gcc link results with errors:
dns.cpp: undefined reference to '__res_querydomain'
dns.cpp: undefined reference to '__dn_skipname'
dns.cpp: undefined reference to '__dn_expand'
dns.cpp: undefined reference to '__res_query'
Is there another library that I need to link to?
Adding -lresolv solved this for me.
Related
I am trying to use FFmpeg libraries available from here under Windows 10 (64 bits). I downloaded version=20181126-90ac0e5, architecture=Windows-64, Linking=Dev. There are 3 folders inside that FFmpeg folder: examples, lib and include.
To use these libraries I copied the contents of the "include" folder to the "include" folder of my MinGW installation. I also copied the contents of the "lib" folder to the "lib" folder of MinGW.
I try to compile the decode_video.c example that comes inside the examples folder with the following way:
gcc decode_video.c -o decode_video.exe -lavcodec -lavutil -lavformat -lm
The compiler gives me these undefined references:
undefined reference to `avcodec_send_packet'
undefined reference to `avcodec_receive_frame'
undefined reference to `av_packet_alloc'
undefined reference to `avcodec_find_decoder'
undefined reference to `av_parser_init'
undefined reference to `avcodec_alloc_context3'
undefined reference to `avcodec_open2'
undefined reference to `av_frame_alloc'
undefined reference to `av_parser_parse2'
undefined reference to `av_parser_close'
undefined reference to `avcodec_free_context'
undefined reference to `av_frame_free'
undefined reference to `av_packet_free'
I would like to know what I am doing wrong here. Any guidance is very welcome.
I'm trying to add the Chilkat C/C++ libraries into a project in CodeBlocks (32-bit, version 12.11) for Windows 7.
So I went to http://www.chilkatsoft.com/downloads_mingw.asp, and downloaded the 32-bit MinGW library.
Then in CodeBlocks I did:
Settings>Compiler>Linker Settings>Add>C:\chilkat-9.5.0-mingw32\libchilkat-9.5.0.a
Settings>Compiler>Search Directories>Compiler>Add>C:\chilkat-9.5.0-mingw32\include
Settings>Compiler>Search Directories>Linker>Add>C:\chilkat-9.5.0-mingw32
Project>Build Options...>Project Root>Linker Settings>Add>C:\chilkat-9.5.0-mingw32\libchilkat-9.5.0.a
Project>Build Options...>Project Root>Search Directory>Compiler>Add>C:\chilkat-9.5.0-mingw32\include
Project>Build Options...>Project Root>Search Directory>Linker>Add>C:\chilkat-9.5.0-mingw32
Then I set my compiler to GNU GCC Compiler.
Finally, I encounter these two issues:
When I do #include<...> and press Ctrl+Space inside the brackets, there are no suggestions for anything related to the Chilkat library. See first code block below for full code (pretty simple).
While the program builds successfully with CkMailMan.h included, it breaks when I instantiate CkMailMan, with the errors shown in the second code block below.
I suspect it has to do with the library extension being ".a," which is for Linux. But I get the same problem when I do a Visual Basic version of this library (extensions .dll) and use the Microsoft Visual C++ 2010 compiler. Any ideas?
