Autotools CFLAGS and LDFLAGS not working - makefile

Question

I'm trying to compile a program using GNU Autotools. In my configure.ac I have the following line:
PKG_CHECK_MODULES([DEPS], [cairo], [], [AC_MSG_ERROR([Missing Cairo library])])
My src/Makefile.am looks like this:
bin_PROGRAMS = main
main_SOURCES = main.cpp window.cpp window.h button.cpp button.h
main_CFLAGS = $(DEPS_CFLAGS)
main_LDFLAGS = $(DEPS_LIBS)
In my Makefile, I've echoed $(DEPS_CFLAGS) and $(DEPS_LIBS) to confirm they have the correct values.
However, compiling fails, saying that it couldn't find a header file that should be in CFLAGS:
g++ -DPACKAGE_NAME=\"toolkit\" -DPACKAGE_TARNAME=\"toolkit\" -DPACKAGE_VERSION=\"0.0.1\" -DPACKAGE_STRING=\"toolkit\ 0.0.1\" -DPACKAGE_BUGREPORT=\"gsingh2011#gmail.com\" -DPACKAGE_URL=\"\" -DPACKAGE=\"toolkit\" -DVERSION=\"0.0.1\" -DSTDC_HEADERS=1 -DHAVE_SYS_TYPES_H=1 -DHAVE_SYS_STAT_H=1 -DHAVE_STDLIB_H=1 -DHAVE_STRING_H=1 -DHAVE_MEMORY_H=1 -DHAVE_STRINGS_H=1 -DHAVE_INTTYPES_H=1 -DHAVE_STDINT_H=1 -DHAVE_UNISTD_H=1 -DHAVE_STDINT_H=1 -DHAVE_UNISTD_H=1 -DHAVE__BOOL=1 -I. -g -O2 -MT button.o -MD -MP -MF .deps/button.Tpo -c -o button.o button.cpp
button.cpp:4:23: fatal error: cairo-xcb.h: No such file or directory
#include <cairo-xcb.h>
^
compilation terminated.
make[1]: *** [button.o] Error 1
make[1]: Leaving directory `/mnt/ubuntu/home/gulshan/code/x11/toolkit/src'
make: *** [all-recursive] Error 1
This looks like the target that generated that error. You can see it doesn't mention anything about CFLAGS:
.cpp.o:
$(AM_V_CXX)$(CXXCOMPILE) -MT $# -MD -MP -MF $(DEPDIR)/$*.Tpo -c -o $# $<
$(AM_V_at)$(am__mv) $(DEPDIR)/$*.Tpo $(DEPDIR)/$*.Po
# $(AM_V_CXX)source='$<' object='$#' libtool=no \
# DEPDIR=$(DEPDIR) $(CXXDEPMODE) $(depcomp) \
# $(AM_V_CXX_no)$(CXXCOMPILE) -c -o $# $<
What am I doing wrong? Here is the entire Makefile. You can see that main_CFLAGS and main_LDFLAGS are not even used.
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# Tell versions [3.59,3.63) of GNU make to not export all variables.
# Otherwise a system limit (for SysV at least) may be exceeded.
.NOEXPORT:

Answer 1

This looks like the target that generated that error. You can see it doesn't mention anything about CFLAGS:
Right. You are using the C++ compiler, not the C compiler:
main_SOURCES = main.cpp window.cpp window.h button.cpp button.h
Something like:
main_CXXFLAGS = $(DEPS_CFLAGS)
might be enough to get past your compilation error.