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I was trying to understand and remember keyboard shortcuts for bash. I was wondering why is the char 'u' used in
CTRL-u --- cancel the line before cursor location
While unix-line-discard is a good mnemonic, the use of CTRL+U as a line-erase character precedes the invention of UNIX. It was used as such on various Digital Equipment (DEC) systems, including the PDP-8. For instance, from my dusty bookshelf I see that CTRL+U was used as line-erase in the PDP-8 Symbolic Editor (page 5-13 of the 1972 edition of the PDP-8 Introduction To Programming (Volume 1) manual published by DEC). In fact, in the early days of UNIX, the # character was often the default line-erase character. Other systems used CTRL+X for the same function, which made some sense since the ASCII control character description for it is Cancel. The DEC convention of CTRL+U eventually won out in the popularity contest.
"unix-line-discard": http://cnswww.cns.cwru.edu/php/chet/readline/readline.html#SEC17
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I systematically get into trouble on Mac to enter Unicode characters in the very generic manner from quite common applications like Word, IStudio Publisher etc. Would it'd be possible to solve this issue once and for all OS X users.
by the way I'm using Mac mini with OS X (10.13)
I don't have numeric keypad
First make sure Unicode Hex Input is enabled in System Preferences > Keyboard > Input Sources
It should appear at the left box with your other language keyboards. If Unicode Hex Input isn't available there, click the + button below and scroll to the very bottom of the languages list and choose others, select Unicode Hex Input in the right side details box and click Add button.
Now Unicode Hex Input should be available in menu bar among other languages, choose it and you will then be able to enter unicode characters by holding Option while you type the numbers.
Here is an example of Option+7767=睧 ;)
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I'm just trying to understand the below scenario.
I'm entering some data to notepad without any new line character but it is being displayed in two lines as shown in below (but I want output in single line only).
Is Windows OS adding a newline character to the data after a certain limit ? What is the reason behind displaying it in two lines ?
It might look funny, but please help me understand.
Notepad is not adding a newline character to the data. Notepad has a limit on how many characters it will display on a single line, even with the word-wrap mode turned off. This does not effect the actual characters in the file.
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I can use Alt+f, Alt+b and a series of other Alt command to doing things with word. But the concept word is vague for me.
From my experience, . , _ are valid separator for word, meanwhile ' not,
but is there a clear doc which tells us which separator are valid for word in bash?
Bash (among other command line applications) uses a library called Readline for allowing the user to enter commands. The shortcuts you mentioned are Readline shortcuts (specifically, Readline in Emacs mode). You can check out the documentation for Readline here.
The answer to your specific question is that words are "composed of letters and digits".
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I am starting to learn git. And there is a command which uses the Caret(^) operator. So far I have held in the SHIFT button and pressed the Caret Operator twice and two operators show up like this (^^). For some reason when you press the key once the operator doesn't show up and I find it very annoying. So if there is a way to type the operator just once please enlighten me about it. My OS is Windows btw.
Press space after the first caret.
Your keyboard driver is set to recognize certain characters as "possibly the first of an accent+base combination", such as ' + a -> á. If you press a second key that does not form a valid accent, you get the original character, and the second one as well.
Press the ^ sign once and then space.
You only get the ^ symbol with the cursor right next to it!
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GW-Basic was my first programming language. And i never found out what the 'GW' stands for.
From the Wikipedia article:
There are several theories on what the
initials "GW" stand for. Greg Whitten,
an early Microsoft employee who
developed the standards in the
company's BASIC compiler line, says
Bill Gates picked the name GW-BASIC.
Whitten refers to it as Gee-Whiz BASIC
and is unsure if Gates named the
program after him. The Microsoft
User Manual from Microsoft Press also
refers to it by this name.
It may have also been nicknamed
Gee-Whiz because it had a large
number of graphics commands.
Other common theories as to the
initials' origins include "Graphics
and Windows", "Gates, William"
(Microsoft's president at the time),
or "Gates-Whitten" (the two main
designers of the program).