Code:
#include <iostream>
#include <CkMailMan.h>
using namespace std;
CkMailMan mailman;
int main()
{
cout << "Hello world!" << endl;
return 0;
}
Error messages in Build Log when running code:
-------------- Build: Debug in TimeButler (compiler: GNU GCC Compiler)---------------
mingw32-g++.exe -Wall -fexceptions -g -IC:\chilkat-9.5.0-x86-vc10\include -IC:\chilkat-9.5.0-mingw32\include -IC:\chilkat-9.5.0-mingw32\include -c C:\TimeButler\main.cpp -o obj\Debug\main.o
mingw32-g++.exe -LC:\chilkat-9.5.0-x86-vc10\libs -LC:\chilkat-9.5.0-mingw32 -LC:\chilkat-9.5.0-mingw32 -o bin\Debug\TimeButler.exe obj\Debug\main.o C:\chilkat-9.5.0-x86-vc10\libs\ChilkatDbg.lib C:\chilkat-9.5.0-x86-vc10\libs\ChilkatDbgDll.lib C:\chilkat-9.5.0-x86-vc10\libs\ChilkatRel.lib C:\chilkat-9.5.0-x86-vc10\libs\ChilkatRelDll.lib C:\chilkat-9.5.0-x86-vc10\libs\ChilkatDbg.lib C:\chilkat-9.5.0-x86-vc10\libs\ChilkatDbgDll.lib C:\chilkat-9.5.0-x86-vc10\libs\ChilkatRel.lib C:\chilkat-9.5.0-x86-vc10\libs\ChilkatRelDll.lib C:\chilkat-9.5.0-mingw32\libchilkat-9.5.0.a
C:\chilkat-9.5.0-mingw32\libchilkat-9.5.0.a(CkMailMan.o):CkMailMan.cpp:(.text+0x51): undefined reference to `_Unwind_Resume'
C:\chilkat-9.5.0-mingw32\libchilkat-9.5.0.a(CkMailMan.o):CkMailMan.cpp:(.text+0x14a): undefined reference to `_Unwind_Resume'
C:\chilkat-9.5.0-mingw32\libchilkat-9.5.0.a(CkMailMan.o):CkMailMan.cpp:(.text+0x395): undefined reference to `_Unwind_Resume'
C:\chilkat-9.5.0-mingw32\libchilkat-9.5.0.a(CkMailMan.o):CkMailMan.cpp:(.text+0x4cf): undefined reference to `_Unwind_Resume'
C:\chilkat-9.5.0-mingw32\libchilkat-9.5.0.a(CkMailMan.o):CkMailMan.cpp:(.text+0x5d7): undefined reference to `_Unwind_Resume'
C:\chilkat-9.5.0-mingw32\libchilkat-9.5.0.a(CkMailMan.o):CkMailMan.cpp:(.text+0x6df): more undefined references to `_Unwind_Resume' follow
C:\chilkat-9.5.0-mingw32\libchilkat-9.5.0.a(CkMailMan.o):CkMailMan.cpp:(.eh_frame+0x13): undefined reference to `__gxx_personality_v0'
C:\chilkat-9.5.0-mingw32\libchilkat-9.5.0.a(ClsBase.o):ClsBase.cpp:(.text+0x15a): undefined reference to `_Unwind_Resume'
C:\chilkat-9.5.0-mingw32\libchilkat-9.5.0.a(ClsBase.o):ClsBase.cpp:(.text+0x247): undefined reference to `_Unwind_Resume'
C:\chilkat-9.5.0-mingw32\libchilkat-9.5.0.a(ClsBase.o):ClsBase.cpp:(.text+0x30b): undefined reference to `_Unwind_Resume'
C:\chilkat-9.5.0-mingw32\libchilkat-9.5.0.a(ClsBase.o):ClsBase.cpp:(.text+0x35b): undefined reference to `_Unwind_Resume'
C:\chilkat-9.5.0-mingw32\libchilkat-9.5.0.a(ClsBase.o):ClsBase.cpp:(.text+0x805): undefined reference to `_Unwind_Resume'
