Suppose we have a 4-byte file with the following contents
00 00 00 00
I want to modify the first two bytes to say
FF AA 00 00
How can I accomplish this with vbscript? A reference for binary IO using vbscript would also be nice.
You could take a look at the example in the answer to this question: Read and write binary file in VBscript
I don't know how well this will work in practice (the mid function may mangle the results), but it seems to work here for me using the following code:
Option Explicit
Dim data
data = readBinary("C:\test.file")
' CHR(255) = FF, CHR(170) = AA
data = Chr(255)&Chr(170) & Mid(data, 3, Len(data) - 2)
writeBinary data,"C:\newtest.file"
Function readBinary(path)
Dim a, fso, file, i, ts
Set fso = CreateObject("Scripting.FileSystemObject")
Set file = fso.getFile(path)
If isNull(file) Then
wscript.echo "File not found: " & path
Exit Function
End If
Set ts = file.OpenAsTextStream()
a = makeArray(file.size)
i = 0
While Not ts.atEndOfStream
a(i) = ts.read(1)
i = i + 1
Wend
ts.close
readBinary = Join(a,"")
End Function
Sub writeBinary(bstr, path)
Dim fso, ts
Set fso = CreateObject("Scripting.FileSystemObject")
On Error Resume Next
Set ts = fso.createTextFile(path)
If Err.number <> 0 Then
wscript.echo Err.message
Exit Sub
End If
On Error GoTo 0
ts.Write(bstr)
ts.Close
End Sub
Function makeArray(n)
Dim s
s = Space(n)
makeArray = Split(s," ")
End Function
Related
I am trying to pass folder location as variable to a VBScript which has array to consume the location as a parameter. I don't know how to pass it, could some one please help me?
I am trying to pass following location as a variable "C:\New","C:\New1" to the below code, the script is working fine when I directly give the location, but when I tired to pass it as variable it is not working.
Code given below:
Set oParameters = WScript.Arguments
folderlocation = oParameters(0)
Dim folderarray
Dim WshShell, oExec
Dim wow()
Set objShell = CreateObject("WScript.Shell")
Dim oAPI, oBag
Dim fso, folder, file
Dim searchFileName, renameFileTo, day
Dim i
folderarray = Array(folderlocation)
ii = 0
day = WeekDay(Now())
If day = 3 Then
aa = UBound(folderarray)
f = 0
j = 0
x = 0
Y = 0
For i = 0 To aa
Set fso = CreateObject("Scripting.FileSystemObject")
Set folder = fso.GetFolder(folderarray(i))
For Each file In folder.Files
If InStr(file.Name, name) = 1 Then
ii = 1
strid = file.Name
Set re = New RegExp
re.Pattern = ".*myfile.*"
If re.Test( strid ) Then
'msgbox "File exist and the file name is """ & strid & """"
x = x+1
Else
'msgbox "file not found"
End If
Set re = Nothing
End If
Next
If x = 0 Then
ReDim Preserve wow(f)
wow(f) = folderarray(i)
f = f+1
j = j+1
Else
x = 0
End If
Next
End If
If J > 0 Then
ReDim Preserve wow(f-1)
value = Join(wow, ",")
MsgBox "Files not found in the following location(s) :" & value
Else
MsgBox "fine"
End If
To fill an array from a list of arguments you'd call the script like this:
your.vbs "C:\New" "C:\New1"
and fill the array in your.vbs like this:
size = WScript.Arguments.Unnamed.Count - 1
ReDim folderarray(size)
For i = 0 To size
folderarray(i) = WScript.Arguments.Unnamed.Item(i)
Next
If for some reason you must pass the folder list as a single argument you'd call the script like this:
your.vbs "C:\New,C:\New1"
and populate the array in your.vbs like this:
folderarray = Split(WScript.Arguments.Unnamed.Item(0), ",")
I have written the following code, tested it, and it works. I then literally copied and pasted it into a larger program as a sub. I'm getting a Type mismatch on the Split Function now. I copied & pasted it out of the subroutine and into a new file and it works again. Any help on why this is happening would be appreciated.
