How can I script a bat or cmd to stop and start a service reliably with error checking (or let me know that it wasn't successful for whatever reason)?
Use the SC (service control) command, it gives you a lot more options than just start & stop.
DESCRIPTION:
SC is a command line program used for communicating with the
NT Service Controller and services.
USAGE:
sc <server> [command] [service name] ...
The option <server> has the form "\\ServerName"
Further help on commands can be obtained by typing: "sc [command]"
Commands:
query-----------Queries the status for a service, or
enumerates the status for types of services.
queryex---------Queries the extended status for a service, or
enumerates the status for types of services.
start-----------Starts a service.
pause-----------Sends a PAUSE control request to a service.
interrogate-----Sends an INTERROGATE control request to a service.
continue--------Sends a CONTINUE control request to a service.
stop------------Sends a STOP request to a service.
config----------Changes the configuration of a service (persistant).
description-----Changes the description of a service.
failure---------Changes the actions taken by a service upon failure.
qc--------------Queries the configuration information for a service.
qdescription----Queries the description for a service.
qfailure--------Queries the actions taken by a service upon failure.
delete----------Deletes a service (from the registry).
create----------Creates a service. (adds it to the registry).
control---------Sends a control to a service.
sdshow----------Displays a service's security descriptor.
sdset-----------Sets a service's security descriptor.
GetDisplayName--Gets the DisplayName for a service.
GetKeyName------Gets the ServiceKeyName for a service.
EnumDepend------Enumerates Service Dependencies.
The following commands don't require a service name:
sc <server> <command> <option>
boot------------(ok | bad) Indicates whether the last boot should
be saved as the last-known-good boot configuration
Lock------------Locks the Service Database
QueryLock-------Queries the LockStatus for the SCManager Database
EXAMPLE:
sc start MyService
net start [serviceName]
and
net stop [serviceName]
tell you whether they have succeeded or failed pretty clearly. For example
U:\>net stop alerter
The Alerter service is not started.
More help is available by typing NET HELPMSG 3521.
If running from a batch file, you have access to the ERRORLEVEL of the return code. 0 indicates success. Anything higher indicates failure.
As a bat file, error.bat:
#echo off
net stop alerter
if ERRORLEVEL 1 goto error
exit
:error
echo There was a problem
pause
The output looks like this:
U:\>error.bat
The Alerter service is not started.
More help is available by typing NET HELPMSG 3521.
There was a problem
Press any key to continue . . .
Return Codes
- 0 = Success
- 1 = Not Supported
- 2 = Access Denied
- 3 = Dependent Services Running
- 4 = Invalid Service Control
- 5 = Service Cannot Accept Control
- 6 = Service Not Active
- 7 = Service Request Timeout
- 8 = Unknown Failure
- 9 = Path Not Found
- 10 = Service Already Running
- 11 = Service Database Locked
- 12 = Service Dependency Deleted
- 13 = Service Dependency Failure
- 14 = Service Disabled
- 15 = Service Logon Failure
- 16 = Service Marked For Deletion
- 17 = Service No Thread
- 18 = Status Circular Dependency
- 19 = Status Duplicate Name
- 20 = Status Invalid Name
- 21 = Status Invalid Parameter
- 22 = Status Invalid Service Account
- 23 = Status Service Exists
- 24 = Service Already Paused
Edit 20.04.2015
Return Codes:
The NET command does not return the documented Win32_Service class return codes (Service Not Active,Service Request Timeout, etc) and for many errors will simply return Errorlevel 2.
Look here: http://ss64.com/nt/net_service.html
You can use the NET START command and then check the ERRORLEVEL environment variable, e.g.
net start [your service]
if %errorlevel% == 2 echo Could not start service.
if %errorlevel% == 0 echo Service started successfully.
echo Errorlevel: %errorlevel%
Disclaimer: I've written this from the top of my head, but I think it'll work.
I have created my personal batch file for this, mine is a little different but feel free to modify as you see fit.
I created this a little while ago because I was bored and wanted to make a simple way for people to be able to input ending, starting, stopping, or setting to auto. This BAT file simply requests that you input the service name and it will do the rest for you. I didn't realize that he was looking for something that stated any error, I must have misread that part. Though typically this can be done by inputting >> output.txt on the end of the line.