C:\chilkat-9.5.0-mingw32\libchilkat-9.5.0.a(ClsBase.o):ClsBase.cpp:(.text+0x9c8): more undefined references to `_Unwind_Resume' follow
C:\chilkat-9.5.0-mingw32\libchilkat-9.5.0.a(ClsBase.o):ClsBase.cpp:(.eh_frame+0x173): undefined reference to `__gxx_personality_v0'
C:\chilkat-9.5.0-mingw32\libchilkat-9.5.0.a(CkMultiByteBase.o):CkMultiByteBase.cpp:(.text+0x6a): undefined reference to `_Unwind_Resume'
C:\chilkat-9.5.0-mingw32\libchilkat-9.5.0.a(CkMultiByteBase.o):CkMultiByteBase.cpp:(.text+0x522): undefined reference to `_Unwind_Resume'
C:\chilkat-9.5.0-mingw32\libchilkat-9.5.0.a(CkMultiByteBase.o):CkMultiByteBase.cpp:(.text+0x666): undefined reference to `_Unwind_Resume'
C:\chilkat-9.5.0-mingw32\libchilkat-9.5.0.a(CkMultiByteBase.o):CkMultiByteBase.cpp:(.eh_frame+0x13): undefined reference to `__gxx_personality_v0'
C:\chilkat-9.5.0-mingw32\libchilkat-9.5.0.a(ClsMailMan.o):ClsMailMan.cpp:(.text+0xa5): undefined reference to `_Unwind_Resume'
C:\chilkat-9.5.0-mingw32\libchilkat-9.5.0.a(ClsMailMan.o):ClsMailMan.cpp:(.text+0x151): undefined reference to `_Unwind_Resume'
C:\chilkat-9.5.0-mingw32\libchilkat-9.5.0.a(ClsMailMan.o):ClsMailMan.cpp:(.text+0x3fd): undefined reference to `_Unwind_Resume'
C:\chilkat-9.5.0-mingw32\libchilkat-9.5.0.a(ClsMailMan.o):ClsMailMan.cpp:(.text+0x587): undefined reference to `_Unwind_Resume'
C:\chilkat-9.5.0-mingw32\libchilkat-9.5.0.a(ClsMailMan.o):ClsMailMan.cpp:(.text+0x8af): undefined reference to `_Unwind_Resume'
C:\chilkat-9.5.0-mingw32\libchilkat-9.5.0.a(ClsMailMan.o):ClsMailMan.cpp:(.text+0xbd3): more undefined references to `_Unwind_Resume' follow
C:\chilkat-9.5.0-mingw32\libchilkat-9.5.0.a(ClsMailMan.o):ClsMailMan.cpp:(.eh_frame+0x3f): undefined reference to `__gxx_personality_v0'
C:\chilkat-9.5.0-mingw32\libchilkat-9.5.0.a(_clsTcp.o):_clsTcp.cpp:(.text+0x117): undefined reference to `_Unwind_Resume'
C:\chilkat-9.5.0-mingw32\libchilkat-9.5.0.a(_clsTcp.o):_clsTcp.cpp:(.text+0x253): undefined reference to `_Unwind_Resume'
C:\chilkat-9.5.0-mingw32\libchilkat-9.5.0.a(_clsTcp.o):_clsTcp.cpp:(.text+0x3bf): undefined reference to `_Unwind_Resume'
C:\chilkat-9.5.0-mingw32\libchilkat-9.5.0.a(_clsTcp.o):_clsTcp.cpp:(.text+0x5ff): undefined reference to `_Unwind_Resume'
C:\chilkat-9.5.0-mingw32\libchilkat-9.5.0.a(_clsTcp.o):_clsTcp.cpp:(.text+0x806): undefined reference to `_Unwind_Resume'
C:\chilkat-9.5.0-mingw32\libchilkat-9.5.0.a(_clsTcp.o):_clsTcp.cpp:(.text+0x88b): more undefined references to `_Unwind_Resume' follow
C:\chilkat-9.5.0-mingw32\libchilkat-9.5.0.a(_clsTcp.o):_clsTcp.cpp:(.eh_frame+0xcb): undefined reference to `__gxx_personality_v0'
