well, getting what you want is hard, but getting close is easy:
require 'json'
json = JSON.parse(your_http_body)
puts json['shots_count']
Not exactly what you are looking for, but this will get you closer:
ruby-1.9.2-head > require 'rubygems'
=> false
ruby-1.9.2-head > require 'httparty'
=> true
ruby-1.9.2-head > json = HTTParty.get('http://api.dribbble.com/players/simplebits').parsed_response
=> {"shots_count"=>150, "twitter_screen_name"=>"simplebits", "avatar_url"=>"http://dribbble.com/system/users/1/avatars/thumb/dancederholm-peek.jpg?1261060245", "name"=>"Dan Cederholm", "created_at"=>"2009/07/07 21:51:22 -0400", "location"=>"Salem, MA", "following_count"=>391, "url"=>"http://dribbble.com/players/simplebits", "draftees_count"=>104, "id"=>1, "drafted_by_player_id"=>nil, "followers_count"=>2214}
ruby-1.9.2-head > puts json["shots_count"]
150
=> nil
Hope this helps!