I need to add 30 minutes to values in a Oracle date column. I do this in my SELECT statement by specifying
to_char(date_and_time + (.000694 * 31)
which works fine most of the time. But not when the time is on the AM/PM border. For example, adding 30 minutes to 12:30 [which is PM] returns 1:00 which is AM. The answer I expect is 13:00. What's the correct way to do this?
In addition to being able to add a number of days to a date, you can use interval data types assuming you are on Oracle 9i or later, which can be somewhat easier to read,
SQL> ed
Wrote file afiedt.buf
SELECT sysdate, sysdate + interval '30' minute FROM dual
SQL> /
SYSDATE SYSDATE+INTERVAL'30'
-------------------- --------------------
02-NOV-2008 16:21:40 02-NOV-2008 16:51:40
All of the other answers are basically right but I don't think anyone's directly answered your original question.
Assuming that "date_and_time" in your example is a column with type DATE or TIMESTAMP, I think you just need to change this:
to_char(date_and_time + (.000694 * 31))
to this:
to_char(date_and_time + (.000694 * 31), 'DD-MON-YYYY HH24:MI')
It sounds like your default date format uses the "HH" code for the hour, not "HH24".
Also, I think your constant term is both confusing and imprecise. I guess what you did is calculate that (.000694) is about the value of a minute, and you are multiplying it by the number of minutes you want to add (31 in the example, although you said 30 in the text).
I would also start with a day and divide it into the units you want within your code. In this case, (1/48) would be 30 minutes; or if you wanted to break it up for clarity, you could write ( (1/24) * (1/2) ).
This would avoid rounding errors (except for those inherent in floating point which should be meaningless here) and is clearer, at least to me.
UPDATE "TABLE"
SET DATE_FIELD = CURRENT_TIMESTAMP + interval '48' minute
WHERE (...)
Where interval is one of
YEAR
MONTH
DAY
HOUR
MINUTE
SECOND
from http://www.orafaq.com/faq/how_does_one_add_a_day_hour_minute_second_to_a_date_value
The SYSDATE pseudo-column shows the current system date and time. Adding 1 to SYSDATE will advance the date by 1 day. Use fractions to add hours, minutes or seconds to the date
SQL> select sysdate, sysdate+1/24, sysdate +1/1440, sysdate + 1/86400 from dual;
SYSDATE SYSDATE+1/24 SYSDATE+1/1440 SYSDATE+1/86400
-------------------- -------------------- -------------------- --------------------
03-Jul-2002 08:32:12 03-Jul-2002 09:32:12 03-Jul-2002 08:33:12 03-Jul-2002 08:32:13
I prefer using an interval literal for this, because interval '30' minute or interval '5' second is a lot easier to read then 30 / (24 * 60) or 5 / (24 * 60 * 69)
e.g.
some_date + interval '2' hour
some_date + interval '30' minute
some_date + interval '5' second
some_date + interval '2' day
You can also combine several units into one expression:
some_date + interval '2 3:06' day to minute
Adds 2 days, 3 hours and 6 minutes to the date value
The above is also standard SQL and also works in several other DBMS.
More details in the manual: https://docs.oracle.com/database/121/SQLRF/sql_elements003.htm#SQLRF00221
If the data type of the field is date or timestamp, Oracle should always give the correct result if you add the correct number given in number of days (or a the correct fraction of a day in your case). So if you are trying to bump the value in 30 minutes, you should use :
select field + 0.5/24 from table;
Based on the information you provided, I believe this is what you tried to do and I am quite sure it works.
Can we not use this
SELECT date_and_time + INTERVAL '20:00' MINUTE TO SECOND FROM dual;
I am new to this domain.
like that very easily
i added 10 minutes to system date and always in preference use the Db server functions not custom one .
select to_char(sysdate + NUMTODSINTERVAL(10,'MINUTE'),'DD/MM/YYYY HH24:MI:SS') from dual;
Be sure that Oracle understands that the starting time is PM, and to specify the HH24 format mask for the final output.
