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I am new in Modbus and developing an application using Modbus RTU. I would like to know how to find out the RTU message frame separation time. In the Modbus RTU specification, It mentions 3.5 chars time, but there is no more data about how i can decide this intervals. Any idea?
It depends on your serial port settings. Based on speed, number of data bits in each character, parity and stop bits, you can calculate time length of 3.5 chars. Calculation is explained here.
Modbus RTU specification also mentions 1.5 character times as maximum silent interval between message bytes. Beyond this, incomplete message is flushed and next byte will be the address of a new message.
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How to find the minimal number of bits to encode a set of known strings?
If the set of strings is known to both sender and receiver, then you need zero bits to transmit it. (In effect, the message is "Use the known set." I know that sounds silly, but it is often part of a comms protocol.)
If you need to send a single string from the set, you can send its ordinal index, using log2 N bits, where N is the size of the set.
if you are repeatedly sending messages containing a single string from the set but the frequency distribution of the messages is non-uniform, you can Hoffman-code the ordinal. That will optimize the total size of all messages over time.
I don't know exactly if you require this one but still have a look at it , it might help you . Let me know if it does:
Compression algorithm
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I'm working on a pseudorandom number generator for an assignment and I'm having a hard time wrapping my head around how state is used in it. What does it mean to advance to the next one? I'm not looking for tips on implementation, just an explanation of the concept. Thanks!
A PRNG generates a sequence of numbers.
To calculate the next number, you have some internal state (variables set to specific values, if you will). That's the state referred to in the context of PRNG. This state can often be represented by just a single number.
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I'm doing a project on single precision floating numbers. I was wondering in what fields or areas are these concepts used? Thanks in advance.
For anything requiring larger range than available with integers, and where limited accuracy of number representation isn't important enough to use longer floats. In terms of accuracy, nothing beats integer or fixed point, at the price of their limited range. Say if i wanted cosmological distances in a unit which can be used for both nearer and far objects at the same time, i could think of using those - after all, i'd be mostly interested in the most significant parts of the distance, not in the submillimeter portion.
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In PC properties (i.e. My Computer -> Properties), what does B stand for in MB or GB. Does it define bit or byte?
Byte. bit is lowercase. MB = Megabyte, Mb is megabit.
Byte for B,
bit for b.
This is international standard.
Upper case B always means Byte, and lower case means bit.
For example when you see internet speeds listed in MB/s, that refers to MegaBytes per second, and when you see it listed as Mb/s that refers to Megabits per second.
The letter "B" stands for "byte".
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Which is better, small data size and more server requests, or large data size and fewer requests? Larger data size means longer processing time on ther server. How does this scale out thouh as the number of users and their activity increases?
It is always ideal to get all that you need in as many less calls as you can. If you can get all that you need in one call, definitely do it.
Also it will be very helpful if you can give some insight of what kind of application are we talking about here.