The %var% is just a way for the user to be able to input their own service into this, instead of having to go modify the bat file every time that you want to start/stop a different service.
If I am wrong, anyone can feel free to correct me on this.
#echo off
set /p c= Would you like to start a service [Y/N]?
if /I "%c%" EQU "Y" goto :1
if /I "%c%" EQU "N" goto :2
:1
set /p var= Service name:
:2
set /p c= Would you like to stop a service [Y/N]?
if /I "%c%" EQU "Y" goto :3
if /I "%c%" EQU "N" goto :4
:3
set /p var1= Service name:
:4
set /p c= Would you like to disable a service [Y/N]?
if /I "%c%" EQU "Y" goto :5
if /I "%c%" EQU "N" goto :6
:5
set /p var2= Service name:
:6
set /p c= Would you like to set a service to auto [Y/N]?
if /I "%c%" EQU "Y" goto :7
if /I "%c%" EQU "N" goto :10
:7
set /p var3= Service name:
:10
sc start %var%
sc stop %var1%
sc config %var2% start=disabled
sc config %var3% start=auto
Instead of checking codes, this works too
net start "Apache tomcat" || goto ExitError
:End
exit 0
:ExitError
echo An error has occurred while starting the tomcat services
exit 1
Using the return codes from net start and net stop seems like the best method to me. Try a look at this: Net Start return codes.
Syntax always gets me.... so...
Here is explicitly how to add a line to a batch file that will kill a remote service (on another machine) if you are an admin on both machines, run the .bat as an administrator, and the machines are on the same domain. The machine name follows the UNC format \myserver
sc \\ip.ip.ip.ip stop p4_1
In this case... p4_1 was both the Service Name and the Display Name, when you view the Properties for the service in Service Manager. You must use the Service Name.
For your Service Ops junkies... be sure to append your reason code and comment! i.e. '4' which equals 'Planned' and comment 'Stopping server for maintenance'
sc \\ip.ip.ip.ip stop p4_1 4 Stopping server for maintenance
We'd like to think that "net stop " will stop the service. Sadly, reality isn't that black and white. If the service takes a long time to stop, the command will return before the service has stopped. You won't know, though, unless you check errorlevel.
The solution seems to be to loop round looking for the state of the service until it is stopped, with a pause each time round the loop.
But then again...
I'm seeing the first service take a long time to stop, then the "net stop" for a subsequent service just appears to do nothing. Look at the service in the services manager, and its state is still "Started" - no change to "Stopping". Yet I can stop this second service manually using the SCM, and it stops in 3 or 4 seconds.
or you can start remote service with this cmd : sc \\<computer> start <service>
I just used Jonas' example above and created full list of 0 to 24 errorlevels. Other post is correct that net start and net stop only use errorlevel 0 for success and 2 for failure.
But this is what worked for me:
net stop postgresql-9.1
if %errorlevel% == 2 echo Access Denied - Could not stop service
if %errorlevel% == 0 echo Service stopped successfully
echo Errorlevel: %errorlevel%
Change stop to start and works in reverse.
Manual service restart is ok - services.msc has "Restart" button, but in command line both sc and net commands lacks a "restart" switch and if restart is scheduled in cmd/bat file, service is stopped and started immediately, sometimes it gets an error because service is not stopped yet, it needs some time to shut things down.
This may generate an error:
sc stop
sc start
It is a good idea to insert timeout, I use ping (it pings every 1 second):
sc stop
ping localhost -n 60
sc start
Here is the Windows 10 command to start System Restore using batch :
sc config swprv start= Auto
You may also like those commands :
Change registry value to auto start System restore
REG ADD "HKLM\SOFTWARE\Microsoft\Windows NT\CurrentVersion\SystemRestore" /v DisableSR /t REG_DWORD /d 0 /f
Create a system restore point
Wmic.exe /Namespace:\root\default Path SystemRestore Call CreateRestorePoint "djibe saved your PC", 100, 12
Change System Restore disk usage
vssadmin resize shadowstorage /for=C: /on=C: /maxsize=10%
Enjoy
SC can do everything with services... start, stop, check, configure, and more...
Sometimes you can find the stop does not work..
