Right now all my mod_rewrite related statements are in my VHost configuration files. I would like to move the common ones into my apache configuration file. However, when I move either of these two statements
RewriteEngine on
RewriteMap domainMapper prg:foo/bar.php
The website breaks. A look at the mod_rewrite documents indicates that the RewriteMap directive should work in both the server config and the virtual host context. However, this is not the case. Can someone clarify whether I am doing something wrong, or failing to do something necessary?
You can put rewrites outside of the VirtualHost entries. However, the rewrites have to be pulled into the virtual host context because that's where your URLs are being processed. You must set
RewriteEngine on # turn on rewrites in this vhost
RewriteOptions Inherit # inherit rules from outside scope
in each VirtualHost where these outside rewrites are to be active. The enabling of the engine is not inherited, so the Inherit is not enough by itself.
For more info, see the documentation:
http://httpd.apache.org/docs/current/mod/mod_rewrite.html#rewriteoptions
Related
I was starting to implement mod_rewrite rules on my site when I came across some weird behaviour. I removed my htaccess file for this test, to take it out of the equation.
My local dev site is at http://dev.mydomain.com and is a virtual host.
If I go to, eg "http://dev.mydomain.com/blog/", that folder doesn't exist, but apache finds a matching php file "blog.php" and instead displays that.
This only happens when there is a matching php file - when there isn't, eg "http://dev.mydomain.com/barfblurg/" I just get a 404.
It's like there are some extra mod_rewrites going on above where the site htaccess would be - that when /file/ couldn't be resolved, it searches for other matching files and instead serves this - but there are no other htaccess files that would have an effect, so this must presumably be a config thing? I can't see anything in the apache.conf or php.ini that would cause this behaviour.
(This also doesn't happen on my live host elsewhere, so it's definitely a config thing.)
Anyone point me to where to turn that behaviour off, because it's interfering with the url rewrites I want to do?
(Apache2, OSX, 10.10.5)
This behavior is due to enabling of option MultiViews.
Option MultiViews is used by Apache's content negotiation module that runs before mod_rewrite and makes Apache server match extensions of files. So /file can be in URL but it will serve /file.php.
To turn this off use:
Options -MultiViews
at top of your .htaccess or in Apache config/vhost file.
The Apache2 docs recommend mod_rewrite as a last resort for specifying which directory to send a given host request to. They said use mod_vhosts_alias. I set that up and its working without problem. However, I have a specific case that entails some mod_rewriting.
I have a domain like mydomain.com and a large number of subnames like sub.mydomain.com and sub2.mydomain.com. These subdomains all map to corresponding directories. But the subdomains will also have full top-level domains that map to respective directories. For instance:
sub.mydomain.com will map to the same directory as awesomeproducts.com sub2.mydomain.com will map to the same directory as widgets.com
What would be the best way to make sure both these methods of accessing each site will work without conflict?
Since the docs only say mod_rewrite isn't as "graceful" as mod_vhosts_alias, I didn't know if I ought to use mod_rewrite completely by itself for my situation or if I should be trying to mix the two approaches somehow.
Is mixing them the way to go or will that create problems?
The behaviors of RewriteRule and RewriteCond change when using mod_vhost_alias. Its been a few days since I tinkered with it so I'm sketchy on it, but watch out for the way RewriteRule interprets the portion of the URL to be rewritten. It may change when using mod_vhost_alias... and RewriteCond behavior might change too.
To accomplish the question I was asking about, I ended up using symbolic links for the actual domains. I setup a bunch of subdomains with associated folders so that sub1.stddomain.com would go to the folder sub1.stdomain.com. Then I added a symbolic link that maps domain1.com to the sub1.stddomain.com folder. That way anyone who visits domain1.com is shown the site in the sub1.stddomain.com folder.
IMPORTANT: After all that work and testing, I ended up going back to to a collection of virtualhost files WITHOUT mod_vhost_alias. Turns out that there is a known problem with mod_vhost_alias. DocumentRoot isn't correctly set when using it. This breaks tons of scripts. It was patched in February 2012 with new special variables and the programming team at Apache dropped the ball. They never wrote any documentation explaining how to use the patch or new variables.
I reopened the issue and stated that its still a bug since you can't write code and not tell anyone how to use it and then call it fixed. Unfortunately the issue had already been ignored for YEARS and it will probably continue to get ignored even though they supposedly wrote code for it.
