i have got a bash file which i want to toggle via the sudo crontab list. Problem is, that it does not work, because when i run the script with sudo, there is a syntax error message on this line:
size=(`du -h $backupDir --summarize`)
If i run the same script without, i have to type the sudo pw, but it works without any problems.
I allready tried a few variations with brackets, with or without backticks, with or without spaces, etc but nothing helped. The error message is:
Syntax error: "(" unexpected (expecting ";;")
Any help?
The problem here is that you use bash-syntax, and the script (when it is executed from cron) is interpreted by /bin/sh (that known nothing about arrays and the () construction.).
You must either specify bash as an interpreter of the script using she-bang notation:
#!/bin/bash
or run the script explicitly with bash from cron:
bash /path/to/script
or rewrite script so, that it could run without arrays.
Fro readability use the $() form
size=$(du -h $backupDir --summarize)
If you want to stick to back quotes, then
size=`du -h $backupDir --summarize`
Related
In Bash in the terminal, it is impossible to run a command that ends with and & (being sent to the background) followed by another command (obviously with a ; between them). Why is that? Why can't you run anything with &; or $ ; in it?
I'm trying to recreate a 502 error and was trying to DoS a specific page in a testing server. I was trying to run this:
while true; do curl -s https://some.site.com/someImage.jpg > /dev/null &; echo blah ; done
as a "one-liner" in the terminal. However, I got this error:
-bash: syntax error near unexpected token `;'
However the commands work individually, and when I run the curl command not in the background it works as a loop as well. It also works when it write a one line script, "/tmp/curlBack.sh" that includes only
curl -s https://some.site.com/someImage.jpg > /dev/null &
And then run
while true; do bash /tmp/curlBack.sh ; echo blah ; done
Why am I getting this error and how do I fix it?
The problem is with the semi-colon after the ampersand (&):
An ampersand does the same thing as a semicolon or newline in that it indicates the end of a command, but it causes Bash to execute the command asynchronously.
BashSheet
Basically, it's as if you were to put double semi-colons back to back, that would cause a syntax error too.
To fix this problem, you simply need to remove the semi-colon, I tested it that way and it seems to be working:
while true; do curl -s https://some.site.com/someImage.jpg > /dev/null & echo blah ; done
I am trying to run following command
ssh xxx#99.99.99.99 ". ./.profile; myscript 2&1 >> /tmp/2244455.log"
But it comes up with following error
sh: 1: execute permission denied
When i run myscript 2&1 >> /tmp/2244455.log on my remote server it works perfectly.
Also when i run ssh xxx#99.99.99.99 ". ./.profile; myscript it works perfectly.
Please can yo help me with this issue
myscript is not owned by xxx, permissions are
ls -ltrh myscript
-rwxr-xr-x 1 yyy other 11K May 18 15:04 myscript
The 2&1 syntax is wrong; if you want to redirect stderr to stdout, you need to:
2>&1
You also have quotes that are not nested properly; the backtick `` is overlapped with the double quotes. EDIT: I see you've edited the question, but there's now an unpaired backtick at the beginning of your command
So, I'm guessing what you're after with the quotes, but your whole command might be:
ssh xxx#99.99.99.99 ". ./.profile; myscript 2>&1 >> /tmp/2244455.log"
This would create /tmp/2244455.log on the remote 99.99.99.99 machine.
Putting backpacks around the ssh command will cause your local shell to attempt to run its output as a new command line. Get rid of those, if that's not just a typo from formatting your question.
The real problem is that you're missing the > on the redirect. 2>&1, not 2&1. The >less version just adds 2 as an argument to the command and then attempts to run that command in the background while running a command named 1 in the foreground.
I have written the following code:
#!/bin/bash
#Simple array
array=(1 2 3 4 5)
echo ${array[*]}
And I am getting error:
array.sh: 3: array.sh: Syntax error: "(" unexpected
From what I came to know from Google, that this might be due to the fact that Ubuntu is now not taking "#!/bin/bash" by default... but then again I added the line but the error is still coming.
Also I have tried by executing bash array.sh but no luck! It prints blank.