My SQlServer sometimes does this. Using the following commandline kills it. If you really really need your script to kill stuff that doesn't stop. I would have it do this as a last resort
taskkill /pid [pid number] /f
SC
NET STOP/START
PsService
WMIC
Powershell is also easy for use option
SC and NET are already given as an anwests. PsService add some neat features but requires a download from Microsoft.
But my favorite way is with WMIC as the WQL syntax gives a powerful way to manage more than one service with one line (WMI objects can be also used through powershell/vbscript/jscript/c#).
The easiest way to use it:
wmic service MyService call StartService
wmic service MyService call StopService
And example with WQL
wmic service where "name like '%%32Time%%' and ErrorControl='Normal'" call StartService
This will start all services that have a name containing 32Time and have normal error control.
Here are the methods you can use.
With :
wmic service get /FORMAT:VALUE
you can see the available information about the services.
I am writing a windows service in C#, the stop/uninstall/build/install/start loop got too tiring. Wrote a mini script, called it reploy.bat and dropped in my Visual Studio output directory (one that has the built service executable) to automate the loop.
Just set these 3 vars
servicename : this shows up on the Windows Service control panel (services.msc)
slndir : folder (not the full path) containing your solution (.sln) file
binpath : full path (not the folder path) to the service executable from the build
NOTE: This needs to be run from the Visual Studio Developer Command Line for the msbuild command to work.
SET servicename="My Amazing Service"
SET slndir="C:dir\that\contains\sln\file"
SET binpath="C:path\to\service.exe"
SET currdir=%cd%
call net stop %servicename%
call sc delete %servicename%
cd %slndir%
call msbuild
cd %bindir%
call sc create %servicename% binpath=%binpath%
call net start %servicename%
cd %currdir%
Maybe this helps someone :)
I didn't find any of the answers above to offer a satisfactory solution so I wrote the following batch script...
:loop
net stop tomcat8
sc query tomcat8 | find "STOPPED"
if errorlevel 1 (
timeout 1
goto loop
)
:loop2
net start tomcat8
sc query tomcat8 | find "RUNNING"
if errorlevel 1 (
timeout 1
goto loop2
)
It keeps running net stop until the service status is STOPPED, only after the status is stopped does it run net start. If a service takes a long time to stop, net stop can terminate unsuccessfully. If for some reason the service does not start successfully, it will keep attempting to start the service until the state is RUNNING.
With this can start a service or program that need a service
#echo
taskkill /im service.exe /f
taskkill /im service.exe /f
set "reply=y"
set /p "reply=Restart service? [y|n]: "
if /i not "%reply%" == "y" goto :eof
cd "C:\Users\user\Desktop"
start service.lnk
sc start service
eof
exit
Related
I have a .bat script that attempts to start a Windows service at the end.
:start_wildfly
echo.
set /p wildfly_service_name="Enter Wildfly service name: "
echo INFO: Starting %wildfly_service_name%...
echo.
call net start "%wildfly_service_name%"
I want to be able to interpret the result of the net start attempt so that I can have my script take the appropriate action if it fails (e.g. if the service is already running, restart it. If the service name is invalid, re-prompt for the name again, if the user doesn't have sufficient privileges, exit).
The problem is that the NET command does not return the documented Win32_Service class codes.
It does echo errors on the console, however:
The requested service has already been started.
More help is available by typing NET HELPMSG 2182.
See http://ss64.com/nt/net_service.html for a list of the errors.
Unforunately, the errorlevel variable is always 2 in these error cases, so I can't rely on that.
What I'm now trying to do is run a FIND on the output of the NET command, searching for specific error codes and act upon them.
net start Wildfly 2>&1 | FIND "2182"
if %errorlevel% equ 0 goto service_already_running
So, the result of the FIND is stored in errorlevel and I can check to see if the FIND succeeded by checking if errorlevel is 0. This works.
Now, the problem comes when I want to check for more than one error code. I don't know how to expand the code above to check for "2185" as well, for example, and goto a different label in that case.
I'm now attempting to store the entire result of the NET command into a variable, and then run a FINDSTR on that variable.
setlocal EnableDelayedExpansion
set "output_cnt=0"
for /F "delims=" %%f in ('dir /b') do (
set /a output_cnt+=1
set "output[!output_cnt!]=%%f"
)
for /L %%n in (1 1 !output_cnt!) DO echo !output[%%n]!
