I am working on the following bash script:
# contents of dbfake file
1 100% file 1
2 99% file name 2
3 100% file name 3
#!/bin/bash
# cat out data
cat dbfake |
# select lines containing 100%
grep 100% |
# print the first and third columns
awk '{print $1, $3}' |
# echo out id and file name and log
xargs -rI % sh -c '{ echo %; echo "%" >> "fake.log"; }'
exit 0
This script works ok, but how do I print everything in column $3 and then all columns after?
You can use cut instead of awk in this case:
cut -f1,3- -d ' '
awk '{ $2 = ""; print }' # remove col 2
If you don't mind a little whitespace:
awk '{ $2="" }1'
But UUOC and grep:
< dbfake awk '/100%/ { $2="" }1' | ...
If you'd like to trim that whitespace:
< dbfake awk '/100%/ { $2=""; sub(FS "+", FS) }1' | ...
For fun, here's another way using GNU sed:
< dbfake sed -r '/100%/s/^(\S+)\s+\S+(.*)/\1\2/' | ...
All you need is:
awk 'sub(/.*100% /,"")' dbfake | tee "fake.log"
Others responded in various ways, but I want to point that using xargs to multiplex output is rather bad idea.
Instead, why don't you:
awk '$2=="100%" { sub("100%[[:space:]]*",""); print; print >>"fake.log"}' dbfake
That's all. You don't need grep, you don't need multiple pipes, and definitely you don't need to fork shell for every line you're outputting.
You could do awk ...; print}' | tee fake.log, but there is not much point in forking tee, if awk can handle it as well.
Related
I have a troublesome problem about writing specific columns of the file into another file, more details are I have the file1 like below, I need to write the first columns exclude the first row to file2 with one line and separated with '|' sign. And now I have a solution by sed and awk, this missing last step inserts into the top of file2, even though I still believe there should be some more concise solution on account of powerful of awk、sed, etc. So, Who can offer me another more concise script?
sed '1d;s/ .//' ./file1 | awk '{printf "%s|", $1; }' | awk '{if (NR != 0) {print substr($1, 1, length($1) - 1)}}'
file1:
col_name data_type comment
aaa string null
bbb int null
ccc int null
file2:
xxx ccc(whatever is this)
The result of file2 should be this :
aaa|bbb|ccc
xxx ccc(whatever is this)
Assuming there's no whitespace in the column 1 data, in increasing length:
sed -i "1i$(awk 'NR > 1 {print $1}' file1 | paste -sd '|')" file2
or
ed file2 <<END
1i
$(awk 'NR > 1 {print $1}' file1 | paste -sd '|')
.
wq
END
or
{ awk 'NR > 1 {print $1}' file1 | paste -sd '|'; cat file2; } | sponge file2
or
mapfile -t lines < <(tail -n +2 file1)
col1=( "${lines[#]%%[[:blank:]]*}" )
new=$(IFS='|'; echo "${col1[*]}"; cat file2)
echo "$new" > file2
This might work for you (GNU sed):
sed -z 's/[^\n]*\n//;s/\(\S*\).*/\1/mg;y/\n/|/;s/|$/\n/;r file2' file1
Process file1 "wholemeal" by using the -z command line option.
Remove the first line.
Remove all columns other than the first.
Replace newlines by |'s
Replace the last | by a newline.
Append file2.
Alternative using just command line utils:
tail +2 file1 | cut -d' ' -f1 | paste -s -d'|' | cat - file2
Tail file1 from line 2 onwards.
Using the results from the tail command, isolate the first column using a space as the column delimiter.
Using the results from the cut command, serialize each line into one, delimited by |',s.
Using the results from the paste, append file2 using the cat command.
I'm learning awk at the moment.
awk 'BEGIN{a=""} {if(NR>1) a = a $1 "|"} END{a=substr(a, 1, length(a)-1); print a}' file1
Edit: Here's another version that uses an array:
awk 'NR > 1 {a[++n]=$1} END{for(i=1; i<=n; ++i){if(i>1) printf("|"); printf("%s", a[i])} printf("\n")}' file1
Here is a simple Awk script to merge the files as per your spec.
awk '# From the first file, merge all lines except the first
NR == FNR { if (FNR > 1) { printf "%s%s", sep, $1; sep = "|"; } next }
# We are in the second file; add a newline after data from first file
FNR == 1 { printf "\n" }
# Simply print all lines from file2
1' file1 file2
The NR==FNR condition is true when we are reading the first input file: The overall line number NR is equal to the line number within the current file FNR. The final 1 is a common idiom for printing all input lines which make it this far into the script (the next in the first block prevent lines from the first file to reaching this far).