SELECT to_char((to_date('12:40 PM', 'HH:MI AM') + (1/24/60) * 30), 'HH24:MI') as time
FROM dual
TIME
---------
13:10
Note: the 'AM' in the HH:MI is just the placeholder for the AM/PM meridian indicator. Could be also 'PM'
Oracle now has new built in functions to do this:
select systimestamp START_TIME, systimestamp + NUMTODSINTERVAL(30, 'minute') end_time from dual
Based on what you're asking for, you want the HH24:MI format for to_char.
To edit Date in oracle you can try
select to_char(<columnName> + 5 / 24 + 30 / (24 * 60),
'DD/MM/RRRR hh:mi AM') AS <logicalName> from <tableName>
SELECT to_char(sysdate + (1/24/60) * 30, 'dd/mm/yy HH24:MI am') from dual;
simply you can use this with various date format....
Related
I need to write a query which will do a date lookup by the most completed quarter hour.
So, if the current time is 5:35, then the criteria would be 5:15 - 5:30. If the time is 5:46, then 5:30 - 5:45, if the time is 6:02, then 5:45 - 6:00.
Not sure how to easily do this.
Something like
with cqh (dt) as (
select trunc(sysdate, 'hh') +
trunc(extract(minute from systimestamp) / 15) * interval '15' minute
from dual
)
select [_data_] from [_your_table_] cross join cqh
where [_date_column_] >= cqh.dt - interval '15' minute
and [_date_column_] < cqh.dt
;
The subquery calculates the most recently completed quarter-hour. It first truncates SYSDATE to the beginning of the current hour. Then we add a multiple of 15 minutes - the multiplier is 0, 1, 2 or 3, depending on the minute component of SYSDATE. Alas, EXTRACT(MINUTE FROM ...) only works on timestamps, so I had to use SYSTIMESTAMP there instead of SYSDATE, but other than that, the computation should be pretty obvious.
Then cross-join whatever else gives you "the data" to this small helper view, to use the DT value calculated in it.
Oracle SQL developer:
I have 2 fields in question -
Arrival time : Date time format (example: 01-JAN-15 11:03:00)
Service window End time: HH:MM (Varchar) ( example: 20:00)
I have to apply the logic where Arrival time is 30 minutes or more after service window end time.
Thank you very much for the help in advance.
Considering your arrival_time as date, we can use following logic.
Select * from your_table
Where (to_date(
to_char(arrival_time,'dd-mon-yyyy')
|| ' '
||service_window_end_time
,'dd-mon-yyyy hh24:mi') - arrival_time)*24*60 > 30
-- difference of dates give the number of days
-- so converted it to number of minutes by multiplying it with 24*60
But please note that your logic will not work when arrival_time and service_window_end_time represents different days.
Cheers!!
You will want to use INTERVAL to add minutes.
SELECT SYSDATE schedule_end_time,
SYSDATE + INTERVAL '30' MINUTE arrival_time
FROM dual
You can then use this in the WHERE clause with a greater than operator to do the comparison.
How can i convert the result of select statement of time interval field in respective time in Am/Pm format.
My Field is:
Interval Day(2) To Second(6)
I tried this:
select To_Char(Att_EntranceTime , 'HH:MI AM') From EMPLOYEEATTENDENCETABLE;
however this does not help me, i have also tried to add the basetime from systime to my interval field but that did not help.. can someone suggest me what to do?
Intervals can't be directly formatted, as you've discovered. You can add your interval to any date which has its time set to midnight, and then format the resulting date to show the time in your desired format. For example you could add it to today's date using trunc(sysdate):
to_char(trunc(sysdate) + my_interval, 'HH:MI AM')
You need to truncate it to set the time to midnight; otherwise the result will be your interval plus the current system time.
