When check it in Opera Mobile Emulator and on devices, it appears, that styles for wvgaPort apply only at 599px, then for 800 - at 1200, for 1024 at 1533. Why does it happen? And what is a better why to define these media rules?
/* Media */
$wvgaPort: 400px
$wvgaLand: 800px
$wsvgaPort: 600px
$wsvgaLand: 1024px
$desktop: 1280px
=apply-to($media)
#if $media == smartPort
#media only screen and (min-device-width: $wvgaPort) and (max-device-width: $wsvgaPort) and (orientation: portrait)
#content
#else if $media == smartLand
#media only screen and (min-device-width: $wvgaLand) and (max-device-width: $wsvgaLand) and (orientation: landscape)
#content
#else if $media == tabPort
#media only screen and (min-device-width: $wsvgaPort + 1) and (max-device-width: $desktop) and (orientation: portrait)
#content
#else if $media == tabLand
#media only screen and (min-device-width: $wsvgaLand + 1) and (max-device-width: $desktop) and (orientation: landscape)
#content
html, body
+apply-to(smartPort)
font-size: 87.5% !important
#header
+apply-to(smartPort)
background: red
color: #000
+apply-to(smartLand)
background: blue
Here is the output CSS for what you've written.
#media only screen and (min-device-width: 400px) and (max-device-width: 600px) and (orientation: portrait) {
html, body {
font-size: 87.5% !important;
}
}
#media only screen and (min-device-width: 400px) and (max-device-width: 600px) and (orientation: portrait) {
#header {
background: red;
color: black;
}
}
#media only screen and (min-device-width: 800px) and (max-device-width: 1024px) and (orientation: landscape) {
#header {
background: blue;
}
}
Your #header will only, and I do mean only, have the styles background: red; color: black between 400px and 600px when in portrait and will only, and again I mean only, have the style background: blue; applied to it between 800px and 1024px in landscape. You've got some very very stringent media queries there. By specifying min-width, max-width, and orientation for each media query (not to mention the media type), you are locking your styles to only applying at those specific places, and nowhere else. This is very unsustainable and leads to the confused styling you're seeing.
If I were you, I'd take an entirely different approach to this. You should be starting with your content first, choosing breakpoint when your design breaks (not where devices live), and be much more liberal with when a media query can apply. I've done quite a few presentations on this, my Responsive Web Design with Sass+Compass should help you get a better understanding of what tools are already available to you for building responsively with Sass (and how to choose breakpoints), and Style Prototyping will show you a set of tools/techniques/reasons why and how to design content first.
Related
This is my website:https://pcshiraz.ir
My carousel image height is not responsive, I can not find solution.
Hi you can add this Stylesheet i've tried in your website with inspect element it's worked!
/* Medium devices (landscape tablets, 768px and up) */
#media only screen and (min-width: 768px) and (max-width: 991px) {
.carousel-inner {
height: 400px;
}
.carousel-item, .carousel-item img {
height: 400px;
width:100%;
}
}
/* Extra small devices (phones, 600px and down) */
#media only screen and (max-width: 767px) {
.carousel-inner {
height: 160px;
}
.carousel-item, .carousel-item img {
height: 160px;
width:100%
}
}
Here is Result
You can't handle the problem with carousel-item active . You can try col-md-6 or col-sm-12
instead of carousel-item active. In this way height will be autosized.
You need to use
.carousel {
min-height: auto;
}
or try using
.carousel {
min-height: 100%;
}
Try using viewheight,
.carousel{
min-height: 100vh;
height: 100vh;
}
Viewheight takes % of screen view. 50vh means it will take up 50% of your display. 100vh will take up 100% of your display.
Just add width: 100% on your slide <img /> tag. If you are using bootstrap use w-100 class or smth. But be aware that SEO will kick your ass for shrinking images like that, you might want to use several images and show them dependent on screen size.
How to achieve this media query with sass breakpoint? ...
#media only screen
and (min-device-width: 375px)
and (max-device-width: 667px)
and (-webkit-min-device-pixel-ratio: 2)
and (orientation: landscape)
I've tried this, but it affects the desktop version as well ...
$mobileLandscape: screen and (min-device-width: 375px) and (max-device-width: 667px) and (-webkit-min-device-pixel-ratio: 2) and (orientation: landscape);
#include breakpoint($mobileLandscape) {
}
This is how to achieve what you want with breakpoint sass (breakpoint-sass bower package).