For conciseness, you can remove the comments.
awk 'NR == FNR { if (FNR > 1) { printf "%s%s", sep, $1; sep = "|"; } next }
FNR == 1 { printf "\n" } 1' file1 file2
Generally speaking, Awk can do everything sed can do, so piping sed into Awk (or vice versa) is nearly always a useless use of sed.
I am really struggling to add a new column with the line number in the terminal to a pipe delimited file
My current file looks like this:
ID|FirstName|LastName
12|John|Svernson
23|Mark|Wright
11|Chris|Watson
And I want the file to look like the following:
LN|ID|FirstName|LastName
1|12|John|Svernson
2|23|Mark|Wright
3|11|Chris|Watson
I have over 90k lines. I couldn't find a way to do this. Any help or guidance would be appreciated. Thanks
A fun alternative:
{ echo LN; seq $(( $(wc -l < file) - 1 )); } | paste -d'|' - file
although in reality I'd use
awk '{print (NR==1 ? "LN" : NR-1), $0}' OFS="|" file
could you please try following.
awk 'FNR==1{print "LN|"$0;next} {$1=++count "|" $1} 1' Input_file
To write output into Input_file itself append > temp_file && mv temp_file Input_file in above code too.
Use awk variable NR (record number):
awk -F'|' 'NR==1{print "LN" FS $0}NR!=1{print NR-1 FS $0}' file
I would use nl. You may run into issues if your line number goes over 6 digits, but you can add a -w to increase the number width if you need to:
{ read line; echo "LN|$line"; cat | nl -w 10 -ba -s \|; } < input |
sed 's/^ *//';
I am trying out one script in which a file [ file.txt ] has so many columns like
abc|pqr|lmn|123
pqr|xzy|321|azy
lee|cha| |325
xyz| |abc|123
I would like to get the column list in bash script using awk command if column is empty it should print blank else print the column value
I have tried the below possibilities but it is not working
cat file.txt | awk -F "|" {'print $2'} | sed -e 's/^$/blank/' // Using awk and sed
cat file.txt | awk -F "|" '!$2 {print "blank"} '
cat file.txt | awk -F "|" '{if ($2 =="" ) print "blank" } '
please let me know how can we do that using awk or any other bash tools.
Thanks
I think what you're looking for is
awk -F '|' '{print match($2, /[^ ]/) ? $2 : "blank"}' file.txt
match(str, regex) returns the position in str of the first match of regex, or 0 if there is no match. So in this case, it will return a non-zero value if there is some non-blank character in field 2. Note that in awk, the index of the first character in a string is 1, not 0.
Here, I'm assuming that you're interested only in a single column.
If you wanted to be able to specify the replacement string from a bash variable, the best solution would be to pass the bash variable into the awk program using the -v switch:
awk -F '|' -v blank="$replacement" \
'{print match($2, /[^ ]/) ? $2 : blank}' file.txt
This mechanism avoids problems with escaping metacharacters.
You can do it using this sed script:
sed -r 's/\| +\|/\|blank\|/g' File
abc|pqr|lmn|123
pqr|xzy|321|azy
lee|cha|blank|325
xyz|blank|abc|123
If you don't want the |:
sed -r 's/\| +\|/\|blank\|/g; s/\|/ /g' File
abc pqr lmn 123
pqr xzy 321 azy
lee cha blank 325
xyz blank abc 123
Else with awk:
awk '{gsub(/\| +\|/,"|blank|")}1' File
abc|pqr|lmn|123
pqr|xzy|321|azy
lee|cha|blank|325
xyz|blank|abc|123
You can use awk like this:
awk 'BEGIN{FS=OFS="|"} {for (i=1; i<=NF; i++) if ($i ~ /^ *$/) $i="blank"} 1' file
abc|pqr|lmn|123
pqr|xzy|321|azy
lee|cha|blank|325
xyz|blank|abc|123
I put together this shell script to do two things:
Change the delimiters in a data file ('::' to ',' in this case)
Select the columns and I want and append them to a new file
It works but I want a better way to do this. I specifically want to find an alternative method for exploding each line into an array. Using command line arguments doesn't seem like the way to go. ANY COMMENTS ARE WELCOME.