C:\chilkat-9.5.0-mingw32\libchilkat-9.5.0.a(CkString.o):CkString.cpp:(.text+0x5b): undefined reference to `_Unwind_Resume'
C:\chilkat-9.5.0-mingw32\libchilkat-9.5.0.a(CkString.o):CkString.cpp:(.text+0xd6): undefined reference to `_Unwind_Resume'
C:\chilkat-9.5.0-mingw32\libchilkat-9.5.0.a(CkString.o):CkString.cpp:(.text+0x142): undefined reference to `_Unwind_Resume'
C:\chilkat-9.5.0-mingw32\libchilkat-9.5.0.a(CkString.o):CkString.cpp:(.text+0x3dd): undefined reference to `_Unwind_Resume'
C:\chilkat-9.5.0-mingw32\libchilkat-9.5.0.a(CkString.o):CkString.cpp:(.text+0x451): undefined reference to `_Unwind_Resume'
C:\chilkat-9.5.0-mingw32\libchilkat-9.5.0.a(CkString.o):CkString.cpp:(.text+0x4e2): more undefined references to `_Unwind_Resume' follow
C:\chilkat-9.5.0-mingw32\libchilkat-9.5.0.a(CkString.o):CkString.cpp:(.eh_frame+0x13): undefined reference to `__gxx_personality_v0'
C:\chilkat-9.5.0-mingw32\libchilkat-9.5.0.a(XString.o):XString.cpp:(.text+0xd3): undefined reference to `_Unwind_Resume'
C:\chilkat-9.5.0-mingw32\libchilkat-9.5.0.a(XString.o):XString.cpp:(.text+0x163): undefined reference to `_Unwind_Resume'
C:\chilkat-9.5.0-mingw32\libchilkat-9.5.0.a(XString.o):XString.cpp:(.text+0x21b): undefined reference to `_Unwind_Resume'
C:\chilkat-9.5.0-mingw32\libchilkat-9.5.0.a(XString.o):XString.cpp:(.text+0x862): undefined reference to `_Unwind_Resume'
C:\chilkat-9.5.0-mingw32\libchilkat-9.5.0.a(XString.o):XString.cpp:(.text+0xfd9): undefined reference to `_Unwind_Resume'
C:\chilkat-9.5.0-mingw32\libchilkat-9.5.0.a(XString.o):XString.cpp:(.text+0xff3): more undefined references to `_Unwind_Resume' follow
C:\chilkat-9.5.0-mingw32\libchilkat-9.5.0.a(XString.o):XString.cpp:(.eh_frame+0x13): undefined reference to `__gxx_personality_v0'
C:\chilkat-9.5.0-mingw32\libchilkat-9.5.0.a(ClsHttpProxyClient.o):ClsHttpProxyClient.cpp:(.text+0xaf): undefined reference to `_Unwind_Resume'
C:\chilkat-9.5.0-mingw32\libchilkat-9.5.0.a(ClsHttpProxyClient.o):ClsHttpProxyClient.cpp:(.text+0x15f): undefined reference to `_Unwind_Resume'
C:\chilkat-9.5.0-mingw32\libchilkat-9.5.0.a(ClsHttpProxyClient.o):ClsHttpProxyClient.cpp:(.text+0x482): undefined reference to `_Unwind_Resume'
C:\chilkat-9.5.0-mingw32\libchilkat-9.5.0.a(ClsHttpProxyClient.o):ClsHttpProxyClient.cpp:(.text+0x733): undefined reference to `_Unwind_Resume'
Process terminated with status 1 (0 minutes, 10 seconds)
50 errors, 0 warnings (0 minutes, 10 seconds)
Turns out I needed to switch to the visual Studio C++ compiler and download the library in that compiler's format. I was right about not being able to use '.a' extension libraries.
