I have been programming android apps for a bit, and I am now making an iphone app. I want to make margins for my view. I would not like to explain my exact situation, but if someone helps me with this I'll be able to figure out what I need to do.
I have two views, I want the first view to take up the entire screen. Then I want another view to always be, lets say 20 pixels from the edge of the screen on all four sides. Is there a simple way to do that in xcode?
Thanks
I assume you're using Interface Builder (now part of Xcode).
Add the view as you suggest - leaving a 20 pixel border around all 4 sides. Set all 6 resize options (flexible height, width, top, bottom, left & right).
Ensure that 'autoresize subviews' is enabled on the parent view.
The view will now resize if the parent view also resizes, leaving a 20px margin as required.
Related
I am attempting to get the auto-layout to work correctly. For some reason, when I change the size of the device, all of the images and buttons are out of place and don't resize at all. This is true for the 3.5 inch screen, as well as the ipad retina. When I run the simulator, the app shows exactly how it shows in storyboard. Auto-layout should be resizing everything so that this does not happen. please help!
The issue is that constraints don't scale. When you set a constraint height to 200 it will always be 200, even if the screen is only 100 high. So what you need to do is try to set constraints that makes the size dynamically rather then set the constraint height/widths yourself.
For instance, on your first label under the UIImageView set the constraints leading and trailing to 20, then set the label constraint to center horizontally on the UIImageView. No other constraints for the label. This will cause the label to shrink in width since its set to be 20 away from each side. The height will not change since there is nothing "pushing" it to shrink since you are missing a few constraints, but basically you need to use the top, bottom, leading, and trailing, constraints to the UIViewController view in order to "scale" the elements.
If you'd like I could try and set the constraints for you if you upload the project and you can then watch how I did.
Edit
It's hard for me to know what kind of behaviour you'd want, but something has to scale or change size in your set up. The easiest would be to resize the UIImageView. It's basically impossible to make it look exactly alike in every screen size, though, so you'll have to play around a bit with constraints until you understand how they work and how to adjust them according to what you want. One way is to create the layout you want and then connect them to code and scale them depending on size of the screen (this is a bit of a pain, I did that in a project recently and it took a bit of time and effort).
The easiest approach is to make the UIImageView to change its size when it needs to, and add extra space in the bottom. Here is a demo project I threw together earlier. Download here
Profile pic
1) first you set the profile pic image center horizontal to the content view
2) set height and width for the profile pic
3)set top space constraints to content view
Change Profile pic label
1)set central horizontal to profile pic
2)set width and height
3)set vertical space between profile pic
Challenges Accepted label
1) set vertical space to profile pic label
2) set Leading space to container
3) set height
and do same for the below two content . i didnt tested. check it and try
After a long night of struggling, I figured out what I needed to do. I was setting the individual view controllers to have a simulated size of 4.7inch. This made it hard for the constraints to scale across all devices since I was setting the constraints for a specific screen size. However, this would be the way to go if using size classes.
I solved my issue by using the standard 600 X 600 canvas that is available before choosing a specific size. This way, I was able to set constraints that scaled down for the smaller screens, and scaled up for the larger/HD screens. This works perfectly with auto-layout. Hope that helps someone!
The new Unity 4.6 comes with a new GUI, when I change de resolution on Unity the UI Button scales perfectly but when I test on the Nexus 7 device the Button looks too small. Any idea how to solve this?
Unity's new GUI system uses "anchors" to control how gui elements (like buttons) scale in relation to their parent container.
Unity has a tutorial video on how to use the new "Rect Transform" component (where the anchors are configured) here: http://unity3d.com/learn/tutorials/modules/beginner/ui/rect-transform.
The last half of the tutorial is all about anchors. That page has links to the entire tutorial series. It's not too long. You should watch the whole thing.
Specific to your question:
The anchors are visible in your first screen shot. They are those 4 little arrows at the top left of your button.
Right now, your button is only anchored by it's top left corner.