My Ubuntu version is: Ubuntu 14.04
Given that script:
#!/bin/bash
#Simple array
array=(1 2 3 4 5)
echo ${array[*]}
and assuming:
It's in a file in your current directory named array.sh;
You've done chmod +x array.sh;
You have a sufficiently new version of bash installed in /bin/bash (you report that you have 4.3.8, which is certainly new enough); and
You execute it correctly
then that should work without any problem.
If you execute the script by typing
./array.sh
the system will pay attention to the #!/bin/bash line and execute the script using /bin/bash.
If you execute it by typing something like:
sh ./array.sh
then it will execute it using /bin/sh. On Ubuntu, /bin/sh is typically a symbolic link to /bin/dash, a Bourne-like shell that doesn't support arrays. That will give you exactly the error message that you report.
The shell used to execute a script is not affected by which shell you're currently using or by which shell is configured as your login shell in /etc/passwd or equivalent (unless you use the source or . command).
In your own answer, you say you fixed the problem by using chsh to change your default login shell to /bin/bash. That by itself should not have any effect. (And /bin/bash is the default login shell on Ubuntu anyway; had you changed it to something else previously?)
What must have happened is that you changed the command you use from sh ./array.sh to ./array.sh without realizing it.
Try running sh ./array.sh and see if you get the same error.
Instead of using sh to run the script,
try the following command:
bash ./array.sh
I solved the problem miraculously. In order to solve the issue, I found a link where it was described to be gone by using the following code. After executing them, the issue got resolved.
chsh -s /bin/bash adhikarisubir
grep ^adhikarisubir /etc/passwd
FYI, "adhikarisubir" is my username.
After executing these commands, bash array.sh produced the desired result.
I'm trying to send this command via ssh:
ssh <user1>#<ip1> ssh <user2>#<ip2> /opt/user/bin -f /opt/user/slap.conf -l /home/admin/`date +%Y%m%d`_Export_file$nr.gz -s "ou=multi" -a "(& (entry=$nr)(serv=PS))" -o wrap=no
this command is customized so do not confuse with this...
But it's not executed, smth like: unexpected '(
If i log in to the server and i give this command it gets executed correctly. So i think it should be something with bracket and parentheses rules.
Please can someone help me?
thank you in advance.
You will need to escape the quotes, possibly twice, since each invocation of ssh will involve stripping a layer off. Put escaped single quotes round the entire command, and then nested unescaped single quotes round the inner command:
ssh <user1>#<ip1> \'ssh <user2>#<ip2> '/opt/user/bin -f /opt/user/slap.conf -l /home/admin/`date +%Y%m%d`_Export_file$nr.gz -s "ou=multi" -a "(& (entry=$nr)(serv=PS))" -o wrap=no'\'
This assumes, by the way, that you want the backticks to be unpacked and the command executed on ip2, rather than beforehand on your source machine, and similarly with the decoding of the $nr variable. It's not clear how you want them interpreted.
I am writing a simple bash script (checkServs.sh) that will ssh into a list of servers and perform a health check on them.
I keep getting errors on the following line:
SERVERS=(blah1.example.com blah2.example.com blah3.example.com blah4.example.com)
Error is:
checkServs.sh: 3: checkServs.sh: Syntax error: "(" unexpected
I've checked online examples and this seems correct, isn't it? Thanks in advance!
I don't know about the syntax error, but this should work:
SERVERS="blah1.example.com blah2.example.com blah3.example.com blah4.example.com"
for server in $SERVERS
do
echo $server
done
EDIT: As noted by Jonathan Leffler in a comment, maybe you are not running the script with bash. Other shells, such as dash, may not recognize the array syntax. If that's the case, you can do:
SERVERS=(blah1.example.com blah2.example.com blah3.example.com blah4.example.com)
for i in $(seq 0 3)
do
echo ${SERVERS[$i]}
done
But if you just want to loop through the names and run an SSH command (ie if having an array won't provide useful functionality), the first method is more straightforward.
Your remote server probably calls a different shell when executing commands. Try to add bash -c to your arguments:
ssh user#server bash -c "<your commands>"
Or:
ssh user#server bash < yourscript.sh ## None in yourscript.sh must read input though.
An opening parenthesis starts a subshell, which is not a correct thing to have on the right side of an equals sign. It expects a string expression, not a command.
Quotation marks are used to keep a string expression together.