Dim oFSO
Dim oNew
Dim oExcel
Dim Folder2
Dim oFile
Dim File, Line
Dim f, fc
Dim x, y, e, i, j
Dim objSheet, TFile, TSheet
Dim TextLine
'Calls Excel into session and leaves it running in the background
Set oExcel = CreateObject("Excel.Application")
oExcel.Visible = False
oExcel.DisplayAlerts = False
'Opens the selected excel file and then lets the user choose the folder to be updated to it
Set oNew = oExcel.Workbooks.Open(BrowseForFolder("Select Excel File to Update"))
Set oFSO = CreateObject("Scripting.FileSystemObject")
Folder2 = BrowseForFolder("Choose file containing updated CSV's")
Set f = oFSO.GetFolder(Folder2)
Set fc = f.Files
oNew.Activate
'This loops through every file in the folder, compares the name of the file to the names
'of the sheets in the excel file and overwrites the data to on the spreadsheet
For Each oFile In fc
TFile = Left(oFile.Name,InStr(oFile.Name,"-")-1)
For i =1 To oNew.Sheets.Count
j = InStr(oNew.Sheets(i).Name,"-")-1
TSheet = Left(oNew.Sheets(i).Name,j)
if TSheet = TFile Then
oNew.Sheets(i).Activate
set objSheet = oNew.ActiveSheet
objSheet.Name = Left(oFile.Name,InStr(oFile.Name,".")-1)
Set File = oFSO.OpenTextFile(oFile)
x = 1
Do While File.AtEndofStream <> True
Line = File.Readline
TextLine = Split(Line,",")
y = 1
For Each e In TextLine
objSheet.Cells(x, y) = e
y = y+1
Next
x=x+1
Loop
End If
Next
Next
MsgBox "Spreadsheet Updated! New spreadsheet is located in Documents"
' Save merged result as an Excel file in Documents
oNew.SaveAs "SAPDASHBOARD", 51
oNew.Close
' Shut down Excel
oExcel.Quit
Set oExcel = Nothing
Set oNew = Nothing
Set oFile = Nothing
Function BrowseForFolder(title)
Dim shell : Set shell = CreateObject("Shell.Application")
Dim file : Set file = shell.BrowseForFolder(0, title, &H4000,0)
If file is Nothing Then
WScript.Echo "No Folder Selected"
WScript.Quit
End IF
BrowseForFolder = file.self.Path
End Function
I actually figured it out. The problem wasn't this portion of the script, it was the fact that one of the other subroutines in the big program was named Split. So when it tried to run the builtin function "Split" it tried to call the subroutine. That's a mistake I won't be making again
I have created a vbs example to illustrate my problem.
In the development environment in which I work I have no 'each' construction available. Therefore I have to work with 'item'-iteration.
ShowFolderList1 works fine but ShowFolderList2 generates the error.
Can you help me to correct syntax?
ShowFolderList1("C:\Windows") shows me the list of folders in the specified directory.
ShowFolderList2("C:\Windows") gives errorcode 800A0005 Runtimeerror invalid Procedure Call at "F1 = FOL.SubFolders.Item(i)".
Sub ShowFolderList1(folderspec)
Set FSO = CreateObject("Scripting.FileSystemObject")
Set FOL = FSO.GetFolder(folderspec)
s = ""
For Each F1 in FOL.SubFolders
s = s & F1.Name & vbCrLf
Next
MsgBox(s)
End Sub
Sub ShowFolderList2(folderspec)
Set FSO = CreateObject("Scripting.FileSystemObject")
Set FOL = FSO.GetFolder(folderspec)
s = ""
For i = 0 To FOL.SubFolders.Count-1
F1 = FOL.SubFolders.Item(i)
s = s & F1.Name & vbCrLf
Next
MsgBox(s)
End Sub
As F1 shall hold an object,
F1 = FOL.SubFolders.Item(i)
should be
Set F1 = FOL.SubFolders.Item(i)
On second thought:
The real reason for the error is: the folder object has no Item method. You can't traverse folders randomly, only via For Each.