I just recently built and installed the hsa branch of gcc according to the associated wiki. Everything went relatively well until I got around to making the samples, vectorCopy and matrixMultiply. Here is the error output I got for matrixMultiply when running the make command (again, following the recommendations of the wiki):
/hsailgcc/lib64/libgomp.so: undefined reference to `hsa_region_get_info'
/hsailgcc/lib64/libgomp.so: undefined reference to `hsa_init'
/hsailgcc/lib64/libgomp.so: undefined reference to `hsa_signal_create'
/hsailgcc/lib64/libgomp.so: undefined reference to `hsa_agent_iterate_regions'
/hsailgcc/lib64/libgomp.so: undefined reference to `hsa_ext_program_create'
/hsailgcc/lib64/libgomp.so: undefined reference to `hsa_signal_store_relaxed'
/hsailgcc/lib64/libgomp.so: undefined reference to `hsa_executable_get_symbol'
/hsailgcc/lib64/libgomp.so: undefined reference to `hsa_ext_program_add_module'
/hsailgcc/lib64/libgomp.so: undefined reference to `hsa_signal_wait_acquire'
/hsailgcc/lib64/libgomp.so: undefined reference to `hsa_ext_program_destroy'
/hsailgcc/lib64/libgomp.so: undefined reference to `hsa_memory_allocate'
/hsailgcc/lib64/libgomp.so: undefined reference to `hsa_status_string'
/hsailgcc/lib64/libgomp.so: undefined reference to `hsa_iterate_agents'
/hsailgcc/lib64/libgomp.so: undefined reference to `hsa_ext_program_finalize'
/hsailgcc/lib64/libgomp.so: undefined reference to `hsa_executable_create'
/hsailgcc/lib64/libgomp.so: undefined reference to `hsa_agent_get_info'
/hsailgcc/lib64/libgomp.so: undefined reference to `hsa_queue_create'
/hsailgcc/lib64/libgomp.so: undefined reference to `hsa_executable_freeze'
/hsailgcc/lib64/libgomp.so: undefined reference to `hsa_queue_add_write_index_relaxed'
/hsailgcc/lib64/libgomp.so: undefined reference to `hsa_executable_symbol_get_info'
/hsailgcc/lib64/libgomp.so: undefined reference to `hsa_executable_load_code_object'
I am using Lubuntu 15.04 with the standard kernel (3.19). I am using slightly old driver and runtime components that correspond to HSA 1.0 Provisional rather than 1.0 Final, since Okra (which is needed for HSA-OpenMP-GCC) is not yet up-to-date and can not be used with the latest drivers and firmware. I have "sanity checked" the runtime and Okra, and both tests (vector_copy and Squares, respectively) function properly. I am also able to use aparapi-lambda successfully with the same setup.
The hardware is an A10-7700k on an Asus A88x-Pro motherboard with 16Gb of RAM.
So, does anyone know why I am getting these errors? I am under the suspicion that the GCC hsa branch has been updated to follow the 1.0 Final specification which is not yet compatible with Okra, which would prevent anyone from actually being able to use the compiler until someone finally updates Okra. But, I can't be too sure about that.
edit: Here is the new makefile:
GCCHSAIL=$(GCC_HSA)/bin/gcc
LDFLAGS=-lhsa-runtime64 -lhsa-runtime-ext64 -lhsakmt -L $(GCC_HSA)/lib64 -L ~/HSA-Runtime-AMD-master/lib -L opt/hsa/lib -L ~/libhsakmt/build/lnx64a -Wl,-rpath,$(GCC_HSA)/lib64
CFLAGS=-lm -fopenmp -Wall -O3
all : matmul
clean :
rm -rf *.o matmul test.output
# GCC Specifics
matmul.o : matmul.c
$(GCCHSAIL) -c $(CFLAGS) $<
matmul : matmul.o
$(GCCHSAIL) matmul.o $(CFLAGS) -o $# $(LDFLAGS)
The old makefile had no switches making reference to required .so files. With the new makefile, now I get the following errors:
/hsailgcc/lib64/libgomp.so: undefined reference to `hsa_ext_program_add_module'
/hsailgcc/lib64/libgomp.so: undefined reference to `hsa_executable_symbol_get_info'
/hsailgcc/lib64/libgomp.so: undefined reference to `hsa_executable_load_code_object'
/hsailgcc/lib64/libgomp.so: undefined reference to `hsa_executable_freeze'
/hsailgcc/lib64/libgomp.so: undefined reference to `hsa_executable_create'
/hsailgcc/lib64/libgomp.so: undefined reference to `hsa_executable_get_symbol'
/hsailgcc/lib64/libgomp.so: undefined reference to `hsa_ext_program_finalize'
There are fewer errors now, though, for whatever reason, 7 of them persist.
edit edit: Problem solved. The GCC hsa branch has moved on to support HSA 1.0F and no longer depends on Okra. That means that the old driver components and old runtime I used to maintain Okra compatibility are incompatible with the present build of GCC hsa. That should be simple enough to fix. Thanks for all the help with compiler switches.
