I am studying web2py. I read example open source code. In one application (storpy), the programmer uses T.lazy repeatedly inside the models file db.py such as this:
...
Field('comment', 'text'),
Field('cover', 'upload', autodelete=True))
T.lazy = False
db.dvds.title.requires = [IS_NOT_EMPTY(error_message=T('Missing data') + '!'), IS_NOT_IN_DB(db, 'dvds.title', error_message=T('Already in the database') + '!')]
...
T.lazy = True
Why does the programmer set T.lazy first to False then to True?
By default, T() is lazy -- when you call it, it doesn't actually do the translation but instead returns a lazyT object, which isn't translated until serialized in a view. If you set T.lazy=False, that will force immediate translation, so calling T('some string') will return the actual translated string instead of a lazyT object.
Note, starting with the upcoming release, instead of having to toggle T.lazy to False and True, you will be able to do T('some string', lazy=False) to force an immediate translation for a single call. Other ways to force immediate translation are str(T('some string')) or T('some string').xml() -- str() serializes the lazyT object (and .xml() simply calls str()).
Related
I know that with Descriptive programming you can do something like this:
Browser("StackOverflow").Page("StackOverflow").Link("text:=Go To Next Page ", "html tag:=A").Click
But is it possible to create some kind of string so I can assign more than one data value and pass it as single variable? I've tried many combinations using escape characters and I always get error.
For example in the case above, let's say I have more properties in the Page object, so I'd normally have to do something like this:
Browser("StackOverflow").Page("name:=StackOverflow", "html id:=PageID")...etc...
But I'd like to pass "name:=StackOverflow", "html id:=PageID" as a single variable, so when writing many objects I'd only have to write:
Browser(BrowserString).Page(PageString).WebEdit("name:=asdfgh")
And the first part would remain static, so if the parents' data needs to be modified I'd only have to modify two variables and not all the objects created in all libraries.
Is it possible?
If I was not clear enough please let me know.
Thank you in advance!
I think what you're looking for is UFT's Description object
This allows you finer grained control on the description since in descriptive programming all values are regular expressions but with Description you can turn the regular expression functionality off for a specific property.
Set desc = Description.Create()
desc("html tag").Value = "A"
desc("innertext").Value = "More information..."
desc("innertext").RegularExpression = False
Browser("Example Domain").Navigate "www.example.com"
Browser("Example Domain").Page("Example Domain").WebElement(desc).Click
If you want to represent this with plain string then it's a bit more of a problem, you can write a helper function but I'm not sure I would recommend it.
Function Desc(descString)
Set ret = Description.Create()
values = Split(descString, "::")
For Each value In values
keyVal = Split(value, ":=")
ret(keyVal(0)).Value = keyVal(1)
Next
Set Desc = ret
End Function
' Usage
Browser("StackOverflow").Page("StackOverflow").WebElement(Desc("html tag:=H2::innertext:=some text")).Click
Further reading about descriptive programming.
As an alternative to Motti's excellent answer, you could also Set a variable to match your initial descriptive object and then extend it as required:
Set myPage = Browser("StackOverflow").Page("name:=StackOverflow", "html id:=PageID")
after which you can then use
myPage.WebEdit("name:=asdfgh")
throughout the rest of the code, so long as the myPage object stays in scope...
I'm working with HP UFT. This tool use VBScript to automatics test.
Is it possible to create new method in function library.
I mean something like this.
Browser("Browser").Page("Page").WebEdit("login").MyMethod()
How can I do that?
Go to the Design menu, and select Function Definition Generator...
You'll get the following UI
Basically this is a helper for RegisterUserFunc.
By selecting the Register to a test object check-box (and which type of test object) the function you add will be available as a regular test object function.
Note that you can override an existing function, for example you can change Set to see if the value is "~today~" add today's date.
Adding User Defined Functions is actually pretty easy: define the function, decide on the object type you wish to add the function to, and use RegisterUserFunc to put it all together:
Function BrokenImage(ImageObject)
BrokenImage = True
ImageObject.WaitProperty "visible", True, 1000
ImageLoaded = False
StartTime = Now()
Do
If ImageObject.Object.naturalHeight > 0 And ImageObject.Object.naturalHeight > 0 Then
BrokenImage = False
Exit Do
End If
If DateDiff("s", StartTime, Now()) > 10 Then Exit Do
Loop While ImageLoaded = False
End Function
RegisterUserFunc "Image", "BrokenImage", "BrokenImage"
Once you've got the function defined, you call it as you would any other object method:
If Browser().Page().Image().ImageBroken() = true Then Print "Broken Image"
You can also add additional parameters which will then be passed to the new method.