I have tried it in chrome (and simulate device with web developper tools) and it works.
// With third-party tool
// Breakpoint https://github.com/at-import/breakpoint
// You can find installation instructions here https://github.com/at-import/breakpoint/wiki/Installation
$mobile-landscape-breakpoint: 'only screen' 375px 667px, (-webkit-min-device-pixel-ratio 2), (orientation landscape);
body {
#include breakpoint($mobile-landscape-breakpoint) {
color: blue;
}
}
If breakpoint seems too complicated, You can achieve this with your own code.
For example :
// With Variable
$mobileLandscape: "only screen and (min-device-width: 375px) and (max-device-width: 667px) and (-webkit-min-device-pixel-ratio: 2) and (orientation: landscape)";
#media #{$mobileLandscape} {
body {
color: red;
}
}
// With Mixin
#mixin mq($breakpoint){
#if $breakpoint == "mobile-landscape"{
#media only screen and (min-device-width: 375px) and (max-device-width: 667px) and (-webkit-min-device-pixel-ratio: 2) and (orientation: landscape){
#content;
}
}
}
body{
#include mq("mobile-landscape"){
color: green;
}
}
I'm trying to combine the use of a Sass variable with #media queries as follows:
$base_width:1160px;
#media screen and (max-width: 1170px) {$base_width: 960px;}
#media screen and (min-width: 1171px) {$base_width: 1160px;}
$base_width is then defined at various points in the stylesheet width percentage-based measurements to produce fluid layouts.
When I do this, the variable seems to be recognized properly but the conditions for the media query are not. For example, the above code produces an 1160px layout regardless of screen width. If I flip-flop the #media statements like so:
#media screen and (min-width: 1171px) {$base_width: 1160px;}
#media screen and (max-width: 1170px) {$base_width: 960px;}
It produces a 960px layout, again regardless of screen width. Also note that if I remove the first line of $base_width: 1160px; it returns an error for an undefined variable. Any ideas what I'm missing?
This is simply not possible. Since the trigger #media screen and (max-width: 1170px) happens on the client-side.
Achieving your expected result would only be possible if SASS grabbed all rules and properties in your stylesheet containing your $base_width variable and copied/changed them accordingly.
Since it won't work automatically you could do it by hand like this:
#media screen and (max-width: 1170px)
$base_width: 960px // you need to indent it to (re)set it just within this media-query
// now you copy all the css rules/properties that contain or are relative to $base_width e.g.
#wrapper
width: $base_width
...
#media screen and (min-width: 1171px)
$base_width: 1160px
#wrapper
width: $base_width
...
This is not really DRY but the best you can do.
If the changes are the same every time you could also prepare a mixin containing all the changing values, so you wouldn't need to repeat it. Additionally you can try to combine the mixin with specific changes. Like:
#media screen and (min-width: 1171px)
+base_width_changes(1160px)
#width-1171-specific-element // additional specific changes, that aren't in the mixin
display: block
And the Mixin would look like this
=base_width_changes($base_width)
#wrapper
width: $base_width
Similar to Philipp Zedler's answer, you can do it with a mixin. That lets you have everything in a single file if you want.
#mixin styling($base-width) {
// your SCSS here, e.g.
#Contents {
width: $base-width;
}
}
#media screen and (max-width: 1170px) {
#include styling($base-width: 960px);
}
#media screen and (min-width: 1171px) {
#include styling($base-width: 1160px);
}
This isn't possible with SASS, but it is possible with CSS variables (or CSS custom properties). The only drawback is browser support – but there's actually a PostCSS plugin - postcss-css-variables - that "flattens" the use of CSS variables (which gives you support for older browsers, too).
The following example works great with SASS (and with postcss-css-variables you get support for older browsers too).