# Takes :: separated file as 1st parameters
SOURCE=$1
# create csv target file
TARGET=${SOURCE/dat/csv}
touch $TARGET
echo #userId,itemId > $TARGET
IFS=","
while read LINE
do
# Replaces all matches of :: with a ,
CSV_LINE=${LINE//::/,}
set -- $CSV_LINE
echo "$1,$2" >> $TARGET
done < $SOURCE
Instead of set, you can use an array:
arr=($CSV_LINE)
echo "${arr[0]},${arr[1]}"
The following would print columns 1 and 2 from infile.dat. Replace with
a comma-separated list of the numbered columns you do want.
awk 'BEGIN { IFS='::'; OFS=","; } { print $1, $2 }' infile.dat > infile.csv
Perl probably has a 1 liner to do it.
Awk can probably do it easily too.
My first reaction is a combination of awk and sed:
Sed to convert the delimiters
Awk to process specific columns
cat inputfile | sed -e 's/::/,/g' | awk -F, '{print $1, $2}'
# Or to avoid a UUOC award (and prolong the life of your keyboard by 3 characters
sed -e 's/::/,/g' inputfile | awk -F, '{print $1, $2}'
awk is indeed the right tool for the job here, it's a simple one-liner.
$ cat test.in
a::b::c
d::e::f
g::h::i
$ awk -F:: -v OFS=, '{$1=$1;print;print $2,$3 >> "altfile"}' test.in
a,b,c
d,e,f
g,h,i
$ cat altfile
b,c
e,f
h,i
$
I have one of my large file as
foo:43:sdfasd:daasf
bar:51:werrwr:asdfa
qux:34:werdfs:asdfa
foo:234:dfasdf:dasf
qux:345:dsfasd:erwe
...............
here 1st column foo, bar and qux etc. are file names. and 2nd column 43,51, 34 etc. are line numbers. I want to print Nth line(specified by 2nd column) for each file(specified in 1st column).
How can I automate above in unix shell.
Actually above file is generated while compiling and I want to print warning line in code.
-Thanks,
while IFS=: read name line rest
do
head -n $line $name | tail -1
done < input.txt
while IFS=: read file line message; do
echo "$file:$line - $message:"
sed -n "${line}p" "$file"
done <yourfilehere
awk 'NR==4 {print}' yourfilename
or
cat yourfilename | awk 'NR==4 {print}'
The above one will work for 4th line in your file.You can change the number as per your requirement.
Just in awk, but probably worse performance than answers by #kev or #MarkReed.
However it does process each file just once. Requires GNU awk
gawk -F: '
BEGIN {OFS=FS}
{
files[$1] = 1
lines[$1] = lines[$1] " " $2
msgs[$1, $2] = $3
}
END {
for (file in files) {
split(lines[file], l, " ")
n = asort(l)
count = 0
for (i=1; i<=n; i++) {
while (++count <= l[i])
getline line < file
print file, l[i], msgs[file, l[i]]
print line
}
close(file)
}
}
'
This might work for you:
sed 's/^\([^,]*\),\([^,]*\).*/sed -n "\2p" \1/' file |
sort -k4,4 |
sed ':a;$!N;s/^\(.*\)\(".*\)\n.*"\(.*\)\2/\1;\3\2/;ta;P;D' |
sh
sed -nr '3{s/^([^:]*):([^:]*):.*$/\1 \2/;p}' namesNnumbers.txt
qux 34
-n no output by default,
-r regular expressions (simplifies using the parens)
in line 3 do {...;p} (print in the end)
s ubstitute foobarbaz with foo bar
So to work with the values:
fnUln=$(sed -nr '3{s/^([^:]*):([^:]*):.*$/\1 \2/;p}' namesNnumbers.txt)
fn=$(echo ${fnUln/ */})
ln=$(echo ${fnUln/* /})
sed -n "${ln}p" "$fn"