I am looking to configure my PIC so I can use port RB4 and send out pulses to a device and then receive data on the same port. For this I need to configure RB4 to be a digital I/O port and then;
set as output
lowsignal
1mS delay
highsignal
1mS delay
set as input
read input
This code then loops. So I have;
for(i=0;i<10;i++) // There are 10 bits of data to read
{
ADCON0bits.ADON = 0;
TRISBbits.TRISB4 = 0; // set to output
ADCON0bits.ADON = 1;
LATBbits.LATB4 = 0; // output low
LATBbits.LATB4 = 1; // output high
delay(1);
ADCON0bits.ADON = 0;
TRISBbits.TRISB4 = 1; // configure for input
ADCON0bits.ADON = 1;
inData = inData<<1;
delay(1);
if (PORTBbits.RB4==1)
inData++;
}
But I don't seem to be getting the inputs. I am new to the PIC world. Can anyone point me in the right direction? Is it possible to switch between input and output like this? Am I doing the right thing, the way I am configuring?
Many thanks!
I am a bit late to the party.
You are recommended to use interrupts in that part of code where you are awaiting for the data to be received. Polling is not generally a good approach, you will face much more complicated implementation rather than having a simple counter in the interrupt servicing routine.
So you should enable interrupt-on-change for 4th pin of PORTB.
Related
I'm currently implementing a driver for the WINC1500 to be used with an ATMEGA32 MCU and it's getting stuck on this line of "while(!spi_is_tx_empty(WINC1500_SPI));". The code builds and runs but it won't clear what's inside in this function to proceed through my code and boot up the Wifi Module. I've been stuck on this problem for weeks now with no progress and don't know how to clear it.
static inline bool spi_is_tx_empty(volatile avr32_spi_t *spi)
{
// 1 = All Transmissions complete
// 0 = Transmissions not complete
return (spi->sr & AVR32_SPI_SR_TXEMPTY_MASK) != 0;
}
Here is my implementation of the SPI Tx/Rx function
void m2mStub_SpiTxRx(uint8_t *p_txBuf,
uint16_t txLen,
uint8_t *p_rxBuf,
uint16_t rxLen)
{
uint16_t byteCount;
uint16_t i;
uint16_t data;
// Calculate the number of clock cycles necessary, this implies a full-duplex SPI.
byteCount = (txLen >= rxLen) ? txLen : rxLen;
// Read / Transmit.
for (i = 0; i < byteCount; ++i)
{
// Wait for transmitter to be ready.
while(!spi_is_tx_ready(WINC1500_SPI));
// Transmit.
if (txLen > 0)
{
// Send data from the transmit buffer
spi_put(WINC1500_SPI, *p_txBuf++);
--txLen;
}
else
{
// No more Tx data to send, just send something to keep clock active.
// Here we clock out a don't care byte
spi_put(WINC1500_SPI, 0x00U);
// Not reading it back, not being cleared 16/1/2020
}
// Reference http://asf.atmel.com/docs/latest/avr32.components.memory.sdmmc.spi.example.evk1101/html/avr32_drivers_spi_quick_start.html
// Wait for transfer to finish, stuck on here
// Need to clear the buffer for it to be able to continue
while(!spi_is_tx_empty(WINC1500_SPI));
// Wait for transmitter to be ready again
while(!spi_is_tx_ready(WINC1500_SPI));
// Send dummy data to slave, so we can read something from it.
spi_put(WINC1500_SPI, 0x00U); // Change dummy data from 00U to 0xFF idea
// Wait for a complete transmission
while(!spi_is_tx_empty(WINC1500_SPI));
// Read or throw away data from the slave as required.