SCSS
$mq-laptop: 1440px;
$mq-desktop: 1680px;
:root {
--font-size-regular: 14px;
--gutter: 1rem;
}
// The fact that we have to use a `max-width` media query here, so as to not
// overlap with the next media query, is a quirk of postcss-css-variables
#media (min-width: $mq-laptop) and (max-width: $mq-desktop - 1px) {
:root {
--font-size-regular: 16px;
--gutter: 1.5rem;
}
}
#media (min-width: $mq-desktop) {
:root {
--font-size-regular: 18px;
--gutter: 1.75rem;
}
}
.my-element {
font-size: var(--font-size-regular);
padding: 0 calc(var(--gutter) / 2);
}
This would result in the following CSS. The repetitive media queries will increase the file size, but I have found that the increase is usually negligible once the web server applies gzip (which it will usually do automatically).
CSS
.my-element {
font-size: 14px;
padding: 0 calc(1rem / 2);
}
#media (min-width: 1680px) {
.my-element {
padding: 0 calc(1.75rem / 2);
}
}
#media (min-width: 1440px) and (max-width: 1679px) {
.my-element {
padding: 0 calc(1.5rem / 2);
}
}
#media (min-width: 1680px) {
.my-element {
font-size: 18px;
}
}
#media (min-width: 1440px) and (max-width: 1679px) {
.my-element {
font-size: 16px;
}
}
Edit: Please do not use this solution. The answer by ronen is much better.
As a DRY solution, you can use the #import statement inside a media query, e.g. like this.
#media screen and (max-width: 1170px) {
$base_width: 960px;
#import "responsive_elements";
}
#media screen and (min-width: 1171px) {
$base_width: 1160px;
#import "responsive_elements";
}
You define all responsive elements in the file included using the variables defined in the media query. So, all you need to repeat is the import statement.
With #ronen's great answer and a map, there's some real power available:
#mixin styling($map) {
.myDiv {
background: map-get($map, 'foo');
font-size: map-get($map, 'bar');
}
}
#media (min-height: 500px) {
#include styling((
foo: green,
bar: 50px
));
}
#media (min-height: 1000px) {
#include styling((
foo: red,
bar: 100px
));
}
It's now possible to have lots more DRY media queries targeting .myDiv with a bunch of different values.
Map docs: https://sass-lang.com/documentation/functions/map
Example map usage: https://www.sitepoint.com/using-sass-maps/
I had the same problem.
The $menu-width variable should be 240px on the mobile view #media only screen and (max-width : 768px) and 340px on the desktop view.
So i have simply created two variables:
$menu-width: 340px;
$menu-mobile-width: 240px;
And here is how i have used it:
.menu {
width: $menu-width;
#media only screen and (max-width : 768px) {
width: $menu-mobile-width;
}
}
Two recommendations
1
Write your "default" CSS statements to be for small screens and only use media queries for larger screens. There's usually no need for a max-width media query.
Example (assuming the element has class "container")
#mixin min-width($width) {
#media screen and (max-width: $width) {
#content;
}
}
.container {
width: 960px;
#include min-width(1170px) {
width: 1160px;
}
}
2 Use CSS variables to solve the problem, if you can.
#mixin min-width($width) {
#media screen and (max-width: $width) {
#content;
}
}
:root {
--container-width: 960px;
#include min-width(1170px) {
--container-width: 1160px;
}
}
.container {
width: var(--container-width);
}
Note:
Since it will have the width of 1160px when the window has a width of 1170px, it may be better to use a width of 100% and max-width of 1160px, and the parent element might have a horizontal padding of 5px, as long as the box-sizing property is set to border-box. There are a lot of ways to solve the problem. If the parent is not a flex or grid container you might use .container { margin: auto }.
This is also possible with %placeholders.
%placeholders can be wrapped in media queries. So you could set up multiple variables to use at different screen sizes, and then the placeholders would automagically pre-process accordingly. I'm using some mixins to shorten my media query declarations here also.
In your _vars.scss file:
$width-1: 960px;
$width-2: 1160px;
In your _placeholders.scss file:
%variable-site-width {
#media screen and (max-width: 1170px) { width: $width-1; }
#media screen and (min-width: 1171px) { width: $width-2; }
}
In your page.scss file:
.wrapper. { #extend %variable-site-width; background: red; etc... }
And this will compile to something similar to:
#media screen and (max-width: 1170px) {
.wrapper { width: 960px; }
}
#media screen and (min-width: 1171px) {
.wrapper { width: 1160px; }
}
Voila!
I use this technique extensively for things like variable font sizes and a raft of other things.
I'm building a site that's 1450px width.
There's a logo that's flushed right of the 1450px max-width at the top of the site, followed by a 1450px-width image underneath.
