Could not open JPA EntityManager for transaction in spring - spring

Question

I am building a testing application with JPA Hibernate 4.1.7 and Spring 3.1.3 on top.
I am getting a NPE at jta causing JPA EntityManager to fail, here is the stack trace
DEBUG TestContext - Retrieved ApplicationContext for test class [class cvut.dp.foodtables.service.FoodServiceImplTest] from cache with key [[MergedContextConfiguration#61cc1457 testClass = FoodServiceImplTest, locations = '{classpath:/WEB-INF/context/applicationContext.xml}', classes = '{}', activeProfiles = '{}', contextLoader = 'org.springframework.test.context.support.DelegatingSmartContextLoader']].
DEBUG DefaultListableBeanFactory - Returning cached instance of singleton bean 'txManager'
DEBUG JpaTransactionManager - Creating new transaction with name [testSome]: PROPAGATION_REQUIRED,ISOLATION_DEFAULT; ''
DEBUG SessionImpl - Opened session at timestamp: 13525989368
DEBUG TransactionCoordinatorImpl - Skipping JTA sync registration due to auto join checking
DEBUG AbstractEntityManagerImpl - Looking for a JTA transaction to join
WARN TestContextManager - Caught exception while allowing TestExecutionListener [org.springframework.test.context.transaction.TransactionalTestExecutionListener#16f88474] to process 'before' execution of test method [public void cvut.dp.foodtables.service.FoodServiceImplTest.testSome()] for test instance [cvut.dp.foodtables.service.FoodServiceImplTest#3210a146]
org.springframework.transaction.CannotCreateTransactionException: Could not open JPA EntityManager for transaction; nested exception is java.lang.NullPointerException
at org.springframework.orm.jpa.JpaTransactionManager.doBegin(JpaTransactionManager.java:427)
at org.springframework.transaction.support.AbstractPlatformTransactionManager.getTransaction(AbstractPlatformTransactionManager.java:371)
at org.springframework.test.context.transaction.TransactionalTestExecutionListener$TransactionContext.startTransaction(TransactionalTestExecutionListener.java:514)
at org.springframework.test.context.transaction.TransactionalTestExecutionListener.startNewTransaction(TransactionalTestExecutionListener.java:272)
at org.springframework.test.context.transaction.TransactionalTestExecutionListener.beforeTestMethod(TransactionalTestExecutionListener.java:165)
at org.springframework.test.context.TestContextManager.beforeTestMethod(TestContextManager.java:358)
at org.springframework.test.context.junit4.statements.RunBeforeTestMethodCallbacks.evaluate(RunBeforeTestMethodCallbacks.java:73)
at org.springframework.test.context.junit4.statements.RunAfterTestMethodCallbacks.evaluate(RunAfterTestMethodCallbacks.java:83)
at org.springframework.test.context.junit4.statements.SpringRepeat.evaluate(SpringRepeat.java:72)
at org.springframework.test.context.junit4.SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.runChild(SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.java:231)
at org.junit.runners.BlockJUnit4ClassRunner.runChild(BlockJUnit4ClassRunner.java:47)
at org.junit.runners.ParentRunner$3.run(ParentRunner.java:231)
at org.junit.runners.ParentRunner$1.schedule(ParentRunner.java:60)
at org.junit.runners.ParentRunner.runChildren(ParentRunner.java:229)
at org.junit.runners.ParentRunner.access$000(ParentRunner.java:50)
at org.junit.runners.ParentRunner$2.evaluate(ParentRunner.java:222)
at org.springframework.test.context.junit4.statements.RunBeforeTestClassCallbacks.evaluate(RunBeforeTestClassCallbacks.java:61)
at org.springframework.test.context.junit4.statements.RunAfterTestClassCallbacks.evaluate(RunAfterTestClassCallbacks.java:71)
at org.junit.runners.ParentRunner.run(ParentRunner.java:300)
at org.springframework.test.context.junit4.SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.run(SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.java:174)
at org.apache.maven.surefire.junit4.JUnit4TestSet.execute(JUnit4TestSet.java:53)
at org.apache.maven.surefire.junit4.JUnit4Provider.executeTestSet(JUnit4Provider.java:123)
at org.apache.maven.surefire.junit4.JUnit4Provider.invoke(JUnit4Provider.java:104)
at sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke0(Native Method)
at sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(NativeMethodAccessorImpl.java:57)
at sun.reflect.DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.java:43)
at java.lang.reflect.Method.invoke(Method.java:601)
at org.apache.maven.surefire.util.ReflectionUtils.invokeMethodWithArray(ReflectionUtils.java:164)
at org.apache.maven.surefire.booter.ProviderFactory$ProviderProxy.invoke(ProviderFactory.java:110)
at org.apache.maven.surefire.booter.SurefireStarter.invokeProvider(SurefireStarter.java:175)
at org.apache.maven.surefire.booter.SurefireStarter.runSuitesInProcessWhenForked(SurefireStarter.java:107)
at org.apache.maven.surefire.booter.ForkedBooter.main(ForkedBooter.java:68)
Caused by: java.lang.NullPointerException
at org.hibernate.engine.transaction.internal.jta.JtaStatusHelper.getStatus(JtaStatusHelper.java:73)
at org.hibernate.engine.transaction.internal.jta.JtaStatusHelper.isActive(JtaStatusHelper.java:115)
at org.hibernate.engine.transaction.internal.jta.CMTTransaction.join(CMTTransaction.java:149)
at org.hibernate.ejb.AbstractEntityManagerImpl.joinTransaction(AbstractEntityManagerImpl.java:1220)
at org.hibernate.ejb.AbstractEntityManagerImpl.postInit(AbstractEntityManagerImpl.java:178)
at org.hibernate.ejb.EntityManagerImpl.<init>(EntityManagerImpl.java:89)