I have an Excel file which includes pictures in column B and I want like to export them into several files as .jpg (or any other picture file format). The name of the file should be generated from text in column A. I tried following VBA macro:
Private Sub CommandButton1_Click()
Dim oTxt As Object
For Each cell In Ark1.Range("A1:A" & Ark1.UsedRange.Rows.Count)
' you can change the sheet1 to your own choice
saveText = cell.Text
Open "H:\Webshop_Zpider\Strukturbildene\" & saveText & ".jpg" For Output As #1
Print #1, cell.Offset(0, 1).text
Close #1
Next cell
End Sub
The result is that it generates files (jpg), without any content. I assume the line Print #1, cell.Offset(0, 1).text. is wrong.
I don't know what I need to change it into, cell.Offset(0, 1).pix?
Can anybody help me? Thanks!
If i remember correctly, you need to use the "Shapes" property of your sheet.
Each Shape object has a TopLeftCell and BottomRightCell attributes that tell you the position of the image.
Here's a piece of code i used a while ago, roughly adapted to your needs. I don't remember the specifics about all those ChartObjects and whatnot, but here it is:
For Each oShape In ActiveSheet.Shapes
strImageName = ActiveSheet.Cells(oShape.TopLeftCell.Row, 1).Value
oShape.Select
'Picture format initialization
Selection.ShapeRange.PictureFormat.Contrast = 0.5: Selection.ShapeRange.PictureFormat.Brightness = 0.5: Selection.ShapeRange.PictureFormat.ColorType = msoPictureAutomatic: Selection.ShapeRange.PictureFormat.TransparentBackground = msoFalse: Selection.ShapeRange.Fill.Visible = msoFalse: Selection.ShapeRange.Line.Visible = msoFalse: Selection.ShapeRange.Rotation = 0#: Selection.ShapeRange.PictureFormat.CropLeft = 0#: Selection.ShapeRange.PictureFormat.CropRight = 0#: Selection.ShapeRange.PictureFormat.CropTop = 0#: Selection.ShapeRange.PictureFormat.CropBottom = 0#: Selection.ShapeRange.ScaleHeight 1#, msoTrue, msoScaleFromTopLeft: Selection.ShapeRange.ScaleWidth 1#, msoTrue, msoScaleFromTopLeft
'/Picture format initialization
Application.Selection.CopyPicture
Set oDia = ActiveSheet.ChartObjects.Add(0, 0, oShape.Width, oShape.Height)
Set oChartArea = oDia.Chart
oDia.Activate
With oChartArea
.ChartArea.Select
.Paste
.Export ("H:\Webshop_Zpider\Strukturbildene\" & strImageName & ".jpg")
End With
oDia.Delete 'oChartArea.Delete
Next
This code:
Option Explicit
Sub ExportMyPicture()
Dim MyChart As String, MyPicture As String
Dim PicWidth As Long, PicHeight As Long
Application.ScreenUpdating = False
On Error GoTo Finish
MyPicture = Selection.Name
With Selection
PicHeight = .ShapeRange.Height
PicWidth = .ShapeRange.Width
End With
Charts.Add
ActiveChart.Location Where:=xlLocationAsObject, Name:="Sheet1"
Selection.Border.LineStyle = 0
MyChart = Selection.Name & " " & Split(ActiveChart.Name, " ")(2)
With ActiveSheet
With .Shapes(MyChart)
.Width = PicWidth
.Height = PicHeight
End With
.Shapes(MyPicture).Copy
With ActiveChart
.ChartArea.Select
.Paste
End With
.ChartObjects(1).Chart.Export Filename:="MyPic.jpg", FilterName:="jpg"
.Shapes(MyChart).Cut
End With
Application.ScreenUpdating = True
Exit Sub
Finish:
MsgBox "You must select a picture"
End Sub
was copied directly from here, and works beautifully for the cases I tested.