My apologies if this is a duplicate question. I have inherited a project that contains ZipRuby as one of the required Gems. My local development environment is Windows 7. My ruby is 1.9.3p194. I have Rails 3.2.6. I have installed the RubyDevKit version 452.
All the other necessary gems either install or natively complile with no errors on Windows 7 but the ZipRuby gem. I have never built a gem from scratch. The gem starts to compile and gets the following errors.
`enter code here` linking shared-object zipruby.so
tmpfile.o: In function `zipruby_tmpnam':
C:\Ruby193\lib\ruby\gems\1.9.1\gems\zipruby-0.3.6\ext/tmpfile.c:56: undefined reference to `strcpy_s'
C:\Ruby193\lib\ruby\gems\1.9.1\gems\zipruby-0.3.6\ext/tmpfile.c:62: undefined reference to `_sopen_s'
zipruby_archive.o: In function `zipruby_archive_read':
C:\Ruby193\lib\ruby\gems\1.9.1\gems\zipruby-0.3.6\ext/zipruby_archive.c:1447: undefined reference to `fopen_s'
C:\Ruby193\lib\ruby\gems\1.9.1\gems\zipruby-0.3.6\ext/zipruby_archive.c:1471: undefined reference to `_fclose_nolock'
zip_close.o: In function `add_data':
C:\Ruby193\lib\ruby\gems\1.9.1\gems\zipruby-0.3.6\ext/zip_close.c:293: undefined reference to `ftello'
C:\Ruby193\lib\ruby\gems\1.9.1\gems\zipruby-0.3.6\ext/zip_close.c:312: undefined reference to `ftello'
C:\Ruby193\lib\ruby\gems\1.9.1\gems\zipruby-0.3.6\ext/zip_close.c:314: undefined reference to `fseeko'
C:\Ruby193\lib\ruby\gems\1.9.1\gems\zipruby-0.3.6\ext/zip_close.c:328: undefined reference to `fseeko'
zip_close.o: In function `zip_close':
C:\Ruby193\lib\ruby\gems\1.9.1\gems\zipruby-0.3.6\ext/zip_close.c:188: undefined reference to `ftello'
C:\Ruby193\lib\ruby\gems\1.9.1\gems\zipruby-0.3.6\ext/zip_close.c:153: undefined reference to `fseeko'
zip_crypt.o: In function `zip_crypt':
C:\Ruby193\lib\ruby\gems\1.9.1\gems\zipruby-0.3.6\ext/zip_crypt.c:293: undefined reference to `ftello'
C:\Ruby193\lib\ruby\gems\1.9.1\gems\zipruby-0.3.6\ext/zip_crypt.c:265: undefined reference to `fseeko'
zip_dirent.o: In function `zip_cdir_write':
C:\Ruby193\lib\ruby\gems\1.9.1\gems\zipruby-0.3.6\ext/zip_dirent.c:109: undefined reference to `ftello'
C:\Ruby193\lib\ruby\gems\1.9.1\gems\zipruby-0.3.6\ext/zip_dirent.c:116: undefined reference to `ftello'
zip_file_get_offset.o: In function `zip_file_get_offset':
C:\Ruby193\lib\ruby\gems\1.9.1\gems\zipruby-0.3.6\ext/zip_file_get_offset.c:64: undefined reference to `fseeko'
zip_fopen_index.o: In function `zip_file_fillbuf':
C:\Ruby193\lib\ruby\gems\1.9.1\gems\zipruby-0.3.6\ext/zip_fopen_index.c:155: undefined reference to `fseeko'
C:\Ruby193\lib\ruby\gems\1.9.1\gems\zipruby-0.3.6\ext/zip_fopen_index.c:155: undefined reference to `fseeko'
zip_open.o: In function `zip_checkcons':
C:\Ruby193\lib\ruby\gems\1.9.1\gems\zipruby-0.3.6\ext/zip_open.c:282: undefined reference to `fseeko'
zip_open.o: In function `zip_open':
C:\Ruby193\lib\ruby\gems\1.9.1\gems\zipruby-0.3.6\ext/zip_open.c:84: undefined reference to `fseeko'
C:\Ruby193\lib\ruby\gems\1.9.1\gems\zipruby-0.3.6\ext/zip_open.c:85: undefined reference to `ftello'