This should store and echo each line of the output, however the last line doesn't seem to do anything.
And then I've also found some code that should search within a variable and return whether or not that string was found:
echo.%output%|findstr /C:"2182" >nul 2>&1 && echo Found || echo Not found.
I've had no luck putting it all together though. I just want to be able to interpret the result of the NET START <SERVICE> and jump to certain labels based on the result.
I want to be able to interpret the result of the net start attempt
so that I can have my script take the appropriate action if it fails (e.g. if the service is already running, restart it. If the service name is invalid, re-prompt for the name again, if the user doesn't have sufficient privileges, exit).
Start the service as you are already doing:
net start "%wildfly_service_name%"
Now check the status of the service.
There are two ways to do this.
Use net start again to see if the service is running:
net start | find "%wildfly_service_name%" > nul
if errorlevel 1 echo The service is not running
Use sc (Service Control) to check the service status:
SC query %wildfly_service_name% | find "STATE" | find "STOPPED"
Or
sc query %wildfly_service_name% | find "STATE" | find "RUNNING"
The two statements above will return %errorlevel% = 1 if the text is not found.
Further Reading
An A-Z Index of the Windows CMD command line - An excellent reference for all things Windows cmd line related.
net - The NET Command is used to manage network resources.
sc - Service Control - Create, Start, Stop, Query or Delete any Windows SERVICE.
Taking DavidPostill's answer of using net start to check the status of the service, here is my new solution:
echo.
echo INFO: Starting %wildfly_service_name%...
echo.
:verify_not_running
net start | find "%wildfly_service_name%" > nul
if %errorlevel% equ 0 goto restart_wildfly
:start_wildfly
net start "%wildfly_service_name%"
goto verify_running
:restart_wildfly
echo The %wildfly_service_name% service is already running. Will now restart...
net stop "%wildfly_service_name%"
net start "%wildfly_service_name%"
:verify_running
net start | find "%wildfly_service_name%" > nul
if errorlevel 1 goto start_wildfly
This script will first verify the service is not running.
If the service is already running, it will restart the service.
In either case, I check at the end to make sure the service is now started. If not, repeat the process over again.
Note that I no longer have a requirement to check that the service name was valid. The service name is now hardcoded earlier in the script so it is assumed to be correct.
And to handle the case of insufficient privileges, I added this snippet at the beginning of the script:
:check_permissions
net session >nul 2>&1
if errorlevel 1 (
echo.
echo ERROR: This script must be run as an Administrator. Please re-run the script from an elevated command prompt.
echo.
echo Right-click "cmd.exe" from the Start menu and select "Run As Administrator".
exit /b %error_level%
)
You're right; the net command apparently always returns 2 for any kind of error. However, you can use the sc start command as a drop-in replacement for net start, and that one does indicate different errors through distinct exit statuses, in particular 1056 for An instance of the service is already running. So, you can use use
sc start "%wildfly_service_name%"
And then check %errorlevel% afterwards.
I am trying to create a batch file that will sort 7 windows services into a list then check one by one if they're running, and if they aren't, start them.
What I have doesn't seem to be wokring and seems to echo set i=o. I am trying to find out how to properly execute the two for loops and if anybody has any suggestions for syntax that would be awesome
I was able to create a very primitive version but wanted to learn more about batch file "programming". This is what I've come up with so far:
::Enter in CC number
set /p CC=Enter The Site's CC:
#echo off
setlocal EnableDelayedExpansion
::Create vector with names of services
set i=0
for %%s in
("Apache Tomcat"
"OracleServicePD"
"OracleXETNSListener_bqw"
"System Audit Service"
"RPOS ScemComms Service"
"RPOS debit credit service"
"RPOS Remote Device Service"
"RPOS Messaging Service"
) do (
set /A i=i+1
set services[!i!]=%%s
)
::Check if all services are running, if not go to it's respective net start method
::After all is checked, it goes to :check to show services are running
set n=0
:loop
for /L %%G in (0,1,7) do (
net start | find !services[%n%]! > nul 2>&1
if not "%errorlevel%"=="0"
set pathname=!services[%n%]!