''' Set Range you want to export to the folder
Workbooks("your workbook name").Sheets("yoursheet name").Select
Dim rgExp As Range: Set rgExp = Range("A1:H31")
''' Copy range as picture onto Clipboard
rgExp.CopyPicture Appearance:=xlScreen, Format:=xlBitmap
''' Create an empty chart with exact size of range copied
With ActiveSheet.ChartObjects.Add(Left:=rgExp.Left, Top:=rgExp.Top, _
Width:=rgExp.Width, Height:=rgExp.Height)
.Name = "ChartVolumeMetricsDevEXPORT"
.Activate
End With
''' Paste into chart area, export to file, delete chart.
ActiveChart.Paste
ActiveSheet.ChartObjects("ChartVolumeMetricsDevEXPORT").Chart.Export "C:\ExportmyChart.jpg"
ActiveSheet.ChartObjects("ChartVolumeMetricsDevEXPORT").Delete
Dim filepath as string
Sheets("Sheet 1").ChartObjects("Chart 1").Chart.Export filepath & "Name.jpg"
Slimmed down the code to the absolute minimum if needed.
New versions of excel have made old answers obsolete. It took a long time to make this, but it does a pretty good job. Note that the maximum image size is limited and the aspect ratio is ever so slightly off, as I was not able to perfectly optimize the reshaping math. Note that I've named one of my worksheets wsTMP, you can replace it with Sheet1 or the like. Takes about 1 second to print the screenshot to target path.
Option Explicit
Private Declare PtrSafe Sub keybd_event Lib "user32" (ByVal bVk As Byte, ByVal bScan As Byte, ByVal dwFlags As Long, ByVal dwExtraInfo As Long)
Sub weGucciFam()
Dim tmp As Variant, str As String, h As Double, w As Double
Application.PrintCommunication = False
Application.EnableEvents = False
Application.Calculation = xlCalculationManual
Application.ScreenUpdating = False
If Application.StatusBar = False Then Application.StatusBar = "EVENTS DISABLED"
keybd_event vbKeyMenu, 0, 0, 0 'these do just active window
keybd_event vbKeySnapshot, 0, 0, 0
keybd_event vbKeySnapshot, 0, 2, 0
keybd_event vbKeyMenu, 0, 2, 0 'sendkeys alt+printscreen doesn't work
wsTMP.Paste
DoEvents
Const dw As Double = 1186.56
Const dh As Double = 755.28
str = "C:\Users\YOURUSERNAMEHERE\Desktop\Screenshot.jpeg"
w = wsTMP.Shapes(1).Width
h = wsTMP.Shapes(1).Height
Application.DisplayAlerts = False
Set tmp = Charts.Add
On Error Resume Next
With tmp
.PageSetup.PaperSize = xlPaper11x17
.PageSetup.TopMargin = IIf(w > dw, dh - dw * h / w, dh - h) + 28
.PageSetup.BottomMargin = 0
.PageSetup.RightMargin = IIf(h > dh, dw - dh * w / h, dw - w) + 36
.PageSetup.LeftMargin = 0
.PageSetup.HeaderMargin = 0
.PageSetup.FooterMargin = 0
.SeriesCollection(1).Delete
DoEvents
.Paste
DoEvents
.Export Filename:=str, Filtername:="jpeg"
.Delete
End With
On Error GoTo 0
Do Until wsTMP.Shapes.Count < 1
wsTMP.Shapes(1).Delete
Loop
Application.PrintCommunication = True
Application.EnableEvents = True
Application.Calculation = xlCalculationAutomatic
Application.ScreenUpdating = True
Application.StatusBar = False
End Sub
Thanks for the ideas! I used the above ideas to make a macro to do a bulk file conversion--convert every file of one format in a folder to another format.
This code requires a sheet with cells named "FilePath" (which must end in a "\"), "StartExt" (original file extension), and "EndExt" (desired file extension). Warning: it doesn't ask for confirmation before replacing existing files with the same name and extension.
