I want to make network simulator shawn.exe with cygwin and that simulator need to boost library
when i call make for it in the linking step procedure break.
please help me,
this is all result of make command:
{.
.
[100%] Built target shawnlib
Scanning dependencies of target shawn
[100%] Building CXX object CMakeFiles/shawn.dir/frontend/console/con_main.o
[100%] Building CXX object CMakeFiles/shawn.dir/apps/apps_init.o
Linking CXX executable shawn.exe
/usr/lib/gcc/i686-pc-cygwin/4.5.3/../../../../i686-pc-cygwin/bin/ld: cannot find -lboost_regex-gcc-mt
/usr/lib/gcc/i686-pc-cygwin/4.5.3/../../../../i686-pc-cygwin/bin/ld: cannot find -lboost_date_time-gcc-mt
/usr/lib/gcc/i686-pc-cygwin/4.5.3/../../../../i686-pc-cygwin/bin/ld: cannot find -lboost_thread-gcc-mt
collect2: ld returned 1 exit status
CMakeFiles/shawn.dir/build.make:111: recipe for target `shawn.exe' failed
make[2]: *** [shawn.exe] Error 1
CMakeFiles/Makefile2:60: recipe for target `CMakeFiles/shawn.dir/all' failed
make[1]: *** [CMakeFiles/shawn.dir/all] Error 2
Makefile:72: recipe for target `all' failed
make: *** [all] Error 2
}
Make sure you have the libboost-devel Cygwin package installed. Re-run Cygwin's setup.exe and install that package (as well as its dependencies, which should automatically get installed if you don't explicitly exclude them).
no need to reinstall cygwin. just run:
apt-cyg install libboost-devel.
if you don't have "apt-cyg" installed, run these steps first:
lynx -source rawgit.com/transcode-open/apt-cyg/master/apt-cyg > apt-cyg
install apt-cyg /bin
Related
GOAL: compile samples/bpf, compile bpf/bpftool and use them.
PROBLEM: on a VM with Ubuntu 18.04 bionic with a kernel 4.18.0-25-generic I've installed kernel src code executing apt install linux-source-4.18.0.
Now I cd into /usr/src/linux-source-4.18.0/linux-source-4.18.0/samples/bpf and I run make and the result is
make -C ../../ /usr/src/linux-source-4.18.0/linux-source-4.18.0/samples/bpf/ BPF_SAMPLES_PATH=/usr/src/linux-source-4.18.0/linux-source-4.18.0/samples/bpf
make[1]: Entering directory '/usr/src/linux-source-4.18.0/linux-source-4.18.0'
scripts/kconfig/conf --syncconfig Kconfig
***
*** Configuration file ".config" not found!
***
*** Please run some configurator (e.g. "make oldconfig" or
*** "make menuconfig" or "make xconfig").
***
scripts/kconfig/Makefile:40: recipe for target 'syncconfig' failed
make[3]: *** [syncconfig] Error 1
Makefile:562: recipe for target 'syncconfig' failed
make[2]: *** [syncconfig] Error 2
make[1]: *** No rule to make target 'include/config/auto.conf', needed by 'include/config/kernel.release'. Stop.
make[1]: Leaving directory '/usr/src/linux-source-4.18.0/linux-source-4.18.0'
Makefile:203: recipe for target 'all' failed
make: *** [all] Error 2
If I cd into ../samples/bpf and I run sudo make the result is
Auto-detecting system features:
... libbfd: [ OFF ]
... disassembler-four-args: [ OFF ]
CC map_perf_ring.o
CC xlated_dumper.o
CC perf.o
CC cfg.o
CC common.o
CC cgroup.o
CC main.o
main.c:36:10: fatal error: bfd.h: No such file or directory
#include <bfd.h>
^~~~~~~
compilation terminated.
Makefile:92: recipe for target 'main.o' failed
make: *** [main.o] Error 1
QUESTIONS: what am I missing? After I compile them if I want to write a program which, for example, needs to use bpftool I have to write the program inside the source kernel directory or I can write it everywhere?
Build errors
The first case (Makefile:562: recipe for target 'syncconfig' failed) fails because you run make from the top of the linux kernel repository, and before trying to compile the samples, the build system tries to load a config file to use for your system (but does not find one).