set /A n=n+1
goto %pathname%
)
goto check
:"Apache Tomcat"
net start tomcat6
goto loop
:"OracleServicePD"
net start "OracleServicePD%CC%"
goto loop
:"OracleXETNSListener_bqw"
net start "OracleXETNSListener_bqw"
goto loop
:"System Audit Service"
net start "System Audit Service"
goto loop
:"RPOS ScemComms Service"
net start "RPOS ScemComms Service"
goto loop
:"RPOS debit credit service"
net start "RPOS debit credit service"
goto loop
:"RPOS Remote Device Service"
net start "RPOS Remote Device Service"
goto loop
:"RPOS Messaging Service"
net start "RPOS Messaging Service"
goto loop
:check
echo Apache Tomcat && sc query tomcat6 | find "STATE"
echo OracleServicePD%CC% && sc query "OracleServicePD%CC%" | find "STATE"
echo OracleXETNSListener_bqw && sc query "OracleXETNSListener_bqw" | find "STATE"
echo System Audit Service && sc query "System Audit Service" | find "STATE"
echo RPOS ScemComms Service && sc query "RPOS ScemComms Service" | find "STATE"
echo RPOS debit credit service && sc query "RPOS debit credit service" | find "STATE"
echo RPOS Remote Device Service && sc query "RPOS Remote Device Service" | find "STATE"
echo RPOS Messaging Service && sc query "RPOS Messaging Service" | find "STATE"
first, your first service is services[1], but your loop starts with 0.
more importantly, where does %n% come from? you mean %%G here.
sc start AeLookupSvc&&echo Started||(sc start AeLookupSvc|Findstr /c:"1056"&&Echo Already Running||Echo Error starting service)
Your pattern of testing then doing is not a good programming technique. You do and test if it worked.
The above does one service and reports if already running, if it was started, or what error prevents it starting. All in one line.
From MSDos 6.22 Help File.
│The following list shows each exit code and a brief description of its
│meaning:
│
│0
│ The search was completed successfully and at least one match was found.
│
│1
│ The search was completed successfully, but no matches were found.
│
│2
│ The search was not completed successfully. In this case, an error
│ occurred during the search, and FIND cannot report whether any matches
│ were found.
│
│You can use the ERRORLEVEL parameter on the command line in a batch
│program to process exit codes returned by FIND.
A list of command line things.
& seperates commands on a line.
&& executes this command only if previous command's errorlevel is 0.
|| (not used above) executes this command only if previous command's errorlevel is NOT 0
> output to a file
>> append output to a file
< input from a file
| output of one command into the input of another command
^ escapes any of the above, including itself, if needed to be passed to a program
" parameters with spaces must be enclosed in quotes
+ used with copy to concatinate files. E.G. copy file1+file2 newfile
, used with copy to indicate missing parameters. This updates the files modified date. E.G. copy /b file1,,
%variablename% a inbuilt or user set environmental variable
!variablename! a user set environmental variable expanded at execution time, turned with SelLocal EnableDelayedExpansion command
%<number> (%1) the nth command line parameter passed to a batch file. %0 is the batchfile's name.
%* (%*) the entire command line.
%<a letter> or %%<a letter> (%A or %%A) the variable in a for loop. Single % sign at command prompt and double % sign in a batch file.
.
I'm trying to write a batch file that will restart a service from a program my company uses called Bomgar that allows our help desk technicians to remote into an employees computer. I know how to write a batch file that restarts services, the problem is that each service has a unique number ID on it (example; bomgar-ps-10000000-10000000) that is completely different machine to machine. Is there a way to restart services whose name falls within a "range"? Say any service whose name contains "bomgar-ps" as an example.
Really not sure how to handle this. The problem we're having is that this service is failing to start up occasionally and when an employee calls with a problem, they aren't tech savvy so a lot of time is wasted trying to guide them into services.msc and manually restarting the service.
This should work also.