at org.hibernate.ejb.EntityManagerFactoryImpl.createEntityManager(EntityManagerFactoryImpl.java:179)
at org.springframework.orm.jpa.JpaTransactionManager.createEntityManagerForTransaction(JpaTransactionManager.java:445)
at org.springframework.orm.jpa.JpaTransactionManager.doBegin(JpaTransactionManager.java:366)
... 31 more
DEBUG DirtiesContextTestExecutionListener - After test method: context [[TestContext#5579d6f9 testClass = FoodServiceImplTest, testInstance = cvut.dp.foodtables.service.FoodServiceImplTest#3210a146, testMethod = testSome#FoodServiceImplTest, testException = org.springframework.transaction.CannotCreateTransactionException: Could not open JPA EntityManager for transaction; nested exception is java.lang.NullPointerException, mergedContextConfiguration = [MergedContextConfiguration#61cc1457 testClass = FoodServiceImplTest, locations = '{classpath:/WEB-INF/context/applicationContext.xml}', classes = '{}', activeProfiles = '{}', contextLoader = 'org.springframework.test.context.support.DelegatingSmartContextLoader']]], class dirties context [false], class mode [null], method dirties context [false].
DEBUG DirtiesContextTestExecutionListener - After test class: context [[TestContext#5579d6f9 testClass = FoodServiceImplTest, testInstance = [null], testMethod = [null], testException = [null], mergedContextConfiguration = [MergedContextConfiguration#61cc1457 testClass = FoodServiceImplTest, locations = '{classpath:/WEB-INF/context/applicationContext.xml}', classes = '{}', activeProfiles = '{}', contextLoader = 'org.springframework.test.context.support.DelegatingSmartContextLoader']]], dirtiesContext [false].
Tests run: 1, Failures: 0, Errors: 1, Skipped: 0, Time elapsed: 11.134 sec <<< FAILURE!
I have googled the error to death and still can't find any solution.
Here is the test:
package cvut.dp.foodtables.service;
import static org.junit.Assert.*;
import org.junit.Test;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
public class FoodServiceImplTest extends BaseServiceTest
{
#Autowired
private FoodService foodService;
public FoodServiceImplTest()
{
super();
}
#Test
public void testSome()
{
Long id = foodService.addFood("test", 15, "test");
assertEquals(1, foodService.getAllFood().size());
}
}
Which extends
#RunWith(SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.class)
#ContextConfiguration(locations = {
"classpath:/WEB-INF/context/applicationContext.xml"})
#TransactionConfiguration(defaultRollback=true, transactionManager="txManager")
#Transactional //extend the transactions to whole tests in order to rollback the tests
public class BaseServiceTest
{
public BaseServiceTest()
{
}
}
I presume the error to be somewhere in my configuration, so I won't post all of the sources here...
Here is my applicationContext.xml (edit: changed to 3.1.xds files, no change)
<!--<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>-->
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xmlns:webflow="http://www.springframework.org/schema/webflow-config"
xmlns:faces="http://www.springframework.org/schema/faces"
xmlns:p="http://www.springframework.org/schema/p"
xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
xmlns:tx="http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx"
xmlns:aop="http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop"
xsi:schemaLocation=" http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-2.5.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/webflow-config
http://www.springframework.org/schema/webflow-config/spring-webflow-config-2.0.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/faces
http://www.springframework.org/schema/faces/spring-faces-2.0.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/context
http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context-2.5.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx
http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx/spring-tx-2.5.xsd"
default-autowire="byType"
>
<!-- Enable annotions -->
<context:annotation-config />
<context:component-scan base-package="cvut.dp.foodtables"/>
<!-- #Configurable -->
<context:spring-configured/>
<!-- Property files -->
<bean id="propertyConfigurer" class="org.springframework.beans.factory.config.PropertyPlaceholderConfigurer">
<property name="locations">
<list>
<value>/WEB-INF/properties/jdbc.properties</value>
<value>/WEB-INF/properties/jpa.properties</value>
</list>
</property>
</bean>
<!-- JDBC data source -->
<bean id="dataSource" class="org.apache.commons.dbcp.BasicDataSource" destroy-method="close">
<property name="driverClassName" value="${jdbc.driverClassName}"/>
<property name="url" value="${jdbc.url}"/>
<property name="username" value="${jdbc.username}"/>
<property name="password" value="${jdbc.password}"/>
<property name="initialSize" value="2" />
<property name="minIdle" value="2" />
</bean>
<!-- JPA settings -->
<bean id="entityManagerFactory" class="org.springframework.orm.jpa.LocalContainerEntityManagerFactoryBean">
<property name="dataSource" ref="dataSource"/>
<property name="jpaVendorAdapter">
<bean class="org.springframework.orm.jpa.vendor.HibernateJpaVendorAdapter">
<property name="databasePlatform" value="${jpa.platform}"/>
<property name="generateDdl" value="true"/>
<property name="showSql" value="true"/>
</bean>
</property>
<property name="packagesToScan" value="cvut.dp.foodtables" />
</bean>
<!-- Define transaction manager -->
<bean id="txManager" class="org.springframework.orm.jpa.JpaTransactionManager">