Before trying to build the samples (make -C samples/bpf), you can create a .config file from your current kernel configuration like this:
$ cp /usr/src/linux-headers-$(uname -r)/.config <path to repo>/.config
$ make olddefconfig
Or even simply generate a default config file from scratch:
$ make defconfig
See make help from top directory to see the available make options.
Your second error, regarding bfd.h not found, is that you miss a library. Libbfd on Ubuntu comes with binutils-dev, so apt install binutils-dev should do the trick.
Compiling the programs
Finally, regarding your question on compiling the programs:
You can write and build program from the kernel repository, just by creating a new sample and reusing the existing Makefiles.
You can also write and compile programs outside of the kernel tree. The basic clang (v4.0 or above, if possible v6.0 or above) command to compile them usually looks something like this:
$ clang -O2 -emit-llvm -c my_bpf_prog.c -o - | \
llc -march=bpf -filetype=obj -o my_bpf_prog.o
You can find examples of programs compiled out of the kernel tree in that repository (disclaimer: by my company) or in the XDP tutorial repo.
I am trying to install NrrdIO on Ubuntu 18.04, to run Marching Cubes to segment medical images. This is the link from which I'm trying to run it.
http://web.cse.ohio-state.edu/research/graphics/isotable/
I'm trying to install ijkmcube-v0-3-3.tar, which requires the ITKNrrdIO.a library. I'm running into this error:
[ 7%] Linking CXX executable ijkmcube
/usr/bin/ld: cannot find -lNrrdIO
collect2: error: ld returned 1 exit status
CMakeFiles/ijkmcube.dir/build.make:406: recipe for target 'ijkmcube' failed
make[2]: *** [ijkmcube] Error 1
CMakeFiles/Makefile2:131: recipe for target 'CMakeFiles/ijkmcube.dir/all' failed
make[1]: *** [CMakeFiles/ijkmcube.dir/all] Error 2
Makefile:129: recipe for target 'all' failed
make: *** [all] Error 2
I've installed NrrdIO 1.11.0, and tried with NrrdIO 1.9.0 as well, but while running
make
I always run into this error, for some reason its not able to find lNrrdIO . Can someone please help?
Thanks
Edit:
I think its a problem with the linking, but when I copied the NrrdIO.a file to /usr/bin and modified the symbolic link to point to it, I got an error as follows:
[ 7%] Linking CXX executable ijkmcube
collect2: fatal error: cannot find 'ld'
compilation terminated.
CMakeFiles/ijkmcube.dir/build.make:406: recipe for target 'ijkmcube'
failed
make[2]: *** [ijkmcube] Error 1
CMakeFiles/Makefile2:131: recipe for target '
CMakeFiles/ijkmcube.dir/all' failed
make[1]: *** [CMakeFiles/ijkmcube.dir/all] Error 2
Makefile:129: recipe for target 'all' failed
make: *** [all] Error 2
Can someone help? Thank you
Edit 2
PROJECT(IJKMCUBE)
#---------------------------------------------------------
CMAKE_MINIMUM_REQUIRED(VERSION 2.8)
IF (NOT DEFINED ${IJK_DIR})
GET_FILENAME_COMPONENT(IJK_ABSOLUTE_PATH "../.." ABSOLUTE)
SET(IJK_DIR ${IJK_ABSOLUTE_PATH} CACHE PATH "IJK directory")
ENDIF (NOT DEFINED ${IJK_DIR})
SET(CMAKE_INSTALL_PREFIX "${IJK_DIR}/")
SET(LIBRARY_OUTPUT_PATH ${IJK_DIR}/lib CACHE PATH "Library directory")
SET(IJKMCUBE_DIR "src/ijkmcube")
SET(NRRD_LIBDIR "${IJK_DIR}/lib")
SET(IJK_ISOTABLE_DIR "${IJK_DIR}/isotable" CACHE PATH "Isotable
directory")
#---------------------------------------------------------
IF (NOT CMAKE_BUILD_TYPE)
SET (CMAKE_BUILD_TYPE Release CACHE STRING
"Default build type: Release" FORCE)
ENDIF (NOT CMAKE_BUILD_TYPE)
INCLUDE_DIRECTORIES("${IJK_DIR}/include")
