What is currently considered the best way to clear CSS floated elements that will:
Keep the HTML markup as semantic and free of unnecessary elements as possible, and
Be a cross-browser, cross-platform solution that works reliably for the majority of browsers?
This isn't a graphic design question. It's a CSS one, so belongs on StackOverflow.
That said, the answer for keeping the HTML clean is simply to give the parent an overflow. So if your markup is:
<div class="wrapper">
<div style="float: left;"></div>
<div style="float: left;"></div>
</div>
you can give wrapper an overflow:
.wrapper {overflow: auto}
And now .wrapper will contain both the floats.
That's usually all that is needed.
Sometimes, in older IEs, the container also needs a width.
You can make this more complicated, but a simple way is to add a class to your CSS called .clearfix with this attribute:
.clearfix {clear: both;}
Then just insert a tag underneath what you want to clear.
Google clearfix for more modern ways to define the tag.
The best method I've seen for this is using :before & :after pseudo elements for modern browsers and zoom: 1 for older versions of IE.
/* For modern browsers */
.cf:before,
.cf:after {
content:"";
display:table;
}
.cf:after {
clear:both;
}
/* For IE 6/7 (trigger hasLayout) */
.cf {
zoom:1;
}
More info here:
http://nicolasgallagher.com/micro-clearfix-hack/
a little tricky, but it's work for modern browser :)
.wrapper::after {
content:"";
clear:both;
}
Related
i actually really like this approach that is big img background, but i want it to be fluid with windows's height as well (before we scroll down to other section or div), so before reaching mobile screen, its height can always stretch and fill the whole browser screen while logo & content inside is always in the middle
i like this site, http://peterfinlan.com/, i emailed to enquire but never get any response about how to make it, i try to follow its css, but i just couldnt make my header as its, i dont really see any other flexbox css other than div.hero-content, and yes i am new to flexbox, does it have javascript or what?
can you help me?
To make a div fill the site using flex box, you need to do the following:
<body>
<div id="mainWrapper">
<div id="headerWrapper">
<!-- HEADER CONTENT HERE -->
</div>
</div>
</body>
with the following CSS
html, body {
margin: 0;
padding: 0;
height: 100%;
}
#mainWrapper {
display: flex;
flex-direction: column;
min-height: 100%;
}
#headerWrapper {
flex: 1;
}
See an example in action here.
In this particular context, however, you don't necessarily need a flexbox as #mainWrapper already stretches over the complete site.
While flexbox is nice, don't force its usage just because it's new. Getting rid of flexbox and #headerWrapper wouldn't do any harm here.
Please note that I did not include any vendor prefixes here, so it may not work in all browsers as is. I recommend you use a tool like autoprefixer before you deploy your CSS.
The assumption behind this question is that the designer is using proportional queries in a Responsive Web Design and going from 1-column on a smartphone to 2 and 3-column on the displays where they will comfortably fit.
A content widget jQuery plugin (like a Recent Updates widget) should change it's character in the different layouts. In 1-column layout it might need to be 4 small text links and in 2 or 3-column layouts it can include thumbnails and extra text.
For reference, here's the code as the end-user of the content widget would see it.
HTML:
<section id="sidebar">
<section id="latestupdates"></section>
</section>
JS:
(function($){
$(function(){
$("#latestupdates").widgetco_latestupdates();
});
})(jQuery);
I think the best way to hook into the designers layout changes is this. Ask for the breakpoints as parameters for widgetco_latestupdates during initialization and use the resize events to toggle css classes.
Is this even the right method? What are the pitfalls with doing this?
UPDATE:
Since asking, I have found enquire.js which will handle running the queries. That still leaves the question of this being the right method.
If you are careful with the classes you assign to the content, you can likely control everythinhg with standard CSS.
For example, say your desktop output was something like
<article>
<h1> Update heading </h1>
<img src="..">
<p class="intro"> Intro text ... </p>
<p class="full-text"> Full text here </p>
read more
</article>
Then in your CSS you manage what content to show on which devices with
#media screen and (max-width: 480px){
/* for smartphones */
article img, p.intro{
display:none;
}
}
#media screen and (min-width: 481px) and (max-width: 800px){
/* for tablets */
p.full-text{
display:none;
}
}
I think if you can use CSS to manage the different layouts it will be more flexible and easier to update going forward.
Good luck!
EDIT
If you are thinking about ajax to add / remove content based on the visitor's viewport, here are two interesting links:
http://filamentgroup.com/lab/ajax_includes_modular_content/
Project on Github
In all my pages my content fit to the body:
But where i have forms they go over the footer and body don't resize:
Where is the problem?
Your form probably contains a lot of floated elements, so you might want add this to your <form> CSS:
form {
...
overflow: hidden;
}
I have experienced something similar this week.
Try using
<div style="clear:both"/>
to encapsulate your content within your page.
