Oracle JOIN USING + Subquery : ora-00904 string: invalid identifier - oracle

Question

i m having a little syntax problem in my query (simplified) :
select *
from table1 t1
inner join table2 t2 using (pk1)
inner join table3 t3 using (pk2)
where not exists (select1 from table4 t4 where t4.pk1 = t1.pk1)
By using the "using" keyword, oracle doesnt allow table identifier in front of the column name (eg : t1.pk1, only pk1 can be used)
If i write :
select *
from table1 t1
inner join table2 t2 using (pk1)
inner join table3 t3 using (pk2)
where not exists (select1 from table4 t4 where t4.pk1 = pk1)
This query will not give the expected results.
But since i am using an "exists" subquery, how can i join this subquery ?
Of course, i suppose i could write this query another way and avoid the exists, or i could NOT use "using".
But is it possible to have "join / using" combined with a subquery in the where clause ?
Edit : using Oracle 10gR2

Answer 1

Interesting problem! The best I can manage while still using USING is:
select * from
( select *
from table1 t1
inner join table2 t2 using (pk1)
inner join table3 t3 using (pk2)
) v
where not exists (select1 from table4 t4 where t4.pk1 = v.pk1)

Answer 2

You cannot use the table qualifiers with natural joins.
This query:
select 1 from table4 t4 where t4.pk1 = pk1
is being parsed as
select 1 from table4 t4 where t4.pk1 = t4.pk1
and NOT EXISTS over it always returns false if there is but a single record in table4.
Just use explicit JOIN conditions:
WITH table1 AS
(
SELECT 1 AS pk1
FROM dual
),
table2 AS
(
SELECT 1 AS pk1, 1 AS pk2
FROM dual
),
table3 AS
(
SELECT 1 AS pk2
FROM dual
),
table4 AS
(
SELECT 2 AS pk1
FROM dual
)
SELECT *
FROM table1 t1
JOIN table2 t2
ON t2.pk1 = t1.pk1
JOIN table3 t3
ON t3.pk2 = t2.pk2
WHERE NOT EXISTS
(
SELECT 1
FROM table4 t4
WHERE t4.pk1 = t1.pk1
)