zip_open.o: In function `zip_find_central_dir':
C:\Ruby193\lib\ruby\gems\1.9.1\gems\zipruby-0.3.6\ext/zip_open.c:436: undefined reference to `fseeko'
zip_open.o: In function `zip_readcdir':
C:\Ruby193\lib\ruby\gems\1.9.1\gems\zipruby-0.3.6\ext/zip_open.c:217: undefined reference to `fseeko'
C:\Ruby193\lib\ruby\gems\1.9.1\gems\zipruby-0.3.6\ext/zip_open.c:220: undefined reference to `ftello'
zip_source_filep.o: In function `read_file':
C:\Ruby193\lib\ruby\gems\1.9.1\gems\zipruby-0.3.6\ext/zip_source_filep.c:105: undefined reference to `fseeko'
collect2: ld returned 1 exit status make: *** [zipruby.so] Error 1
It is clear that references to one or more library files are not being resolved. I am not sure where to go with this next. Has anyone been successful in using zipruby with a mingw installation of ruby on Windows 7?
Some additional information I missed above. To get this far, I had to install the windows development version of GnuWin32. So the build command for the gem is: Gem install ZipRuby -- --with-opt-dir=Path.to.GnuWin32.folder. This folder must have a lib and bin folder in it with source code. I will update the question more if I learn more and post a solution if I figure out anything before I get an answer from anywhere else.
try gem install zipruby --version "= 0.3.6" --platform=mswin32
It worked for me.
Instructions in the blinky.zip, gcc-section, Teensy++ v.2. Makefile and blinky.c are in the zip. I modified the blinky.c by defining F_CPU at the start because not using Makefile, please, see below. So why do I get the errs and how can I compile the C-files for at90usb1286 chip?
$ avr-gcc -mmcu=atmega88 blinky.c
In file included from blinky.c:28:
/usr/local/lib/gcc/avr/4.2.2/../../../../avr/include/util/delay.h:90:3: warning: #warning "Compiler optimizations disabled; functions from <util/delay.h> won't work as designed"
/tmp//ccB66ecl.o: In function `main':
blinky.c:(.text+0x3e): undefined reference to `usb_init'
/tmp//ccB66ecl.o: In function `morse_character':
blinky.c:(.text+0x24c): undefined reference to `print_P'
blinky.c:(.text+0x36e): undefined reference to `print_P'
blinky.c:(.text+0x378): undefined reference to `usb_debug_putchar'
blinky.c:(.text+0x37e): undefined reference to `print_P'
blinky.c:(.text+0x386): undefined reference to `print_P'
blinky.c:(.text+0x390): undefined reference to `usb_debug_putchar'
blinky.c:(.text+0x394): undefined reference to `usb_debug_putchar'
blinky.c:(.text+0x416): undefined reference to `print_P'
blinky.c:(.text+0x4fa): undefined reference to `print_P'
blinky.c:(.text+0x6f8): undefined reference to `print_P'
/tmp//ccB66ecl.o: In function `morse_P':
blinky.c:(.text+0x834): undefined reference to `print_P'
Those are link errors. You could do a compile only (notice that I added the -c flag):
avr-gcc -c -mmcu=atmega88 blinky.c
You would then have to link that with your other objects to create a binary.
Alternately, you could provide all the source files in a single command line and the compiler will compile and link them:
avr-gcc -mmcu=atmega88 blinky.c print.c usb_debug_only.c