The two right anchors need to be dragged to the right so that the right edge of your button is anchored to a space inside its parent container.
Depending on your situation, the two bottom arrows may need to be dragged down so that the bottom edge of your button is anchored as well.
The video I linked above covers all this in detail.
Lastly, for the font size to scale nicely on different resolutions, you will need to add and configure a reference resolution component to the base canvas of your UI, as Ash-Bash32 wrote earlier.
Update: The best way to add a Reference Resolution component is through the inspector window for the base canvas in your UI.
1) click the "Add Component Button" at the bottom of the inspector.
2) type the word "Reference" in the search filter field.
3) select the "Reference Resolution" component in the search results.
The Reference Resolution is now renamed as Canvas Scaler.. Along with the renaming they have added many more features for the dynamicity of the Canvas. You can go through the Unity Doc of Canvas Scaler and also take a look at this article for a practical example of how and why to use Canvas Scaler. Also make sure you use the Anchor Points to good effect to make this more robust...
To Scale UI added the ReferenceResolution Component to the Canvas you want to scale.
P.S. Theres no Documention for ReferenceResolution
If you want the button to be the same size for all screens and resolutions, you have to add the canvas scaler component to the canvas and the set the screen match mode to: match width or height, here is the link to the docs, this helps a lot if you want to aim to different sizes or resolutions:
http://docs.unity3d.com/Manual/HOWTO-UIMultiResolution.html
This becomes giant and convoluted once you start laying things out in code AND using a canvas scaler, so I wish to provide a thorough answer to save someone the hours I went through.
First, don't use anchoredPosition to position anything, unless you fully realize it is a 0.0 to 1.0 number. Use the RectTransform localPosition to do the actual laying out, and remember it's in relation to the parent anchor. (I had to lay out a grid from the center)
Second, put a canvas scaler on the parent layout object AND the inner ui pieces. One makes the layout in the right position, the other will resize your elements so they actually show up right. You can't rely on the the parent unless the children also have scalers (and Graphic Raycasters to touch them).
Third, if you have a scaler, DON'T use Screen.width and height, instead assume the screen is the same value you put for the scalers (hopefully you used the same, or know what you're doing). The screen width always returns the actual device pixels, retina devices too, but the canvas scalers DO NOT account for this. This probably gives unity the one remaining way to find actual screen dpi if your game wants it. Edit: This paragraph applies to any parent canvas connected to the code doing your laying out. Not stray canvases, you can probably mix it up. Just remember unity's guidelines on performance with canvases.
Fourth, the canvas is still a bit buggy. Even with the above working, some things don't render until you delete and recreate a canvas, if you re-open the scene or it crashes. Otherwise, the above is the general "rules" I've found.
To center a "grid of things" you can't just use half of the canvas scaler's width or height, you have to calculate the height of your grid and set the offset by half of it, otherwise it will always be slightly off. I just added this as an extra tip. This calculation works for all orientations.
I wonder if there is a way of creating/modifying a NSLevelIndicator object so it can be positioned vertically, i.e. display discrete levels from bottom up, not from left to right, so it can be also used as element of interface-building library in Xcode?
There are lots of examples of such level displays in Apple and non-Apple OSX applications, and quite a few reasons why such an object should exist, yet how to create such an object for some reason (from what I can see in developer forums) seems either not worth asking or a "best kept secret".
Is there a template code which can be modified to into an object of such properties?
I haven't even faintest idea if such an object should really be written from scratch? Mission impossible?
Thanks in advance!
Try using
[NSView setFrameRotation:90];
it's sketchy but easier than a custom view
Edit: Alternatively try
[levelView setFrameCenterRotation:90];
SetFrameRotation:90 rotated it around the bottom left axis for me so it ended up being clipped. This one rotates it around the centre so you should be able to see it. I just made a quick swift playground showcasing it: http://cl.ly/WsL8/Vertical%20LevelIndicatorView.playground.zip
Edit again: If you're still stuck, I made a sample project with a vertical level indicator in objective-c: http://cl.ly/WrdH/levelindicator.zip
Swift 5.5.1 on macOS 11.6
myLevelIndicator.frameRotation = 90
If you need to reposition the indicator to fit within the view, realize the center of rotation is the origin of the level indicator.
