Set Magento block template in layout xml - magento

Having trouble setting a block template in Magento's layout xml. I'm attempting to set the template of a child block, not the entire page layout (almost all docs out there explain how to set template of the layout).
Background: I'm updating a layout handle in my custom action, using the <update /> tag in my module's layout xml.
Essentially, I want to reuse the layout and blocks of the built in product view action, but provide custom templates for a few blocks. (Not just overrides, these need to be brand new templates that are only triggered on my custom action and are themselves overrideable).
My layout html:
<?xml version="1.0"?>
<layout version="0.1.0">
<mymodule_product_index>
<update handle="catalog_product_view" />
<reference name="content">
<block type="catalog/product_view"
name="product.info" output="toHtml" template="mymodule/product.phtml" />
</reference>
<reference name="product.info.bundle">
<action method="setTemplate"><template>mymodule/customtemplate.phtml</template></action>
</reference>
</mymodule_product_index>
</layout>
The setTemplate on product.info.bundle never works; it doesn't seem to affect layout at all. I've tried wrapping the <reference> in other <reference> nodes from parent blocks with no effect. Is it possible to replace block templates in this way? I feel that my problem stems from the fact I'm using an <update />.
By the way, I know my layout xml is being loaded and there are no errors, the rest of the file is working fine, caching is disabled, have cleared cache anyway, etc.

Your approach is almost correct.
Two things:
1. Set a new template instead of instantiating a new block
Instead of just assigning a different template to the product.info block, you are creating a new instance with the same name, replacing the original instance, and then the new template is set on that. Instead use this:
<mymodule_product_index>
<update handle="catalog_product_view" />
<reference name="product.info">
<action method="setTemplate">
<template>mymodule/product.phtml</template>
</action>
</reference>
</mymodule_product_index>
That should take care of the product view template in a clean way.
2. Handle processing order
If you look at where the view block product.info.bundle for the bundled products is declared, you will see it happens in the bundle.xml file, in a layout update handle called <PRODUCT_TYPE_bundle>.
Your code is referencing the block from the <[route]_[controller]_[action]> layout handle, i.e. <mymodule_product_index>.
The thing to be aware of here is the processing order of layout handles.
Roughly it is:
<default>
<[route]_[controller]_[action]>
<custom_handles>
The <PRODUCT_TYPE_bundle> handle belongs to the third type of layout handles, which means it is processed after the <mymodule_product_index> handle.
In essence, you are referencing the block product.info.bundle before it has been declared.
To fix this you will need to use the <PRODUCT_TYPE_bundle> handle as well. Of course this will effect every bundled product display. Using layout XML only there is no clean way around that.
Here are a few suggestions how to solve that problem.
You could create a separate route in your module to show the bundled products, and then include the <PRODUCT_TYPE_bundle> handle using an update directive for that page, too.
In your custom action controller, you could add another layout update handle that is processed after <PRODUCT_TYPE_bundle>.
You could use an event observer to set the template on the product.info.bundle block if it is instantiated. One possibility would be the event controller_action_layout_generate_blocks_after.
You get the idea, there are many ways to work around this, but they require PHP.

Related

How to give reference to magento register blocks?

Let us consider i am working with registration form and i want to add new field in it say "Company". here I know all the process of creating module and add field in /customer/form/register.phtml file, but i want to do it in different way.
Here is my query, i want to do this with the help of xml file in which i create my new xml file and give reference to customer_form_register block with new .phtml file (without editing /customer/form/register.phtml) with all back end process of creating module same.
Problem
I now understand your question is asking if you can insert additional form fields on the customer register form without editing the customer/form/register.phtml template. Unfortunately, in Magento’s layout I don’t believe there is currently a way to create a reference to a block inside of another reference except from within the same. So, while there is not a very clean way to do this using only layout XML, there is one way you could accomplish it...
A Possible Solution
In order to insert a new child block into the customer_form_register block, we need to override the layout definition for that block. That is not ideal because you replace any other definitions of that block, so you need to be careful to incorporate any other necessary layout updates into your new one as well. One to consider is that this block gets redefined in captcha.xml, so if you need that functionality you need to add in those updates to your new definition as well.
We will then be inserting a new block, customer.form.register.newsletter. This is because that child block name is already being invoked in the register.phtml template like this $this->getChildHtml('customer.form.register.newsletter'), but it does not seem to be used for anything else that I noticed. So once we have defined our new block with this name, it will be inserted into the page below the existing newsletter checkbox:
<customer_account_create>
<reference name="content">
<block type="customer/form_register" name="customer_form_register" template="customer/form/register.phtml">
<block type="page/html_wrapper" name="customer.form.register.fields.before" as="form_fields_before" translate="label">
<label>Form Fields Before</label>
</block>
<!-- This is our new block. -->
<block type="core/template" name="customer.form.register.newsletter" template="customer/form/custom_register.phtml"/>
</block>
</reference>
</customer_account_create>
Alternative
I think you may want to consider something like this extension instead, since it seems to make it easy to add custom registration fields.