<div id="mainDiv">
content
<div style="clear:both"/>
</div>
the issue is clearly with floated elements in the form. You can fix it using the micro clearfix by Nicolas Gallagher, currently the "best practice" for the issue
http://nicolasgallagher.com/micro-clearfix-hack/
Don't use overflow: hidden; as it might give you trouble if you want any element to overflow the form. (eg. select).
Also, tables are not a good idea for the layout, and empty divs to clear are not necessary.
I am trying to mask an element that has some images inside of it, using only css.
i have done this and it works fine in webkit using -webkit-mask-box-image and its doing just what i want, but im having trouble using other browsers.
gecko is supposed to work using mask, and that tag does show up in firebug, but it doesnt actually use the mask.. i've also tried converting the png im using to base64 data uri, but to no avail.
example: http://jsfiddle.net/nNLta/
does anyone know the correct way for doing this?
HTML
<div id='wrap'>
<div class='masked flashing-anim'>
<div class='the-mask' >
<ul>
<li class='blink_1'></li>
<li class='blink_2'></li>
</ul>
</div>
</div>
<div class='the-outline'>
<img src='img/real-stuff.png' height=500 />
</div>
</div>
CSS
#wrap {
position: relative;
}
.the-outline, the-mask {
position: absolute;
top: 0;
}
.the-mask {
height: 500px;
width: 360px;
-webkit-mask-box-image: url(../img/the-mask.png);
-moz-mask-box-image: url(../img/the-mask.png);
-o-mask-box-image: url(../img/the-mask.png);
mask-box-image: url(../img/the-mask.png);
mask: url(data:lotsofchars);
}
example: http://jsfiddle.net/nNLta/
Part 1
mask is not the same as mask-box-image unfortunately. If you read the (rather sparse) docs you will see it is applicable to SVG only. More on this later.
Currently Gecko doesn't support 'mask-box-image' - if you search the MDN you'll see it applies to -webkit- only.
Additionally I don't think this is actually spec. Webkit has had this capability/concept for ages (in various forms like -webkit-box-reflect) and I think that it's just a hangover from those days. I'm not sure whether this will even be adopted by all browser vendors (although I hope, and it makes sense that, it will).
Part 2
To use the svg dependant mask: css property you need to create an SVG element and reference that. Here is a guide. I've not used this technique before so I'm afraid that's all the detail I'm going to go into right now.
An alternate option
If you don't need a clever repeating/growing mask why not create a large png and overlay the text/image you wish to hide. I'm not sure I understand what you are ultimately trying to do but this seems pretty simple to me. The obvious issue is when you need the stuff behind the mask to be selectable/interactable (err..interactive that is...); for instance when you wish to apply masking to text or links. A way around this is to use pointer-events:none which is supported in Gecko and Webkit (but nothing else...). Here's more from the MDN
Sorry I don't have better news - if none of the above is helpful please feel free to leave a comment with your specific requirement and we'll see if we can't work around the browser limitations.
Hope this is helpful!
I have problem with tooltips on my magento website, I need to have one tooltip on product page which will show a HTML UL List. I tried some plugins I found but had problems with JQuery as it was disabling other prototype pop up I have on product page.
Im really a newbie at All the types of javascript and hope you experts can help me with this please.
My trigger id for tooltips is #why-to-buy
and the tooltip class in CSS is .why-to-buy-tooltip
can anyone suggest me a prototype or scriptaculous driven simple tooltip which can show HTML please?
Any help is more than welcome.
Thanks in advance.
Typically this can be done in just CSS. To start with there needs to be an anchor;
<a id="why-to-buy" href="#" onclick="return false;">
Why To Buy?
<ul class="why-to-buy-tooltip">
<li>Reason #1</li>
<li>Reason #2</li>
</ul>
</a>
The onclick is to prevent it working as a hyperlink. An anchor is necessary for older IEs to respect the following hover;
#why-to-buy {
position: relative;
}
#why-to-buy .why-to-buy-tooltip {
display: none;
position: absolute;
width: 200px;
height: 200px;
z-index: 100;
}
#why-to-buy:hover .why-to-buy-tooltip, #why-to-buy:active .why-to-buy-tooltip {
display: block;
}
If you need more info search for and read about "CSS popups". A nice touch is to add some CSS3 transitions - old browsers just ignore them and continue to work as normal.
This type of popup is limited because it is inside an anchor, and anchors cannot contain anchors. If the #why-to-buy element is of another type, such as a DIV, then IE doesn't pick up the :hover pseudoclass. For this special case a bit of JavaScript is needed after all.
$('why-to-buy').observe('mouseenter', function() {
this.addClassName('over');
}).observe('mouseleave', function() {
this.removeClassName('over');
});
Update the last stylesheet rule to include #why-to-buy.over .why-to-buy-tooltip. The bit of JavaScript is rarely needed and can go in /skin/frontend/base/default/js/ie6.js. Or you could encourage browser upgrades and choose not to support old IE at all.
A quick Google searched returned this one, and shows to support HTML:
http://www.nickstakenburg.com/projects/prototip/
It's prototype based so should work well with Magento.