So, to set the rotated level indicator 20px in from the left of the view, compute that for the new frame origin of the level indicator, not forgetting to adjust for the indicators height when it is horizontal because the original height will affect the final position when rotated.
myLevelIndicator.frame.origin = CGPoint(x: self.view.frame.minX+20+myLevelIndicator.frame.height, y: myLevelIndicator.frame.minY)
Of course, this can be avoided by placing the control in the correct position to allow for rotation within IB if that works for you. Some may not be using IB and creating these controls programmatically.
Im trying to do something that seems like it should be a no-brainer. But alas, im too dumb to figure this one out. So i need help.
I have an iphone simulator (with a vertical orientation).
The main view has a subview (a blue UIView) that should be displayed in the bottom 25% of the screen. The final rendered screen would basically look like a white screen with the bottom section being blue.
I want the edges of the subview to hug the screen edge. But thats not the part I'm struggling with. The tricky thing is configuring the height of this subview (and the layout of its contents, if any) when I suddenly rotate the orientation of the simulator. If i do this, then everything looks odd.
I would also like to note that what I see in the Interface Builder (with Auto Layout enabled) looks nothing like the app when it loads in the simulator.
PS - for now i will keep playing around with this. maybe i will eventually reach a eureka moment.
* Updated with screen shots *
This is what my layout looks like in Interface Builder:
And this is what it ends up looking like in the simulator:
* Update 2 *
Ok. After updating my post with the screenshots, it dawned on me that the simulator doesn't look like the 4" screen version (even though it does on my computer screen). After running the 4" simulator i can see the the layout just like the IB layout. But this makes me wonder why auto-layout wasn't "smart" enough to adjust for the smaller 3.5" screen.
It looks to me like you have a fixed height constraint from the top edge of the blue view to the superview that is pushing content down - conversely you may have a fixed height view above it that is smooshing things. Try pinning the top edge of the blue view to the superview and lowering the priority or changing it from an equality to a less than equal to constraint.
In IB in XCode you can change the canvas size for iPhone layouts, look for the single button on the right hand side that looks like a rectangle with arrows above and below, or inside it. In the screenshot below it is the leftmost button.
You could simply turn off Auto Layout. Springs and struts can readily make your subview 25% of the superview's height.
Or, you can certainly stick with it, but you'll need to adjust the constraints in code. There's no way to establish such a constraint in the current version of Xcode. Set constraints in IB to pin the box to the bottom of the window and fix the height, setting an outlet for the height constraint. Then in -viewDidLoad, remove the height constraint and add a new constraint to the superview which expresses the height relationship you want.
This isn't to discourage you from learning Auto Layout, but to point out that it's a bit complicated, and that the constraint tools in IB are unintuitive and relatively weak. The WWDC video Introduction to Auto Layout is a good starting point.
I have an NSView as the document of an NSScrollView. I would like to have a few pixels of padding at the top and bottom of the visible part of the view, regardless of where the scroller is positioned (not just at the top and bottom of the document as described here). For an example of an app that does this, look at Terminal.app. Regardless of the background color of the text, the top two visible rows of pixels are always the default background color.
I know I could simply draw everything two pixels lower and draw a rectangle at the top and bottom of the document-visible rect, but that will require changing a lot of complex code that I didn't write. Simpler ideas are welcomed!
The answer to the question you linked is actually a good solution for this problem too. In fact if your view is anything but an NSTextView, I'd say it's easier to implement.
Specifically: make your actual document view a subview of some other view, leaving room around the edges and make that view the scroll view's document view. If your content view (the one you wish to pad) changes sizes, have your "padding view" observe it for frame changes and resize to maintain the padding.
2015 Update
Content inset has been added to NSScrollView as of 10.10, making my older answer obsolete.