I'm looking to perform a conversion of the values in a Ruby hash from String to Integer.
I thought this would be fairly similar to the way you perform a conversion in a Ruby array (using the map method), but I have not been able to find an elegant solution that doesn't involve converting the hash to an array, flattening it, etc.
Is there a clean solution to do this?
Eg. From
x = { "a" => "1", "b" => "2", "c"=> "3" }
To
x = { "a" => 1, "b" => 2, "c" => 3 }
To avoid modifying the original Hash (unlike the existing answers), I'd use
newhash = x.reduce({}) do |h, (k, v)|
h[k] = v.to_i and h
end
If you're using Ruby 1.9, you can also use Enumerable#each_with_object to achieve the same effect a bit more cleanly.
newhash = x.each_with_object({}) do |(k, v), h|
h[k] = v.to_i
end
If you want to, you can also extract the logic into a module and extend the Hash class with it.
module HMap
def hmap
self.each_with_object({}) do |(k, v), h|
h[k] = yield(k, v)
end
end
end
class Hash
include HMap
end
Now you can use
newhash = x.hmap { |k, v| v.to_i } # => {"a"=>1, "b"=>2, "c"=>3}
My preferred solution:
Hash[x.map { |k, v| [k, v.to_i]}] #=> {"a"=>1, "b"=>2, "c"=>3}
A somewhat wasteful one (has to iterate over the values twice):
Hash[x.keys.zip(x.values.map(&:to_i))] #=> {"a"=>1, "b"=>2, "c"=>3}
Try this:
x.each{|k,v| x[k]=v.to_i}
p.keys.map { |key| p[key] = p[key].to_i }
Related
I'm trying to get a hash that has an array of values inverted such that the keys are now values. From an expression like this:
StackOverflow.transform({ 1 => ['A', 'E'] , 2 => ["B"]})
I'm trying to get this result:
{"A"=>1, "E"=>1, "B"=>2}
I have this:
class StackOverflow
def self.transform(old)
a = Hash[old.map { |k,v| v.product([k]) }.first]
end
end
but the keys are all separated as individual keys (not grouped). It returns:
{"A"=>1, "E"=>1}
I'm also trying to downcase the keys, but I feel like after I figure out this inversion issue properly, I'll be able to (hopefully?) figure out the downcasing logic as well.
You were very close. You want to use flat_map instead of first.
class StackOverflow
def self.transform(old)
Hash[old.flat_map { |k,v| v.product([k]) }]
end
end
You were using first to flatten the array.
Another way:
class StackOverflow
def self.transform(old)
val = nil
old.each_with_object(Hash.new { |h,k| h[k]=val }) do |(k,v),h|
val = k
h.values_at(*v)
end
end
end
old = { 1=>['A', 'E'], 2=>['B'] }
StackOverflow.transform(old)
#=> {"A"=>1, "E"=>1, "B"=>2}
I wrote a method to split a hash into two hashes based on a criteria (a particular hash value). My question is different from another question on Hash. Here is an example of what I expect:
h={
:a => "FOO",
:b => "FOO",
:c => "BAR",
:d => "BAR",
:e => "FOO"
}
h_foo, h_bar = partition(h)
I need h_foo and h_bar to be like:
h_foo={
:a => "FOO",
:b => "FOO",
:e => "FOO"
}
h_bar={
:c => "BAR",
:d => "BAR"
}
My solution is:
def partition h
h.group_by{|k,v| v=="FOO"}.values.collect{|ary| Hash[*ary.flatten]}
end
Is there a clever solution?