Use of layout in Magento

As I have seen for each Template file there exists a layout which connect blocks of particular Module. I struggled to understood each pieces in Magento, let me explain what I had done,
Consider a Template app\design\frontend\base\default\template\catalog\category\view.phtml
we have, $_category = $this->getCurrentCategory();
this function belongs to Block app\code\core\Mage\Catalog\Block\Category\view.php
What Magento's Template does is, it search for Layout instead of Block file,
i.e, Inside Layout file, app\design\frontend\base\default\layout\catalog.xml
we have, <block type="catalog/category_view" name="category.products" template="catalog/category/view.phtml">
In this layout definition, the type attribute defines the block file,
i.e., Through layout file the Template gets the value of getCurrentCategory() function from Block.
Also we have <reference name="content">, <reference name="left"> which decides where to append the template.
My Question is,
Why can't Templates get the Value directly from Block without referring Layout?
Why Magento is not allowing us to do so?
What is the use of Layout while considering these 3 Block,Layout and Template?
1 - Why can't Templates get the Value directly from Block without referring Layout?
They can. Using your example:
<block type="catalog/category_view" name="category.products" template="catalog/category/view.phtml">
This can be written as:
<block type="catalog/category_view" name="category.products">
And within the actual block (app/code/core/Mage/Catalog/Block/Category/View.php):
...
public function _construct()
{
parent::_construct();
// set the template here instead
$this->setTemplate('catalog/category/view.phtml');
}
...
2 - Why Magento is not allowing us to do so?
Magento does allow you to do so. The Magento layout system is very powerful, albeit very difficult to understand it initially.
3 - What is the use of Layout while considering these 3 Block,Layout and Template?
I will use this question to clear some of your misconceptions. As stated the Magento layout is very powerful and allows a lot of flexibility but at first glance this is not obvious. I will try explain best I can.
Imagine you created your own module within Magento and the Layout did not exist - everything was controlled within the 'controllers'. You would need to rewrite/extend/hack core Magento code to get things the way you wanted. If you wanted an extra widget on the category view page, you would need to override a controller method, or add your own controller.
The Magento Layout overcomes this by creating a global layout file which you can extend without messing with the core infrastructure.
Lets take your example.
On a category view page, if we wanted to change the above template, catalog/category/view.phtml, to something else, say my/category/view.phtml, we could do this:
<!-- this is the controller handle -->
<catalog_category_view>
<!--
by referencing, we are actually referring to a
block which has already been instantiated. the
name is the unique name within the layout.
generally all blocks should have a name and it
must be unique. however there can also be
anonymous blocks but thats out of scope of this
answer
-->
<reference name="category.products">
<!--
the layout allows us to fire methods within
the blocks. in this instance we are actually
firing the setTemplate method on the block
and providing a "template" argument.
this is the same as calling:
$this->setTemplate('my/category/view.phtml');
within the block.
-->
<action method="setTemplate">
<template>my/category/view.phtml</template>
</action>
</reference>
</catalog_category_view>
Just to reiterate:
Also we have <reference name="content">, <reference name="left"> which decides where to append the template.
This is incorrect. The "reference" tag allows you to reference blocks that are already instantiated. Just for completeness - the following example shows you how you can reference another block and place a block within it:
<!--
the default layout handle which is call on nearly all
pages within magento
-->
<default>
<!--
we are not referencing the "left" block
we could if we wanted reference "right",
"content" or any other blocks however
these are the most common
-->
<reference name="left">
<!--
add a block
in this example we are going to reference
"core/template" which translates to:
Mage_Core_Block_Template
which exists at:
app/code/core/Mage/Core/Block/Template.php
-->
<block type="core/template" name="my.unique.name.for.this.block" template="this/is/my/view.phtml" />
</reference>
</default>
Further reading: Introducing The Magento Layout
To answer your question, you need to dig down Magento's MVC approach,
A webpage is divided into several parts logically, for example, header, body, footer, etc., making the page layout organized and easy to adjust. Magento provides such flexibility through Layout XML files. Magento processes those layout files and render them into web pages.
Layout files act as detailed instructions to the application on how to build a page, what to build it with and the behavior of each building block.
Layout files are separated on a per-module basis, every module bringing with it its own layout file .The system is built this way in order to allow seamless addition and removal of modules without effecting other modules in the system.
In Magento, the View component of Model, View, Controller directly references system models to get the information it needs for display.
The View has been separated into Blocks and Templates. Blocks are PHP objects, Templates are "raw" PHP files that contain a mix of HTML and PHP. Each Block is tied to a single Template file. Inside a phtml file, PHP's $this keyword will contain a reference to the Template’s Block object.
Layout files contains <handlers> which are mapped to MVC controller, so expect your handler
<adminhtml_example_index> to be used in adminhtml/example/index controller page
and
<reference name="content"> means that the blocks or other references inside those blocks will be available in content block on your theme templates.
Each page request in Magento will generate several unique Handles. The 'View' of Magento’s MVC pattern implementation is divided in two parts: Layout and Template. The template represents a HTML block while layout defines the location of the block on a web page.
In Magento’s MVC approach, it's not the responsibility of the controller to set variables for the View (in Magento’s case, the view is Layout and Blocks). Controllers set values on Models, and then Blocks read from those same models.
Your controller’s job is to do certain things to Models, and then tell the system it’s layout rendering time. It’s your Layout/Blocks job to display an HTML page in a certain way depending on the state of the system’s Models.
In Magento, when a URL is triggered,
It determines Controller and action
Action Method manipulates Models
Action loads layout and starts rendering
Template, read from Models, via Blocks
Block and child blocks render into HTML