RECOMMENDED LESSON FROM ALL THIS: Don't use mod_vhost_alias. Write shell scripts to manage your vhost files using one more template files.
I've noticed that on several web pages e.g. StackOverflow instead of stackoverflow.com/questions/ask.php they have stackoverflow.com/questions/ask.
How is this done?
If I understand your question right, you just want to have file-names|tags|titles|categories after the last slash to route semantically to the according file or a hidden path;
If so, you will gain this dependent on the possibilities you have:
A) Do you have access to httpd.conf on your Server?
Look out for the DirectoryIndex;
OR
B) If you are not able to edit httpd.conf, do you have access to .htaccess on your server?
Look out if DirectoryIndex is already set anywhere, in most cases it won't; so you want to create your own new entry;
TODO:
Now define the DirectoryIndex by letting this reserved word be followed by the filenames you want to have
been routed to another filename or path/filename
GODO:
DirectoryIndex
[SPACE]
file-name.ending OR file-name OR tag OR title-with-some-words-bond-together
[SPACE]
repeat step 3 and 4 until you have a set of catchers to be caught ...
at least: add the target of your set by spending a path
DOJO:
RELOAD your server
OR
RESTART if necessary
EXAM:
DirectoryIndex index.html index.htm index.pl index.asp index.jsp index /routed/to-path_of/index.php
DirectoryIndex ask ask.php
MOJO:
This is a quant of what you can achieve; Look out for pretty-printing URL's, apache mod-rewrite, DirectoryIndex, URI URL hiding, domain forwarding and similar keys you can google for.
In most cases it would have been realized by well-known BLOG/CMS-SoftWare like WordPress, JOOMLA, DruPal, etc. via mod-rewrite, as this is the controlled and preset way if necessary rights are given.
Personally i would recommend to use the simple format of setting DirectoryIndex via .htaccess, as i explained before, because if you realize your own magic-words you may want to write a script that checks for hash-changes, sniffs history and responds accordingly to server-errors.
If you program it in DJango, NodeJS, or other WebApp language, they actually parse the URL and do not give you files. Instead it is known as views and map into a certain piece of code.
I suggest your learn NodeJS.
It is done through a .htaccess file...
I need to create custom urls for my users, for ex: www.example.com/alpha, www.example.com/beta. I was creating symlinked directories, which I think worked as a good starting point for prototyping. However, now I need to do this at a scale, running on several web servers behind a load balancer. I am not sure on the right way to do this.
If you are running on an Apache server and you have access to .htaccess files then try this in a .htaccess file
RewriteEngine On
RewriteRule ^(.*)\.html$ index.php?p=$1
This will point all URL's to index.php?p=* internally.
A user will see the .html, and the server interprets it as the pointed url.
Example: yourdomain.com/cocacola.html -> yourdomain.com/index.php?p=cocacola
Ok, have a client that has existing links coming in from searchmarketing. I am in process of migrating the program from Cold Fusion to PHP.
RewriteEngine on
RewriteRule ^cat_ap~([^~]+)~(.*)\.htm$ /urban/cat_ap.php?$1=$2 [R]
Currently I have a URL structure:
http://www.test.com/urban/cat_ap~nid~5964.htm
which the above rewrite rule changes to
http://www.test.com/urban/cat_ap.php?nid=5964
Now I want to be able to get the variables out of the query string but maintain the url in the browser to the original http://www.test.com/urban/cat_ap~nid~5964.htm but still have it go to the PHP page.
So that when someone goes to http://www.test.com/urban/cat_ap~nid~5964.htm it actually goes to http://www.test.com/urban/cat_ap.php?nid=5964 but still shows http://www.test.com/urban/cat_ap~nid~5964.htm.
Any ideas on how to do this?
Thanks
Mike
You are already doing this on this line (but change the R flag to L):
RewriteRule ^/urban/cat_ap~([^~]+)~(.*).htm$ /urban/cat_ap.php?$1=$2 [L]
The URL that the user hits will still show as the .htm version while the server processes it as the .php
The R flag explicitly induces an external redirect. So just remove the R flag.
I think you'll need to set up reverse proxying to achieve the desired behaviour, and use the P flag with your rewrite rules. I've used a site with this sort of configuration before, so can say that it works, but I'm afraid I've never configured it myself :-(
A good first step at least would be to install mod_proxy and get it loaded and running. The mod_rewrite cookbook page on the P flag has a small amount of detail on proxying RewriteRules, and links through to the ProxyPassReverse directive documentation at apache.org.