There's Enumerable#partition:
h.partition { |k, v| v == "FOO" }.map(&:to_h)
#=> [{:a=>"FOO", :b=>"FOO", :e=>"FOO"}, {:c=>"BAR", :d=>"BAR"}]
Or you could use Enumerable#each_with_object to avoid the intermediate arrays:
h.each_with_object([{}, {}]) { |(k, v), (h_foo, h_bar)|
v == "FOO" ? h_foo[k] = v : h_bar[k] = v
}
#=> [{:a=>"FOO", :b=>"FOO", :e=>"FOO"}, {:c=>"BAR", :d=>"BAR"}]
I don't think there is a clever one liner, but you can make it slightly more generic by doing something like:
def transpose(h,k,v)
h[v] ||= []
h[v] << k
end
def partition(h)
n = {}
h.map{|k,v| transpose(n,k,v)}
result = n.map{|k,v| Hash[v.map{|e| [e, k]}] }
end
which will yield
[{:a=>"FOO", :b=>"FOO", :e=>"FOO"}, {:c=>"BAR", :d=>"BAR"}]
when run against your initial hash h
Edit - TIL about partition. Wicked.
Why not use builtin partition, which is doing almost exactly what you are looking for?
h_foo, h_bar = h.partition { |key, value| value == 'FOO' }
The only downside is that you will get arrays instead of hashes (but you already know how to convert that). In ruby 2.1+ you could simply call .map(&:to_h) at the end of call chain.
I'm trying to convert an array into a hash by using some matching. Before converting the array into a hash, I want to merge the values like this
"Desc,X1XXSC,C,CCCC4524,xxxs,xswd"
and create a hash from it. The rule is that, first value of the array is the key in Hash, in array there are repeating keys, for those keys I need to merge values and place it under one key. "Desc:" are keys. My program looks like this.
p 'test sample application'
str = "Desc:X1:C:CCCC:Desc:XXSC:xxxs:xswd:C:4524"
arr = Array.new
arr = str.split(":")
p arr
test_hash = Hash[*arr]
p test_hash
I could not find a way to figure it out. If any one can guide me, It will be thankful.
Functional approach with Facets:
require 'facets'
str.split(":").each_slice(2).map_by { |k, v| [k, v] }.mash { |k, vs| [k, vs.join] }
#=> {"Desc"=>"X1XXSC", "C"=>"CCCC4524", "xxxs"=>"xswd"}
Not that you cannot do it without Facets, but it's longer because of some basic abstractions missing in the core:
Hash[str.split(":").each_slice(2).group_by(&:first).map { |k, gs| [k, gs.map(&:last).join] }]
#=> {"Desc"=>"X1XXSC", "C"=>"CCCC4524", "xxxs"=>"xswd"}
A small variation on #Sergio Tulentsev's solution:
str = "Desc:X1:C:CCCC:Desc:XXSC:xxxs:xswd:C:4524"
str.split(':').each_slice(2).each_with_object(Hash.new{""}){|(k,v),h| h[k] += v}
# => {"Desc"=>"X1XXSC", "C"=>"CCCC4524", "xxxs"=>"xswd"}
str.split(':') results in an array; there is no need for initializing with arr = Array.new
each_slice(2) feeds the elements of this array two by two to a block or to the method following it, like in this case.
each_with_object takes those two elements (as an array) and passes them on to a block, together with an object, specified by:
(Hash.new{""}) This object is an empty Hash with special behaviour: when a key is not found then it will respond with a value of "" (instead of the usual nil).
{|(k,v),h| h[k] += v} This is the block of code which does all the work. It takes the array with the two elements and deconstructs it into two strings, assigned to k and v; the special hash is assigned to h. h[k] asks the hash for the value of key "Desc". It responds with "", to which "X1" is added. This is repeated until all elements are processed.
I believe you're looking for each_slice and each_with_object here
str = "Desc:X1:C:CCCC:Desc:XXSC:xxxs:xswd:C:4524"
hash = str.split(':').each_slice(2).each_with_object({}) do |(key, value), memo|
memo[key] ||= ''
memo[key] += value
end
hash # => {"Desc"=>"X1XXSC", "C"=>"CCCC4524", "xxxs"=>"xswd"}
Enumerable#slice_before is a good way to go.
str = "Desc:X1:C:CCCC:Desc:XXSC:xxxs:xswd:C:4524"
a = ["Desc","C","xxxs"] # collect the keys in a separate collection.