Hide category menu using local.xml

How to hide category/menu bar on selected pages like login & registration using local.xml ?
I'm using magento 1.7.0.2
You need to remove block named 'catalog.topnav' for login and registration page handlers. The page handler similar to page URL, but all slashes replaced with '_'. For the login page it will be *customer_account_login* and for the registration page - *customer_account_create*. You can use
<remove name="[blockname]">
or
<action method="unsetChild"><block>[blockname]</block></action>
instructions, first allow you to remove block globally and the second one remove it from certain block.
The Layout update for default magento theme will looks like:
<?xml version="1.0"?>
<layout version="0.1.0">
<customer_account_login>
<remove name="catalog.topnav" />
</customer_account_login>
<customer_account_create>
<remove name="catalog.topnav" />
</customer_account_create>
</layout>
There is some explanation about Magento layouts which can be useful - http://www.magentocommerce.com/knowledge-base/entry/magento-for-dev-part-4-magento-layouts-blocks-and-templates
Remove nodes will be processed after all layout handles are merged, and are a good way to remove a block regardless of which layout handle loaded the block; you just want to get rid of it entirely for some handles! It also removes recursively, so all you need to specify is the layout handle.
On the other hand, you may only want to remove a block from a reference in a specific layout handle, in which case you should use unsetChild. It is often used to remove a block from a reference, but then re-insert the same block with a different position. This would not have been possible with remove.

Placement of Related products - Magento

I have a magento installation where I need to place related products in the center column. This is the easy part. I moved
<block type="catalog/product_list_related" name="catalog.product.related" after="container1" template="catalog/product/list/related.phtml"/>
From the right reference block, to the bottom of the center reference block.
With this I achieved to place the related products in the center column, but all the way at the bottom.
I need the related products to be placed just above the price block in the div (class: product-shop)
I tried to position it with the After/before parameter in the XML but this doesnt seem to work.
If I place the block code higher up in the XML it doesn't show at all.
Moving blocks is quite easy to do correctly (i.e. using best practices). Best practices include not customizing any core layout file when possible as well as working with original block instances rather than reinstantiating them. All of this can be achieve using the custom layout file available to end-implementers.
Create a local.xml file in your custom theme's layout folder e.g. app/design/frontend/[package]/[theme]/layout/local.xml, and in there add the following:
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<layout>
<!--
In Magento v1 a move is accomplished by unsetting in one place
and inserting in another. This is possible using just layout xml
when the "new" parent block is a "Mage_Core_Block_Text_List"
instance. Otherwise a template needs editing.
In Magento v2 there will be actual "move" functionality.
-->
<catalog_product_view>
<reference name="right">
<!-- remove the block name from a parent -->
<action method="unsetChild">
<block>catalog.product.related</block>
</action>
</reference>
<reference name="content">
<!-- add the block name to a parent -->
<action method="insert">
<block>catalog.product.related</block>
</action>
<!--
Mage_Core_Block_Abstract::insert() accepts multiple arguments,
but by default it will insert the added block at the beginning
of the list of child blocks.
-->
</reference>
</catalog_product_view>
</layout>
You can revert the change to the original layout xml file at this point.

Magento Store - Remove Block using Update XML

I am using this code in my template file to display a static block in my left sidebar:
<?= $this->getLayout()->createBlock('cms/block')->setBlockId('leftSB1')->toHtml() ?>
I would like to exclude the block from one of my CMS pages. How do I do this?
I think it requires adding code to the 'Layout Update XML' section but I'm not sure what exactly.
Someone else can correct me here, but I'm fairly sure that you're going to have trouble trying to accomplish this given the way you called the block. Normal layout updates allow you to remove blocks, but those are blocks that were also created with the layout (e.g. the Layout object knows about them after you call loadLayout()).
In your case, you create the block on the fly and then immediately use it to echo some HTML. If you want to be able to delete it with layout updates, try moving it into the layout files first, then use the normal layout block removal method:
<reference name="your_parent_block_name">
<remove name="leftSB1"/>
</reference>
Otherwise, you could hide it either in the PHP (By setting some global variable and checking it before outputting the block. Poor form but it might work.) or in CSS. Let me know if any of these work for you.
Thanks,
Joe
Include the block in your layout instead:
<cms_page>
<reference name="left">
<block type="cms/block" name="leftSB1">
<action method="setBlockId"><id>leftSB1</id></action>
</block>
</reference>
</cms_page>
And then $this->getChildHtml('leftSB1') in your sidebar, if you're not including children automatically.
(and then remove it from the particular page as in the previous answer)

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