if (rxLen > 0)
{
*p_rxBuf++ = spi_get(WINC1500_SPI);
--rxLen;
}
else
{
spi_get(WINC1500_SPI);
}
}
Debug output log
Disable SPI
Init SPI module as master
Configure SPI and Clock settings
spi_enable(WINC1500_SPI)
InitStateMachine()
INIT_START_STATE
InitStateMachine()
INIT_WAIT_FOR_CHIP_RESET_STATE
m2mStub_PinSet_CE
m2mStub_PinSet_RESET
m2mStub_GetOneMsTimer();
SetChipHardwareResetState (CHIP_HARDWARE_RESET_FIRST_DELAY_1MS)
InitStateMachine()
INIT_WAIT_FOR_CHIP_RESET_STATE
if(m2m_get_elapsed_time(startTime) >= 2)
m2mStub_PinSet_CE(M2M_WIFI_PIN_HIGH)
startTime = m2mStub_GetOneMsTimer();
SetChipHardwareResetState(CHIP_HARDWARE_RESET_SECOND_DELAY_5_MS);
InitStateMachine()
INIT_WAIT_FOR_CHIP_RESET_STATE
m2m_get_elapsed_time(startTime) >= 6
m2mStub_PinSet_RESET(M2M_WIFI_PIN_HIGH)
startTime = m2mStub_GetOneMsTimer();
SetChipHardwareResetState(CHIP_HARDWARE_RESET_FINAL_DELAY);
InitStateMachine()
INIT_WAIT_FOR_CHIP_RESET_STATE
m2m_get_elapsed_time(startTime) >= 10
SetChipHardwareResetState(CHIP_HARDWARE_RESET_COMPLETE)
retVal = true // State machine has completed successfully
g_scanInProgress = false
nm_spi_init();
reg = spi_read_reg(NMI_SPI_PROTOCOL_CONFIG)
Wait for a complete transmission
Wait for transmitter to be ready
SPI_PUT(WINC1500_SPI, *p_txBuf++);
--txLen;
Wait for transfer to finish, stuck on here
Wait for transfer to finish, stuck on here
The ATmega32 is an 8-bit AVR but you seem to be using code for the AVR32, a family of 32-bit AVRs. You're probably just using the totally wrong code and you should consult the datasheet of the ATmega32, and search for SPI for the AVR ATmega family.
I'm writing my own I²C Master Write function according to Microchip's datasheet. I'm using MPLAB X. I generated the configuration with the Code Configurator, but here are the interesting bits :
// R_nW write_noTX; P stopbit_notdetected; S startbit_notdetected; BF RCinprocess_TXcomplete; SMP Standard Speed; UA dontupdate; CKE disabled; D_nA lastbyte_address;
SSP1STAT = 0x80;
// SSPEN enabled; WCOL no_collision; CKP Idle:Low, Active:High; SSPM FOSC/4_SSPxADD_I2C; SSPOV no_overflow;
SSP1CON1 = 0x28;
// SBCDE disabled; BOEN disabled; SCIE disabled; PCIE disabled; DHEN disabled; SDAHT 100ns; AHEN disabled;
SSP1CON3 = 0x00;
// Baud Rate Generator Value: SSP1ADD 80;
SSP1ADD = 0x50;
// clear the master interrupt flag
PIR1bits.SSP1IF = 0;
// enable the master interrupt
PIE1bits.SSP1IE = 1;
So : Standard Speed, 100ns hold time, Master Mode, clokck frequency about 50kHz.
I tried to follow the procedure described p238 of the datasheet :
http://ww1.microchip.com/downloads/en/DeviceDoc/30000684B.pdf
Here's my code :
#include "mcc_generated_files/mcc.h"
#include <stdio.h>
#define _XTAL_FREQ 16000000
#define RTS_PIN PORTDbits.RD3
#define CTS_PIN PORTDbits.RD2
#define LED_PIN PORTAbits.RA1
#define RX_FLAG PORTAbits.RA2
uint8_t c;
// Define putch() for printf())
void putch(char c)
{
EUSART1_Write(c);
}
void main(void)
{
// Initialize the device
SYSTEM_Initialize();
while (1)
{
// Generate a START condition by setting Start Enable bit
SSP1CON2bits.SEN = 1;
// Wait for START to be completed
while(!PIR1bits.SSPIF);
// Clear flag
PIR1bits.SSPIF = 0;
// Load the address + RW byte in SSP1BUF
// Address = 85 ; request type = WRITE (0)
SSP1BUF = 0b10101010;
// Wait for ack
while (SSP1CON2bits.ACKSTAT);
// Wait for MSSP interrupt
while (!PIR1bits.SSPIF);
// Load data (0x11) in SSP1BUF
SSP1BUF = 0x11;
// Wait for ack
while (SSP1CON2bits.ACKSTAT);
// Generate a STOP condition
SSP1CON2bits.PEN = 1;
// Wait for STOP to be completed
while(!PIR1bits.SSPIF);
// Clear flag
PIR1bits.SSPIF = 0;
// Wait for 1s before sending the next byte
__delay_ms(1000);
}
}
The slave device is an Arduino which I have tested with another Arduino (Master) to make sure it's working correctly.
My problem is : analysing the SDA/SCL signals with a logic analyser, when I start the PIC I get 2 correct messages, that's with correct address send and byte transmission, but at the end of the second SCL is held LOW, which makes all other writings bad (can't have a proper START condition if SCL is held LOW). BTW, at the end of the first transmission, SCL is held LOW for like 3ms, but then comes HIGH again without any reason.
Can anyone here point what I'm doing wrong ? Did I forget something ?