Or you can use any fixed date; here's an example with some dummy data set-up:
create table my_table (my_interval interval day(2) to second(6));
insert into my_table (my_interval) values (interval '0 12:34:56.78' day to second);
insert into my_table (my_interval) values (interval '99 01:02:03.456' day to second);
select my_interval, to_char(date '1970-01-01' + my_interval, 'HH:MI AM') as formatted
from my_table;
MY_INTERVAL FORMATTED
-------------------- ---------
+00 12:34:56.780000 12:34 PM
+99 01:02:03.456000 01:02 AM
The second value shows a potential problem. Your interval is defined to allow a two-digit day number, which means the interval can span anything less than 100 days. If you only extract the time portion you lose that information about the number of days. That may be what you want to happen though. If the interval is supposed to be representing a time of day, which wanting to show AM/PM implies - and it's unusual to store an actual time separate from its date - then having or allowing a number of days seems strange.
This question already has answers here:
How to store only time; not date and time?
(5 answers)
Closed 8 years ago.
I would like to insert data to db as time, not date. If I use to_date('2012-08-31 07:39:33', 'YYYY-MM-DD HH24:MI:SS') it adds date too.
If I use to_date('09:34:00', 'HH24:MI:SS') it adds year, month, day as well, from nowhere :|
Later I need to get rows where time is between x and y, not taking in account the year, month or day. How do I do that?
thanks
As an alternative to the date solution Dave shows, you could use an interval data type for the column:
create table t42(id number, t interval day to second);
insert into t42 (id, t) values(123, to_dsinterval('0 07:39:33'));
insert into t42 (id, t) values(456, to_dsinterval('0 09:34:00'));
select id
from t42
where t between to_dsinterval('0 07:00:00') and to_dsinterval('0 07:59:59');
ID
----------
123
Displaying intervals is a little awkward as they don't have format models, but see this question for some ideas if needed. If you only use them for filtering then that may not be an issue at all.
A DATE type always includes the date component.
One option is to continue using DATE and write your code to ignore the date component. In order to make queries on the time efficient, you might want to create a function-based index on something like TO_CHAR( date_field, 'HH24:MI:SS' ) and use that expression in your queries.
Alternatively, you could use a NUMBER field to store the number of seconds since midnight, and write your queries in terms of that.
you can use number column type and insert value as
INSERT INTO table_name (nTime)
VALUES (date - trunc(date));
and then select values
select *
from table_name t
where t.nTime between (10 / 24 + 15 / 24 / 60) and (12 / 24 + 30 / 24 / 60) --between 10:15 and 12:30
I have a database of start and stop times that have previously all had fairly recent data (1960s through present day) which i've been able to store as long integers. This is very simialr to unix timestamps, only with millisecond precision, so a function like java.util.Date.getTime() would be the value of the current time.
This has worked well so far, but we recently got data from the 1860s, and the following code no longer works when values that result in times < 1901 (give or take):
to_timestamp('1-JAN-1970 00:00:00', 'dd-mon-yyyy hh24:mi:ss') + numtodsinterval(int_to_convert/(1000),'SECOND' );
trying this with a value in milliseconds such as -2177452800000 causes some issues, such as returning the date with a timestamp in the year 2038. Is there a way around this issue? All of the documentation i've looked at the documentation and timestamps should be able to handle years all the way back to the -4000 (BC), so i'm suspecting an issue with the numtodsinterval.
Any ideas suggestions would be greatly appreciated.
How about something like this :
select to_timestamp('1-JAN-1970 00:00:00', 'dd-mon-yyyy hh24:mi:ss') +
numtodsinterval(val /(1000*60*60*24),'DAY' ) +
numtodsinterval(
((val /(1000*60*60*24)) - (trunc(val /(1000*60*60*24))) ) * 60*60*24,'SECOND')
from (select -2177452812340 val from dual);
Separate out the DAY component and add the whole days, then take the remainder and add that at the higher precision
SELECT to_date('01011970', 'DDMMYYYY')+1586707435919/86400/1000 FROM dual
How about
select to_date('01-JAN-1970','DD-MON-YYYY') + ( -1111111111 / (60 * 60 * 24*1000) ) from dual;
That's what I use to convert Java milliseconds to dates.