I want to keep it this way, but when resizing the screen for tablet or mobile, the logo remains flushed all the way to the right.
I want to add about 20px padding to the right of the logo, so it's not flushed to the edge on mobile and tablet screens, but make it aligned with the 1450px image (and flushed to edge of image) for desktop screens.
How do I do this?
You could try this code below:
<style>
#media only screen and (max-width: 800px) { ... }
</style>
This will apply the css in the { ... } to devices that have a screen width of a maximum of 800x.
You could set .logo padding-right:20px; and it will only apply to smaller screens.
You need to use media query view port in css
in CSS you need these tags
#media screen and (max-width: 480px) {
Inside here you add what you want changed for this screen
}
EG:
a {
padding: 20px; // Original
}
#media screen and (max-width: 480px) {
a {
padding: 10px; // only applies to screens up to 480 px view port
}
Best of luck do some more research there is lot on this Google for " Responsive Design "
Addition:
You can have as many view-ports or SCREENS in one CSS as you want, so you can change properties on any size you need. :)
thanks for your help.
Here's the code I used and it works now. (I needed margin, not padding, btw, because the padding was actually squishing the width of the image).
img.logo
{
width: 200px;
float: right;
padding-top: 20px;
padding-bottom: 20px;
}
#media all and (max-width: 1450px) {
img.logo
{
margin-right:20px;
}
}
I'm trying to combine the use of a Sass variable with #media queries as follows:
$base_width:1160px;
#media screen and (max-width: 1170px) {$base_width: 960px;}
#media screen and (min-width: 1171px) {$base_width: 1160px;}
$base_width is then defined at various points in the stylesheet width percentage-based measurements to produce fluid layouts.
When I do this, the variable seems to be recognized properly but the conditions for the media query are not. For example, the above code produces an 1160px layout regardless of screen width. If I flip-flop the #media statements like so:
#media screen and (min-width: 1171px) {$base_width: 1160px;}
#media screen and (max-width: 1170px) {$base_width: 960px;}
It produces a 960px layout, again regardless of screen width. Also note that if I remove the first line of $base_width: 1160px; it returns an error for an undefined variable. Any ideas what I'm missing?
This is simply not possible. Since the trigger #media screen and (max-width: 1170px) happens on the client-side.
Achieving your expected result would only be possible if SASS grabbed all rules and properties in your stylesheet containing your $base_width variable and copied/changed them accordingly.
Since it won't work automatically you could do it by hand like this:
#media screen and (max-width: 1170px)
$base_width: 960px // you need to indent it to (re)set it just within this media-query
// now you copy all the css rules/properties that contain or are relative to $base_width e.g.
#wrapper
width: $base_width
...
#media screen and (min-width: 1171px)
$base_width: 1160px
#wrapper
width: $base_width
...
This is not really DRY but the best you can do.
If the changes are the same every time you could also prepare a mixin containing all the changing values, so you wouldn't need to repeat it. Additionally you can try to combine the mixin with specific changes. Like:
#media screen and (min-width: 1171px)
+base_width_changes(1160px)
#width-1171-specific-element // additional specific changes, that aren't in the mixin
display: block
And the Mixin would look like this
=base_width_changes($base_width)
#wrapper
width: $base_width
Similar to Philipp Zedler's answer, you can do it with a mixin. That lets you have everything in a single file if you want.
#mixin styling($base-width) {
// your SCSS here, e.g.
#Contents {
width: $base-width;
}
}
#media screen and (max-width: 1170px) {
#include styling($base-width: 960px);
}
#media screen and (min-width: 1171px) {
#include styling($base-width: 1160px);
}
This isn't possible with SASS, but it is possible with CSS variables (or CSS custom properties). The only drawback is browser support – but there's actually a PostCSS plugin - postcss-css-variables - that "flattens" the use of CSS variables (which gives you support for older browsers, too).
The following example works great with SASS (and with postcss-css-variables you get support for older browsers too).