Thanx in advance.
Best regards.
Eric
PS : when testing the slave with another Arduino as the Master, SCL is set HIGH as soon as the transmission is over.
One thing I'm noticing is that after sending the slave address you are waiting for the ACK (ACKSTAT) then waiting for the SSPIF Interrupt Flag, but you are not checking for SSPIF after the data byte. You are only checking ACKSTAT. Maybe try waiting for and clearing the SSPIF before setting PEN to assert the stop conditon?
Have you checked the state of the SSPCON and SSPSTAT registers when this behavior occurs, that might help narrow down where the problem lies.
Thanx a lot for your answer !
I cleared SSP1IF after loading the data byte, and now it's working fine !
I think I understand now what was happening : the datasheet indicates that ACKSTAT is the only register bit that reacts on the rising edge of SCL, instead of the falling edge for the other bits. So in my code, I generate the STOP condition too early, and that might make it inoperative. Thus no STOP condition is generated, SCL is stuck LOW, and the next transmission cannot be started.
Furthermore, when I wait for the STOP condition to be completed, the SSP1IF flag is still set, so he doesn't actually wait and jumps directly to the delay() function. I don't know if that matters as he waits anyway, but it could matter if ever I tried to send packets one after the other.
So I here's the function I wrote, and which is working :
(BTW it can take up to 255 data bytes)
void MasterWrite(char _size, char* _data)
{
// Generate a START condition by setting Start Enable bit
SSP1CON2bits.SEN = 1;
// Wait for START to be completed
while(!PIR1bits.SSPIF);
// Clear flag
PIR1bits.SSPIF = 0;
// Load the address + RW byte in SSP1BUF
// Address = 85 ; request type = WRITE (0)
SSP1BUF = 0b10101010;
// Wait for ack
while (SSP1CON2bits.ACKSTAT);
// Wait for MSSP interrupt
while (!PIR1bits.SSPIF);
// Clear flag
PIR1bits.SSPIF = 0;
for (int i=0; i<_size; i++)
{
// Load data in SSP1BUF
SSP1BUF = *(_data+i);
// Wait for ack
while (SSP1CON2bits.ACKSTAT);
// Wait for MSSP interrupt
while (!PIR1bits.SSPIF);
// Clear flag
PIR1bits.SSPIF = 0;
}
// Generate a STOP condition
SSP1CON2bits.PEN = 1;
// Wait for STOP to be completed
while(!PIR1bits.SSPIF);
// Clear flag
PIR1bits.SSPIF = 0;
}
Thanx a lot again for your help !
Best regards.
Eric
I am writing an I2C slave routine for PIC18F25K80 and I am stuck on a weird problem.
This is my routine:
void interrupt interruption_handler() {
PIE1bits.SSPIE = 0; // Disable Master Synchronous Serial Port Interrupt
if (PIR1bits.SSPIF != 1) {
//This is not I2C interruption;
PIE1bits.SSPIE = 1; // Enable Master Synchronous Serial Port Interrupt
return;
}
//Treat overflow
if ((SSPCON1bits.SSPOV) || (SSPCON1bits.WCOL)) {
dummy = SSPBUF; // Read the previous value to clear the buffer
SSPCON1bits.SSPOV = 0; // Clear the overflow flag
SSPCON1bits.WCOL = 0; // Clear the collision bit
SSPCON1bits.CKP = 1;
board_state = BOARD_STATE_ERROR;
} else {
if (!SSPSTATbits.D_NOT_A) {
//Slave address
debug(0, ON);
//Read address
address = SSPBUF; //Clear BF
while(BF); //Wait until completion
if (SSPSTATbits.R_NOT_W) {
SSPCON1bits.WCOL = 0;
unsigned char a = 0x01;
SSPBUF = a;//0x01 works //Deliver first byte
asm("nop");
}
} else {
if (SSPSTATbits.BF) {
dummy = SSPBUF; // Clear BF (just in case)
while(BF);
}
if (SSPSTATbits.R_NOT_W) {
//Multi-byte read
debug(1, ON);
SSPCON1bits.WCOL = 0;
SSPBUF = 0x02; //Deliver second byte
asm("nop");
} else {
//WRITE
debug(2, ON);
}
}
transmitted = TRUE;
SSPCON1bits.CKP = 1;
PIR1bits.SSPIF = 0;
PIE1bits.SSPIE = 1; // Enable Master Synchronous Serial Port Interrupt
}
}
It works like a charm if I set constant values on SSPBUF. For example, if you do:
SSPBUF = 0x01;
(...)
SSPBUF = 0x02;
I get the two bytes on the master. I can even see the wave forms of the bytes being transmitted on the oscilloscope. Quite fun!