I was trying to run below script, but it's giving me an error that says:
object doesn't support this property or method: "dbrowser.GetRoProperty"
SystemUtil.Run "iexplore.exe","http://usps.com/"
Set dbrowser = description.Create
dbrowser ("micclass").value = "Browser"
dbrowser("openurl").value = "https://www.usps.com"
dbrowser("title").value = "USPS - The United States Postal Service (U.S. Postal Service)"
print(dbrowser.getroproperty("title"))
Your dbrowser object is of type Description not Browser you need to create a Browser object based on this description. Replace the last line with:
Print Browser(dbrowser).GetROProperty("title")
Note, there are two changes here
Using Browser(dbrowser)
Removing the parens from the print sub.
Edit: also note that descriptions are regular expressions by default so the parens in the title may cause problems, you should mark it as not regex.
dbrowser("title").RegularExpression = False
Description.Create is used to create a 0-based Properties collection object. The variable dbrowser is preceded by the Set statement. Usage of Set statement binds an object as a reference to another object. Therefore, dbrowser becomes an object reference to the description object represented by Description.Create
A description object does not have a stand-alone use, but coupled with the ChildObjects method, it becomes an extremely powerful approach in dealing with AUT’s objects .For More Info, check link
So the code should be like
SystemUtil.Run "iexplore.exe","http://usps.com/"
wait(10)
Set dbrowser = description.Create
dbrowser ("micclass").value = "Browser"
dbrowser("openurl").value = "https://www.usps.com"
dbrowser("title").value = "USPS.*" ''Using Regular Expression here
Set colObject = Desktop.ChildObjects( dbrowser )
Print (colObject(0).GetROProperty("title"))
I have to modify a VB6 app and am repeatedly beating my head against a wall over control arrays.
I know that the event handler for the array includes its index value and I can set some variable there, but i should be able to directly access the selected radio button in an array of OptionButton. Currently I'm doing this
For i = 0 To optView.Count - 1
If optView.Item(i).value = True Then
currIndex = i
Exit For
End If
Next
Is this really my only option?
Yes, this is our only option. The control array object does not contain any selecting logic (which makes sense, as "selected" might mean different things for different controls). The only change I'd make is replacing the For with For Each.
Another way to do this that I have used. Write a function, and then call the function, passing in the control name, to return the index number. Then you can reuse this in the future especially, if you add it to a module (.bas).
Function f_GetOptionFromControlArray(opts As Object) As Integer
' From http://support.microsoft.com/KB/147673
' This function can be called like this:
' myVariable = f_GetOptionFromControlArray(optMyButtons) 'Control syntax OK
' myVariable = f_GetOptionFromControlArray(optMyButtons()) 'Array syntax OK
On Error GoTo GetOptionFail
Dim opt As OptionButton
For Each opt In opts
If opt.Value Then
f_GetOptionFromControlArray = opt.Index
Exit Function
End If
Next
GetOptionFail:
f_GetOptionFromControlArray = -1
End Function
In this example, do the nukes get launched because any changes that you make to buggy_logger get applied to the 'status' string - just like using a copy of a reference to an object -> when you make a change to the copy of the reference, the change gets applied to the underlying object -> that change is, in turn, reflected in any other references to the object. So, in other words, buggy_logger is an alias to the 'status' object without specifically using the alias keyword? Is that correct? So, in ruby, you just say
b = a
and then any changes you make to b afterwards are also reflected in a. Or is this only true because we're talking about Strings, which are mutable in Ruby?
# example-4.rb
status = "peace"
buggy_logger = status
print "Status: "
print buggy_logger << "\n" # <- This insertion is the bug.
def launch_nukes?(status)
unless status == 'peace'
return true
else
return false
end
end
print "Nukes Launched: #{launch_nukes?(status)}\n"
# => Status: peace
# => Nukes Launched: true
Yes, it is because strings are objects. Try
buggy_logger = status.dup
If you want a distinct object with the same initial value.
As for your question about alias I suspect you aren't correctly understanding how alias is used in ruby; it's used on methods, not objects, and isn't related to mutability.
Note also that the same semantics would have applied with any class; if status had been an array, a file, or anything else (provided it had mutable state suitable for use as a logger), you would have gotten analogous results.
One warning about dup though. If your object refers to other objects, the copy will also refer to the same objects. It's fine once you start thinking about it the right way, but tricky till then.