Private Sub CommandButton1_Click()
Dim path As String
Dim pathExt As String
Dim file As String
Dim oldExt As String
Dim newExt As String
Dim newFile As String
Dim shp As Picture
Dim chrt As ChartObject
Dim chrtArea As Chart
Application.ScreenUpdating = False
Application.DisplayAlerts = False
'Get settings entered by user
path = Range("FilePath")
oldExt = Range("StartExt")
pathExt = path & "*." & oldExt
newExt = Range("EndExt")
file = Dir(pathExt)
Do While Not file = "" 'cycle through all images in folder of selected format
Set shp = ActiveSheet.Pictures.Insert(path & file) 'Import image
newFile = Replace(file, "." & oldExt, "." & newExt) 'Determine new file name
Set chrt = ActiveSheet.ChartObjects.Add(0, 0, shp.Width, shp.Height) 'Create blank chart for embedding image
Set chrtArea = chrt.Chart
shp.CopyPicture 'Copy image to clipboard
With chrtArea 'Paste image to chart, then export
.ChartArea.Select
.Paste
.Export (path & newFile)
End With
chrt.Delete 'Delete chart
shp.Delete 'Delete imported image
file = Dir 'Advance to next file
Loop
Application.ScreenUpdating = True
Application.DisplayAlerts = True
End Sub
Here is another cool way to do it- using en external viewer that accepts command line switches (IrfanView in this case) :
* I based the loop on what Michal Krzych has written above.
Sub ExportPicturesToFiles()
Const saveSceenshotTo As String = "C:\temp\"
Const pictureFormat As String = ".jpg"
Dim pic As Shape
Dim sFileName As String
Dim i As Long
i = 1
For Each pic In ActiveSheet.Shapes
pic.Copy
sFileName = saveSceenshotTo & Range("A" & i).Text & pictureFormat
Call ExportPicWithIfran(sFileName)
i = i + 1
Next
End Sub
Public Sub ExportPicWithIfran(sSaveAsPath As String)
Const sIfranPath As String = "C:\Program Files\IrfanView\i_view32.exe"
Dim sRunIfran As String
sRunIfran = sIfranPath & " /clippaste /convert=" & _
sSaveAsPath & " /killmesoftly"
' Shell is no good here. If you have more than 1 pic, it will
' mess things up (pics will over run other pics, becuase Shell does
' not make vba wait for the script to finish).
' Shell sRunIfran, vbHide
' Correct way (it will now wait for the batch to finish):
call MyShell(sRunIfran )
End Sub
Edit:
Private Sub MyShell(strShell As String)
' based on:
' http://stackoverflow.com/questions/15951837/excel-vba-wait-for-shell-command-to-complete
' by Nate Hekman
Dim wsh As Object
Dim waitOnReturn As Boolean:
Dim windowStyle As VbAppWinStyle
Set wsh = VBA.CreateObject("WScript.Shell")
waitOnReturn = True
windowStyle = vbHide
wsh.Run strShell, windowStyle, waitOnReturn
End Sub
I used earlier ADODB.Stream to read and to write binary file here is the link for that
How to concatenate binary file using ADODB.stream in VBscript
it works fine the only problem is ADODB.stream is disabled on windows 2003 server,
Is there another way i can read 3 files in binary mode and concatenate them or store them in one file in VBscript
thank you
Jp
Based on Luc125 and Alberto answers here are the 2 reworked and simplified functions:
The Read function
Function readBinary(strPath)
Dim oFSO: Set oFSO = CreateObject("Scripting.FileSystemObject")
Dim oFile: Set oFile = oFSO.GetFile(strPath)
If IsNull(oFile) Then MsgBox("File not found: " & strPath) : Exit Function
With oFile.OpenAsTextStream()
readBinary = .Read(oFile.Size)
.Close
End With
End Function
The Write function
Function writeBinary(strBinary, strPath)
Dim oFSO: Set oFSO = CreateObject("Scripting.FileSystemObject")
' below lines pupose: checks that write access is possible!