#echo off
set "servicename="
for /f "tokens=*" %%a in ('net start ^| find /i "bomgar-ps") do set "servicename=%%a"
if defined servicename net stop "%servicename%"
ping -n 3 localhost >nul
net start "%servicename%"
echo servicename "%servicename%" has attempted to restart
If you are merely guiding someone over the phone to restart the service then this will print the name to the console, in a fairly simple manner (add /i to the find command if bomgar can be mixed case"
net start|find "bomgar"
Try this, I used it to search for the print spooler name and restart it. You should be able to replace spool with boomgar-ps, you may even be able to remove the SERVICE_NAME: part.
#ECHO OFF
>%TEMP%\~sc.log (sc queryex type= service state= all)
for /F "tokens=1,* delims=: " %%I in ('type %TEMP%\~sc.log^|find "SERVICE_NAME: Spool"') do set scname=%%J
ECHO RESTARTING %scname%
sc stop %scname%
sc start %scname%
All,
I'm trying to stop a Windows service that we have created that is dependant on another service. I just want to stop both of the service using a batch file, sc command for example, where the services are running on a remote machine.
I have tried stopping the services in the order of dependancy (least dependant first), but it does not stop the service.
For example Service1 depends upon Service2 which is configured within the Service settings in the Services console. I am running the script on my Windows 7 PC and the server runs Windows Server 2003.
The following lines are in the noddy batch file I created:
sc \\SERVER stop "Service1"
sc \\SERVER stop "Service2"
The output in the Command Console is:
D:\Test>sc \\SERVER stop "Service2"
[SC] ControlService FAILED 1051:
A stop control has been sent to a service that other running services are dependent on.
The service Service2 will not stop. Service1 stops fine.
Any ideas?
Thanks,
Andez
The "net stop" command has a parameter which is not commented. This parameter is /yes and will automatically stop all the dependent services too
So to stop a service with or without dependencies you just type
net stop spooler /yes
You can check which dependencies a service has by running sc qc <service>
And in order to script that and retrieve the dependencies you can put it in a for-loop
Example:
#echo off
setlocal enabledelayedexpansion
set service=winmgmt
set server=server
for /f "Tokens=2 Delims=:" %%i in ('sc \\%server% qc %service% ^| find /i "DEPENDENCIES"') do (
set depservice=%%i
rem removes spaces
set depservice=!depservice: =!
sc \\%server% stop "!depservice!"
rem extra: accumulate all dependencies to one variable
set alldeps=!alldeps!, !depservice!
rem remove first ", " in variable
set alldeps=!alldeps=~2!
)
sc \\%server% stop "%service%" && echo Both %service% and !alldeps! were stopped || echo Something went wrong stopping %service%
exit /b
The above will only work if the service that you want to stop only has one dependency.
To anyone experiencing similar problems:
It's important to remember that the SC command is asynchronous. The following may help:
Halt batch file until service stop is complete?
Niklas batch file doesn't work for me.
It appears that on Windows Server 2008 R2, the qc command shows the services that this service depends on. They are not relevant at this point, you can stop the service without causing a ripple in their life.
What you actually want are the services that depend on the service being killed. You get those with the EnumDepend command to sc.exe.
Unfortunately, the output syntax is quite a bit different, so you'll need to preserve the logic shown above but replace the parsing.
How do you make your stop/start service scripts gracefully handling the services that get stuck in STOP_PENDING or START_PENDING...
Related with SC STOP and START. Stop and Start a service via batch or cmd file?
I have one aproach in mind, but I don't like it.
This is the way i'm approaching the stop.
Stop: sc %host% stop %service% || ECHO ERROR! && EXIT -1
Loop waiting for state to be STOPPED.
Loop with a maximum number of iterations (e.g. 30). Testing if service is stopped (e.g. sc %host% query %service% | find /i "STOPPED"). Wait some seconds in each iteration (e.g. 10). Reaching the maximum iterations, try to kill the process using taskkill (e.g. work the output of sc queryex Alerter | find /i "PID").
First open service.msc, in the properties dialog for your targeted service go to the Recovery Tab *(run -> services.msc -> right-click Target-Service -> Properties -> Recovery tab*)
Make sure the First\Second\Subsequent failures are all set to : Take No Action.
Get the PID of your target service using: sc queryex ServiceName:
Kill the process using taskkill /f /pid your_PID_number
For me sometimes a 'Windows service' is hanging when I have the window services.msc open. I can't kill the process, neither use net stop or sc stop.
But when I close the services.msc window, the service immediately stops.