LINK_DIRECTORIES("${NRRD_LIBDIR}")
LINK_LIBRARIES(expat NrrdIO z)
ADD_DEFINITIONS(-DIJK_ISOTABLE_DIR=\"${IJK_ISOTABLE_DIR}\")
ADD_EXECUTABLE(ijkmcube ijkmcube_main.cxx ijkmcubeIO.cxx ijkmcube.cxx
ijkmcube_datastruct.cxx ijkmcube_sub.cxx
ijkmcube_extract.cxx ijkmcube_util.cxx
ijksnapmc.cxx
ijktable.cxx ijktable_poly.cxx ijktable_ambig.cxx
ijkoctree.cxx ijkxitIO.cxx)
ADD_LIBRARY(ijkmcubeL STATIC EXCLUDE_FROM_ALL ijkmcubeIO.cxx
ijkmcube.cxx ijkmcube_datastruct.cxx ijkmcube_sub.cxx
ijkmcube_extract.cxx ijkmcube_util.cxx ijksnapmc.cxx
ijktable.cxx ijkoctree.cxx ijkxitIO.cxx)
SET_TARGET_PROPERTIES(ijkmcubeL PROPERTIES OUTPUT_NAME ijkmcube)
ADD_CUSTOM_TARGET(lib DEPENDS ijkmcubeL)
SET(CMAKE_INSTALL_PREFIX ${IJK_DIR})
INSTALL(TARGETS ijkmcube DESTINATION "bin/linux")
ADD_CUSTOM_TARGET(tar WORKING_DIRECTORY ../.. COMMAND tar cvfh
${IJKMCUBE_DIR}/ijkmcube.tar ${IJKMCUBE_DIR}/README
${IJKMCUBE_DIR}/INSTALL ${IJKMCUBE_DIR}/RELEASE_NOTES
${IJKMCUBE_DIR}/*.cxx ${IJKMCUBE_DIR}/*.h ${IJKMCUBE_DIR}/*.txx
${IJKMCUBE_DIR}/CMakeLists.txt ${IJKMCUBE_DIR}/man/*
${IJKMCUBE_DIR}/ijkmcube_doxygen.config)
ADD_CUSTOM_TARGET(doc COMMAND doxygen ijkmcube_doxygen.config)
SOLVED
Tsyvarev solved it, the libNrrdIO.a file has to be copied to /usr/lib/. Refer to comments for the exact solution
This answer was given by #Tsyvarev:
By making a link named ld you are removing the original linker (ld). Without the linker you definitely cannot build any library. What you need is to make a link named lNrrdIO.a, so it will point to the actual library location: sudo ln -sfn /home/subham/Downloads/NrrdIO-1.9.0-src/lNrrdIO.a lNrrdIO.a (run this command from /usr/lib directory). And restore original /usr/bin/ld file.
When I try to build Artery on Ubuntu 16.04. the following happens after invoking
$ cmake --build /home/hardt/Veins/artery-master/build
[ 23%] Linking CXX shared library libartery.so
/usr/bin/ld: /usr/local/lib/libvanetza_btp.a(data_request.cpp.o): relocation R_X86_64_32 against `.bss' can not be used when making a shared
object; recompile with -fPIC
/usr/local/lib/libvanetza_btp.a: error adding symbols: Bad value
collect2: error: ld returned 1 exit status
src/artery/CMakeFiles/artery.dir/build.make:954: recipe for target'src/artery/libartery.so' failed
make[2]: *** [src/artery/libartery.so] Error 1
CMakeFiles/Makefile2:229: recipe for target 'src/artery/CMakeFiles/artery.dir/all' failed
make[1]: *** [src/artery/CMakeFiles/artery.dir/all] Error 2
Makefile:83: recipe for target 'all' failed
make: *** [all] Error 2
As I am not all that familiar with building source on Unix systems I am not quite sure how to deal with this error.
I am using cmake version 3.9.3, boost 1.65.1 and crypto++ 5.6.4 the geographiclib built without error as well.
As one can read in the comments, the problem is solved.
The path to the vanetza directory VANETZA_DIR in the cmake configuration was wrong. Correcting this via ccmake solved the problem.
I am new to compiling.
I am trying to compile iperf3 for Windows 10 because there is no official Windows distribution of iperf3 and for the learning experience. I am trying to do so on the new Windows Subsystem for Linux feature via Bash on Ubuntu on Windows, also for the learning experience.
I installed mingw-w64, which should give me the proper compiler and environment necessary for cross-compiling:
sudo apt-get install mingw-w64
This put two directories into my /usr directory:
i686-w64-mingw32
x86_64-w64-mingw32
It also put a bunch of things that look like compilers into /usr/bin.