<property name="entityManagerFactory" ref="entityManagerFactory" />
</bean>
<!-- #Transactional support-->
<tx:annotation-driven transaction-manager="txManager" />
</beans>
I don't have persistence.xml
jdbc.properties:
jdbc.driverClassName=org.hibernate.dialect.MySQLDialect
jdbc.url=jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/FoodTables
jdbc.username=root
jpa.properties:
jpa.platform=org.hibernate.dialect.MySQLDialect
Here is web.xml
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<web-app xmlns="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee/web-app_3_0.xsd"
version="3.0">
<!-- SPRING -->
<context-param>
<description>Spring config files</description>
<param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name>
<param-value>
/WEB-INF/context/*.xml
</param-value>
</context-param>
<listener>
<description>Loads Spring on server start</description>
<listener-class>
org.springframework.web.context.ContextLoaderListener
</listener-class>
</listener>
<listener>
<description>Request -> thread association</description>
<listener-class>
org.springframework.web.context.request.RequestContextListener
</listener-class>
</listener>
<!-- SPRING END -->
<session-config>
<session-timeout>
30
</session-timeout>
</session-config>
</web-app>
And my pom.xml
<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
<modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>
<groupId>cvut.dp</groupId>
<artifactId>FoodTables</artifactId>
<version>1.0</version>
<packaging>war</packaging>
<name>FoodTables</name>
<properties>
<endorsed.dir>${project.build.directory}/endorsed</endorsed.dir>
<project.build.sourceEncoding>UTF-8</project.build.sourceEncoding>
</properties>
<dependencies>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.hibernate</groupId>
<artifactId>hibernate-core</artifactId>
<version>4.1.7.Final</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.hibernate</groupId>
<artifactId>hibernate-documentation</artifactId>
<version>3.6.0.Beta2</version>
<type>pom</type>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-core</artifactId>
<version>3.1.3.RELEASE</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-jdbc</artifactId>
<version>3.1.3.RELEASE</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-orm</artifactId>
<version>3.1.3.RELEASE</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-web</artifactId>
<version>3.1.3.RELEASE</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-aspects</artifactId>
<version>3.1.3.RELEASE</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-test</artifactId>
<version>3.1.3.RELEASE</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>log4j</groupId>
<artifactId>log4j</artifactId>
<version>1.2.16</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.aspectj</groupId>
<artifactId>aspectjrt</artifactId>
<version>1.7.1</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>commons-dbcp</groupId>
<artifactId>commons-dbcp</artifactId>
<version>1.4</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.hibernate</groupId>
<artifactId>hibernate-entitymanager</artifactId>
<version>4.1.8.Final</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>junit</groupId>
<artifactId>junit</artifactId>
<version>4.10</version>
<scope>test</scope>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<artifactId>hibernate-jpa-2.0-api</artifactId>
<groupId>org.hibernate.javax.persistence</groupId>
<type>jar</type>
<version>1.0.1.Final</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>cglib</groupId>
<artifactId>cglib</artifactId>
<version>2.2.2</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>mysql</groupId>
<artifactId>mysql-connector-java</artifactId>
<version>5.1.21</version>
</dependency>
</dependencies>
<build>
<testResources>
<testResource>
<directory>src/test/resources</directory>
<filtering>true</filtering>
</testResource>
<testResource>
<directory>src/main/webapp</directory>
<filtering>true</filtering>
<includes>
<include>**/context/applicationContext*.xml</include>
<include>**/properties/*.properties</include>
</includes>
</testResource>
</testResources>
<plugins>
<plugin>
<groupId>org.apache.maven.plugins</groupId>
<artifactId>maven-compiler-plugin</artifactId>
<version>2.3.2</version>
<configuration>
<source>1.6</source>
<target>1.6</target>
<compilerArguments>
<endorseddirs>${endorsed.dir}</endorseddirs>
</compilerArguments>
</configuration>
</plugin>
<plugin>
<groupId>org.apache.maven.plugins</groupId>
<artifactId>maven-war-plugin</artifactId>
<version>2.1.1</version>
<configuration>
<failOnMissingWebXml>false</failOnMissingWebXml>
</configuration>
</plugin>
<plugin>
<groupId>org.apache.maven.plugins</groupId>
<artifactId>maven-dependency-plugin</artifactId>
<version>2.1</version>
<executions>
<execution>
<phase>validate</phase>
<goals>
<goal>copy</goal>
</goals>
<configuration>
<outputDirectory>${endorsed.dir}</outputDirectory>
<silent>true</silent>
<artifactItems>
<artifactItem>
<groupId>javax</groupId>
<artifactId>javaee-endorsed-api</artifactId>
<version>6.0</version>
<type>jar</type>
</artifactItem>
</artifactItems>
</configuration>
</execution>
</executions>
</plugin>
</plugins>
</build>
</project>
The most googled up answer was that I should be setting hibernate.transaction.jta.platform property in persistance.xml, which I don't have. This is my first ever Java EE app and I really don't exactly know what I am doing yet. But this error is frustrating.