str.split(":").slice_before(""){|i| a.include? i}
# => [["Desc", "X1"], ["C", "CCCC"], ["Desc", "XXSC"], ["xxxs", "xswd"], ["C", "4524"]]
hsh = str.split(":").slice_before(""){|i| a.include? i}.each_with_object(Hash.new("")) do |i,h|
h[i[0]] += i[1]
end
hsh
# => {"Desc"=>"X1XXSC", "C"=>"CCCC4524", "xxxs"=>"xswd"}
I have the following array
a=[["kvm16", "one-415"], ["kvm16", "one-416"], ["kvm5", "one-417"]]
I would like to convert this to a hash that looks like this
{"kvm5"=>["one-417"], "kvm16"=>["one-417", "one-416"]}
everything I have tried squashes the value.
v=Hash[ a.collect do |p| [p[0], [ p[1] ] ] end ]
=> {"kvm5"=>["one-417"], "kvm16"=>["one-416"] }
I was thinking I could check to see if v[p[0]] is an array, but the variable isn't defined inside this block.
Is there a clean way to accomplish what I am looking for?
Yeah, you have to do it yourself, I'm afraid.
a = [["kvm16", "one-415"], ["kvm16", "one-416"], ["kvm5", "one-417"]]
h = a.each_with_object({}) do |(k, v), memo|
(memo[k] ||= []) << v
end
h # => {"kvm16"=>["one-415", "one-416"], "kvm5"=>["one-417"]}
Or, if you're on older ruby (1.8.x):
h = {}
a.each do |k, v|
(h[k] ||= []) << v
end
h # => {"kvm16"=>["one-415", "one-416"], "kvm5"=>["one-417"]}
Let's see some functional approaches. This is a common abstraction, you can find it as Enumerable#map_by in Facets:
require 'facets'
hs.map_by { |k, v| [k, v] }
#=> {"kvm16"=>["one-415", "one-416"], "kvm5"=>["one-417"]}
This pattern replaces the cumbersome group_by + map + Hash:
Hash[hs.group_by(&:first).map { |k, gs| [k, gs.map(&:last)] }]
#=> {"kvm16"=>["one-415", "one-416"], "kvm5"=>["one-417"]}
this has it. in the face of not having each_with_object in my version of ruby and some googleze I arrived at
{}.tap{ |h| items.each{ |item| h[item.id] = item } }
=> {"kvm5"=>["one-417"], "kvm16"=>["one-415", "one-416"]}
mucho thanks to Sergio for getting me thinking along that line
How to push inputs into a value of a hash? My problem is that I got multiple keys and all of them reference arrays.
{"A"=>["C"], "B"=>["E"], "C"=>["D"], "D"=>["B"]}
How can I push another String onto one of these? For example I want to add a "Z" to the array of key "A"?
Currently I either overwrite the former array or all data is in one.
Its about converting a Array ["AB3", "DC2", "FG4", "AC1", "AF4"] into a hash with {"A"=>["B", "C", "F"]}.
Any command <<, push, unshift will do a job
if h["A"]
h["A"] << "Z"
else
h["A"] = ["Z"]
end
You said your original problem is converting the array ["AB3", "DC2", "FG4", "AC1", "AF4"] into the hash {"A"=>["B", "C", "F"]}, which can be done like this:
Hash[a.group_by { |s| s[0] }.map { |k, v| [k, v.map { |s| s[1] }] }]
Or like this:
a.inject(Hash.new{|h, k| h[k]=[]}) { |h, s| h[s[0]] << s[1] ; h }
Note that Hash.new{|h, k| h[k]=[]} creates an array with a default value of [] (an empty array), so you'll always be able to use << to add elements to it.
Better approach:
Add a new class method in Hash as below:
class Hash
def add (k,v)
unless self.key?k
self[k] = [v]
else
self[k] = self[k] << v
end
self
end
end
h={}
h.add('A','B') #=> {"A"=>["B"]}
h.add('A','C') #=> {"A"=>["B", "C"]}
h.add('B','X') #=> {"A"=>["B", "C"], "B"=>["X"]}
Done.
This can be even more idiomatic according to your precise problem; say, you want to send multiple values at once, then code can be DRY-ed to handle multiple arguments.
Hope this helps.
All the best.