I unzipped the .tar.gz file from iperf3 and navigated into it. Then, I run ./configure --host=i686-w64-mingw32.static and it completes without errors.
I note that the output of the command has a worrisome line: checking for i686-w64-mingw32.static-gcc... no
I note that the Makefile's CC variable is set to gcc, which doesn't sound like the proper compiler.
Then, I run make. It fails with errors:
collect2: error: ld returned 1 exit status
make[2]: *** [iperf3] Error 1
make[2]: Leaving directory `/home/snip/iperf3/iperf-3.1.4/src'
make[1]: *** [all] Error 2
make[1]: Leaving directory `/home/snip/iperf3/iperf-3.1.4/src'
make: *** [all-recursive] Error 1
I also see the line: libtool: warning: undefined symbols not allowed in i686-w64-mingw32.static shared libraries; building static only
I think that the ./configure is not working correctly since it appears to have not found the right compiler for my --host argument and put it in the Makefile.
What am I doing wrong?
EDIT:
I changed the command to ./configure --host=i686-w64-mingw32 per comments and it completes without error. But no makefile is created so make yields make: *** No targets specified and no makefile found. Stop.
What am I doing wrong, now?
EDIT 2:
Looks like the ./configure actually is failing. Last line of its output is nanosleep() required for timing operations., which seems to mean that its missing a library for nanosleep.
How do I get nanosleep?
mingw doesn't support nanosleep. So programs using it cannot be compiled using mingw-w64.
Since several versions of GCC and Ubuntu I am experiencing annoying issues with paths and naming of several header and object files that are necessary for the installation of GCC.
Description: After installing ubuntu (e.g. in my case 12.04) and installing all prerequisites of the gcc, I run the following commands:
sudo mkdir /usr/local/stow/gcc-4.8.0
./configure --prefix /usr/local/stow/gcc-4.8.0
make
sudo make install
For the sake of completeness, the rest of the installation procedure:
cd /usr/local/stow
sudo stow -t /usr/local/ gcc-4.8.0
gcc -v
However, this simple and proper way of installing gcc has some issues during the 'make' step with the following error messages:
1.) The problem with 'stubs.h'
/usr/include/gnu/stubs.h:7:27: fatal error: gnu/stubs-32.h: No such file or directory
which can be fixed with the following commands added to ~/.bashrc:
if [ -z "$CPATH"]; then
export CPATH="/usr/include/i386-linux-gnu"
else
export CPATH=$CPATH:"/usr/include/i386-linux-gnu"
fi
2.) The problem with 'crti.o', 'crtn.o', and 'crt1.o'
/usr/bin/ld: cannot find crti.o: No such file or directory
/usr/bin/ld: cannot find crtn.o: No such file or directory
/usr/bin/ld: cannot find crt1.o: No such file or directory
which can be fixed with the very ugly solution:
sudo ln -s /usr/lib/i386-linux-gnu/crti.o /usr/lib/i386-linux-gnu/crtn.o /usr/lib/i386-linux-gnu/crt1.o /usr/lib
since - and I don't know why - the following commands do not solve the problem during linking steps of 'sudo make install'
if [ -z "$LIBRARY_PATH"]; then
export LIBRARY_PATH="/usr/lib/${multiarch}"
else
export LIBRARY_PATH=$LIBRARY_PATH:"/usr/lib/${multiarch}"
fi
if [ -z "$LD_LIBRARY_PATH"]; then
export LD_LIBRARY_PATH="/usr/lib/${multiarch}"
else
export LD_LIBRARY_PATH=$LD_LIBRARY_PATH:"/usr/lib/${multiarch}"
fi
(With these solutions I could compile GCC-4.7.2 on Ubuntu 12.04. - I have still issues compiling GCC-4.8.0 on Ubuntu 12.04, but that's different topic.)
My questions are: Does anybody know the reason/background that we have these issues? Does anybody know a proper solution? (With "proper solution" I mean a solution that does not require setting environment variables or symbolic linking libraries to different directories. To me these kind of changes are ugly, since they require changes to the system that one may not be able to trace back or redo.)
In the root folder of your GCC source execute ./contrib/download_prerequisites script.
These are the issues i encountered while compiling GCC 4.8.0 on Ubuntu 12.04 with solutions.
This might help you.
Compilation guide for compiling GCC 4.8 on ubuntu 12.04
ERROR 1
configure: error: Building GCC requires GMP 4.2+, MPFR 2.4.0+ and MPC 0.8.0+.