SCSS
$mq-laptop: 1440px;
$mq-desktop: 1680px;
:root {
--font-size-regular: 14px;
--gutter: 1rem;
}
// The fact that we have to use a `max-width` media query here, so as to not
// overlap with the next media query, is a quirk of postcss-css-variables
#media (min-width: $mq-laptop) and (max-width: $mq-desktop - 1px) {
:root {
--font-size-regular: 16px;
--gutter: 1.5rem;
}
}
#media (min-width: $mq-desktop) {
:root {
--font-size-regular: 18px;
--gutter: 1.75rem;
}
}
.my-element {
font-size: var(--font-size-regular);
padding: 0 calc(var(--gutter) / 2);
}
This would result in the following CSS. The repetitive media queries will increase the file size, but I have found that the increase is usually negligible once the web server applies gzip (which it will usually do automatically).
CSS
.my-element {
font-size: 14px;
padding: 0 calc(1rem / 2);
}
#media (min-width: 1680px) {
.my-element {
padding: 0 calc(1.75rem / 2);
}
}
#media (min-width: 1440px) and (max-width: 1679px) {
.my-element {
padding: 0 calc(1.5rem / 2);
}
}
#media (min-width: 1680px) {
.my-element {
font-size: 18px;
}
}
#media (min-width: 1440px) and (max-width: 1679px) {
.my-element {
font-size: 16px;
}
}
Edit: Please do not use this solution. The answer by ronen is much better.
As a DRY solution, you can use the #import statement inside a media query, e.g. like this.
#media screen and (max-width: 1170px) {
$base_width: 960px;
#import "responsive_elements";
}
#media screen and (min-width: 1171px) {
$base_width: 1160px;
#import "responsive_elements";
}
You define all responsive elements in the file included using the variables defined in the media query. So, all you need to repeat is the import statement.
With #ronen's great answer and a map, there's some real power available:
#mixin styling($map) {
.myDiv {
background: map-get($map, 'foo');
font-size: map-get($map, 'bar');
}
}
#media (min-height: 500px) {
#include styling((
foo: green,
bar: 50px
));
}
#media (min-height: 1000px) {
#include styling((
foo: red,
bar: 100px
));
}
It's now possible to have lots more DRY media queries targeting .myDiv with a bunch of different values.
Map docs: https://sass-lang.com/documentation/functions/map
Example map usage: https://www.sitepoint.com/using-sass-maps/
I had the same problem.
The $menu-width variable should be 240px on the mobile view #media only screen and (max-width : 768px) and 340px on the desktop view.
So i have simply created two variables:
$menu-width: 340px;
$menu-mobile-width: 240px;
And here is how i have used it:
.menu {
width: $menu-width;
#media only screen and (max-width : 768px) {
width: $menu-mobile-width;
}
}
Two recommendations
1
Write your "default" CSS statements to be for small screens and only use media queries for larger screens. There's usually no need for a max-width media query.
Example (assuming the element has class "container")
#mixin min-width($width) {
#media screen and (max-width: $width) {
#content;
}
}
.container {
width: 960px;
#include min-width(1170px) {
width: 1160px;
}
}
2 Use CSS variables to solve the problem, if you can.
#mixin min-width($width) {
#media screen and (max-width: $width) {
#content;
}
}
:root {
--container-width: 960px;
#include min-width(1170px) {
--container-width: 1160px;
}
}
.container {
width: var(--container-width);
}
Note:
Since it will have the width of 1160px when the window has a width of 1170px, it may be better to use a width of 100% and max-width of 1160px, and the parent element might have a horizontal padding of 5px, as long as the box-sizing property is set to border-box. There are a lot of ways to solve the problem. If the parent is not a flex or grid container you might use .container { margin: auto }.
This is also possible with %placeholders.
%placeholders can be wrapped in media queries. So you could set up multiple variables to use at different screen sizes, and then the placeholders would automagically pre-process accordingly. I'm using some mixins to shorten my media query declarations here also.
In your _vars.scss file:
$width-1: 960px;
$width-2: 1160px;
In your _placeholders.scss file:
%variable-site-width {
#media screen and (max-width: 1170px) { width: $width-1; }
#media screen and (min-width: 1171px) { width: $width-2; }
}
In your page.scss file:
.wrapper. { #extend %variable-site-width; background: red; etc... }
And this will compile to something similar to:
#media screen and (max-width: 1170px) {
.wrapper { width: 960px; }
}
#media screen and (min-width: 1171px) {
.wrapper { width: 1160px; }
}
Voila!
I use this technique extensively for things like variable font sizes and a raft of other things.