Dim oTxtStream
On Error Resume Next
Set oTxtStream = oFSO.createTextFile(strPath)
If Err.number <> 0 Then MsgBox(Err.message) : Exit Function
On Error GoTo 0
Set oTxtStream = Nothing
' end check of write access
With oFSO.createTextFile(strPath)
.Write(strBinary)
.Close
End With
End Function
I had a similar problem a year ago. We know that the TextStream objects are intended for ANSI or Unicode text data, not binary data; their .readAll() method produces a corrupted output if the stream is binary. But there is workaround. Reading the characters one by one into an array works fine. This should allow you to read binary data into VB strings, and write it back to disk. When further manipulating such binary strings do not forget that certain operations may result into broken strings because they are intended for text only. I for one always convert binary strings into integer arrays before working with them.Function readBinary(path)
Dim a
Dim fso
Dim file
Dim i
Dim ts
Set fso = CreateObject("Scripting.FileSystemObject")
Set file = fso.getFile(path)
If isNull(file) Then
MsgBox("File not found: " & path)
Exit Function
End If
Set ts = file.OpenAsTextStream()
a = makeArray(file.size)
i = 0
' Do not replace the following block by readBinary = by ts.readAll(), it would result in broken output, because that method is not intended for binary data
While Not ts.atEndOfStream
a(i) = ts.read(1)
i = i + 1
Wend
ts.close
readBinary = Join(a,"")
End Function
Sub writeBinary(bstr, path)
Dim fso
Dim ts
Set fso = CreateObject("Scripting.FileSystemObject")
On Error Resume Next
Set ts = fso.createTextFile(path)
If Err.number <> 0 Then
MsgBox(Err.message)
Exit Sub
End If
On Error GoTo 0
ts.Write(bstr)
ts.Close
End Sub
Function makeArray(n) ' Small utility function
Dim s
s = Space(n)
makeArray = Split(s," ")
End Function
The ADODB stream object is VBScript's only native method of reading binary streams. If ADODB is disabled, you will need to install some other third-party component to provide the same functionality.
It is possible to read all bytes together:
Set FS = CreateObject("Scripting.FileSystemObject")
Set fil = FS.GetFile(filename)
fpga = fil.OpenAsTextStream().Read(file.Size)
ADODB stream object is VBScript's only native method of reading binary streams
Const TypeBinary = 1
Const ForReading = 1, ForWriting = 2, ForAppending = 8
Function readBytes(file)
Dim inStream: Set inStream = WScript.CreateObject("ADODB.Stream") ' ADODB stream object used
inStream.Open ' open with no arguments makes the stream an empty container
inStream.type= TypeBinary
inStream.LoadFromFile(file)
readBytes = inStream.Read()
End Function
Sub writeBytes(file, bytes)
Dim binaryStream: Set binaryStream = CreateObject("ADODB.Stream")
binaryStream.Type = TypeBinary
binaryStream.Open 'Open the stream and write binary data
binaryStream.Write bytes
binaryStream.SaveToFile file, ForWriting 'Save binary data to disk
End Sub
Read 3 files & join to one file (without ADODB):
Dim oFSO : Set oFSO = CreateObject("Scripting.FileSystemObject")
If oFSO.FileExists("out.bin") Then oFSO.DeleteFile("out.bin")
Dim outFile : Set outFile = oFSO.OpenTextFile("out.bin", 8, true)
' 3 input files to concatenate
Dim oFS1 : Set oFS1 = oFSO.GetFile("in1.bin")
Dim oFS2 : Set oFS2 = oFSO.GetFile("in2.bin")
Dim oFS3 : Set oFS3 = oFSO.GetFile("in3.bin")
Dim read1 : Set read1 = oFS1.OpenAsTextStream()
Dim read2 : Set read2 = oFS2.OpenAsTextStream()
Dim read3 : Set read3 = oFS3.OpenAsTextStream()
Dim write1 : write1 = read1.Read(oFS1.Size)
read1.Close
outFile.write(write1)
Dim write2 : write2 = read2.Read(oFS2.Size)
read2.Close
outFile.write(write2)
Dim write3 : write3 = read3.Read(oFS3.Size)
read3.Close
outFile.write(write3)
outFile.Close
Tested on audio, video, image, zip archives & pdf (binaries) on Win 10 for binary file copy, edit, split, join, patching & (byte level) encryption, encoding & compression.
See example (answer) here for binary file patching.