Try the --with-gmp, --with-mpfr and/or --with-mpc options to specify
their locations. Source code for these libraries can be found at
their respective hosting sites as well as at
ftp://gcc.gnu.org/pub/gcc/infrastructure/. See also
http://gcc.gnu.org/install/prerequisites.html for additional info. If
you obtained GMP, MPFR and/or MPC from a vendor distribution package,
make sure that you have installed both the libraries and the header
files. They may be located in separate packages.
SOLUTION
Download and install gmp version >=4.3.2 package because mpc needs higher version
download the source code from gmplib.org
compile the source code and install
while compiling gmp see ERROR 2 for help
Installed gmp version 5.1.1
Download and install mpfr package
Installed mpfr version 3.1.2
Download and install mpc package
Installed mpc version 1.0
Download the packages from
http://ftp.gnu.org
ERROR 2
Error while compiling gmp library
checking for suitable m4... configure: error: No usable m4 in $PATH or /usr/5bin
SOLUTION
sudo apt-get install m4
http://ubuntuforums.org/showthread.php?t=850491
ERROR 3
Cannot find g++ compiler
I got this error because I installed the OS recently and had not installed the compilers.
SOLUTION
sudo apt-get install build-essential
This installs all the standard build essential software
ERROR 4
checking for i686-pc-linux-gnu-gcc... /home/suhastheju/projects/gcc/gcc-4.8.0/host-i686-pc-linux-gnu/gcc/xgcc -B/home/suhastheju/projects/gcc/gcc-4.8.0/host-i686-pc-linux-gnu/gcc/ -B/usr/local/i686-pc-linux-gnu/bin/ -B/usr/local/i686-pc-linux-gnu/lib/ -isystem /usr/local/i686-pc-linux-gnu/include -isystem /usr/local/i686-pc-linux-gnu/sys-include
checking for suffix of object files... configure: error: in `/home/suhastheju/projects/gcc/gcc-4.8.0/i686-pc-linux-gnu/libgcc':
configure: error: cannot compute suffix of object files: cannot compile
See `config.log' for more details.
make[2]: *** [configure-stage1-target-libgcc] Error 1
make[2]: Leaving directory `/home/suhastheju/projects/gcc/gcc-4.8.0'
make[1]: *** [stage1-bubble] Error 2
make[1]: Leaving directory `/home/suhastheju/projects/gcc/gcc-4.8.0'
make: *** [all] Error 2
SOLUTION
Though gcc documentation specify , that , we can provide the path of gmp
and mpfr installtion through –with-gmp and –with-mpfr flag ,
but unfortunately , i tried to give the path but it didnt work.
I am not in position to say final word about , this , whether it is a bug
in build script or something else , but bellow is the solution of the problem.
while building , add gmp and mpfr installation path in LD_LIBRARY_PATH environment
variable. Do as follows
export LD_LIBRARY_PATH=/usr/local/lib:$LD_LIBRARY_PATH
If you have the libraries in different path, add the path where libraries are present
ERROR 5
libbackend.a(tree-vect-data-refs.o):tree-vect-data-refs.c:(.text+0x87da): more undefined references to `vector_type_mode(tree_node const*)' follow
collect2: error: ld returned 1 exit status
make[3]: *** [cc1] Error 1
make[3]: Leaving directory `/home/suhastheju/projects/gcc/gcc-4.8.0/host-i686-pc-linux-gnu/gcc'
make[2]: *** [all-stage2-gcc] Error 2
make[2]: Leaving directory `/home/suhastheju/projects/gcc/gcc-4.8.0'
make[1]: *** [stage2-bubble] Error 2
make[1]: Leaving directory `/home/suhastheju/projects/gcc/gcc-4.8.0'
make: *** [all] Error 2
SOLUTION
recompiled the source code from begining, It worked magically
make clean all
ERROR 6
/home/suhastheju/projects/gcc/gcc-4.8.0/host-i686-pc-linux-gnu/gcc/../.././gcc/gcov.c:416: undefined reference to `gcc_init_libintl()'
collect2: ld returned 1 exit status
make[3]: *** [gcov] Error 1
make[3]: Leaving directory `/home/suhastheju/projects/gcc/gcc-4.8.0/host-i686-pc-linux-gnu/gcc'
SOLUTION
Added -I/usr/include