Answer 1

I had the same problem. The solution is to use default-autowire="byName" instead of "byType" in your xml configuration. If you have "byType" Spring automatically autowire also the property "jtaDataSource" in the LocalContainerEntityManagerFactoryBean with your definied datasource bean.

Answer 2

While jens answer is correct and solves your problem, i just wanted to add that you don't have to change the default-autowiring for this. You can also set that on every bean itself.
<bean id="entityManagerFactory" class="org.springframework.orm.jpa.LocalContainerEntityManagerFactoryBean"
autowire="byName">
...
Now you still have byType-autowiring on all of your beans except "entityManagerFactory"

Answer 3

This is no password entry defined in your jdbc.projects.
<property name="password" value="${jdbc.password}"/>
It is better to create a standalone user/password for your projects, do not use root in your production.

Answer 4

Try adding a "META-INF/persistence.xml":
<persistence xmlns="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/persistence" version="1.0">
<persistence-unit name="myUnit" transaction-type="RESOURCE_LOCAL">
</persistence-unit>
</persistence>
Putting a breakpoint at org.springframework.orm.jpa.persistenceunit.MutablePersistenceUnitInfo line 91 (PersistenceUnitTransactionType getTransactionType()) might also help you determine why spring thinks you have a jta-datasource or transaction type.