But when I try to set SSPBUF using a variable like:
unsigned char a = 0x01;
SSPBUF = a;
I get zero on the master.
It is driving me crazy.
Some hypothesis I've discarded:
Watchdog timer is messing up interrupting in the middle of the protocol: It is not. It is disabled and the problem happens in both SSPBUF assignments
I need to wait until BF goes low to continue: I don't. AFAIK, you setup the SSPBUF, clear SSPIF, set CKP and return from interruption to take care of life in 4Mhz while the hardware send data in few Khz. It will interrupt you again when it finishes.
It makes no sense to me. How good it is if you cannot define an arbitrary value using a variable?
Please gurus out there, enlighten this poor programmer.
Thanks in advance.
It has something to do with how the compiler generates the code and some undocumented/unknown PIC restriction around SSPBUF (it is an special register anyway).
I found out that it works when the compiler uses movwf and does not work when the compiler uses movff.
I moved the question to another forum because I realized the audience there is more adequate.
You will find more details here:
https://electronics.stackexchange.com/questions/251763/writing-sspbuf-from-variable-in-i2c-slave-protocol-in-pic18/251771#251771
Try move declaration : "unsigned char a = 0x01;"
to the beginning of the function or try define it as volatile global variable.
take into accunte that SSPBUF is both read and write buffer.check if there are conditions that may cause I2C module to reset this buffer.
I need to play raw PCM data (16 bit signed) using CoreAudio on OS X. I get it from network using UDP socket (on sender side data is captured from microphone).
The problem is that all I hear now is some short cracking noise and then only silence.
I'm trying to play data using AudioQueue. I setup it like this:
// Set up stream format fields
AudioStreamBasicDescription streamFormat;
streamFormat.mSampleRate = 44100;
streamFormat.mFormatID = kAudioFormatLinearPCM;
streamFormat.mFormatFlags = kLinearPCMFormatFlagIsBigEndian | kLinearPCMFormatFlagIsSignedInteger | kLinearPCMFormatFlagIsPacked;
streamFormat.mBitsPerChannel = 16;
streamFormat.mChannelsPerFrame = 1;
streamFormat.mBytesPerPacket = 2 * streamFormat.mChannelsPerFrame;
streamFormat.mBytesPerFrame = 2 * streamFormat.mChannelsPerFrame;
streamFormat.mFramesPerPacket = 1;
streamFormat.mReserved = 0;
OSStatus err = noErr;
// create the audio queue
err = AudioQueueNewOutput(&streamFormat, MyAudioQueueOutputCallback, myData, NULL, NULL, 0, &myData->audioQueue);
if (err)
{ PRINTERROR("AudioQueueNewOutput"); myData->failed = true; result = false;}
// allocate audio queue buffers
for (unsigned int i = 0; i < kNumAQBufs; ++i) {
err = AudioQueueAllocateBuffer(myData->audioQueue, kAQBufSize, &myData->audioQueueBuffer[i]);
if (err)
{ PRINTERROR("AudioQueueAllocateBuffer"); myData->failed = true; break; result = false;}
}
// listen for kAudioQueueProperty_IsRunning
err = AudioQueueAddPropertyListener(myData->audioQueue, kAudioQueueProperty_IsRunning, MyAudioQueueIsRunningCallback, myData);
if (err)
{ PRINTERROR("AudioQueueAddPropertyListener"); myData->failed = true; result = false;}
MyAudioQueueOutputCallback is:
void MyAudioQueueOutputCallback(void* inClientData,
AudioQueueRef inAQ,
AudioQueueBufferRef inBuffer)
{
// this is called by the audio queue when it has finished decoding our data.
// The buffer is now free to be reused.
MyData* myData = (MyData*)inClientData;
unsigned int bufIndex = MyFindQueueBuffer(myData, inBuffer);
// signal waiting thread that the buffer is free.
pthread_mutex_lock(&myData->mutex);
myData->inuse[bufIndex] = false;
pthread_cond_signal(&myData->cond);
pthread_mutex_unlock(&myData->mutex);
}
MyAudioQueueIsRunningCallback is:
void MyAudioQueueIsRunningCallback(void* inClientData,
AudioQueueRef inAQ,
AudioQueuePropertyID inID)
{
MyData* myData = (MyData*)inClientData;
UInt32 running;
UInt32 size;
OSStatus err = AudioQueueGetProperty(inAQ, kAudioQueueProperty_IsRunning, &running, &size);
if (err) { PRINTERROR("get kAudioQueueProperty_IsRunning"); return; }
if (!running) {
pthread_mutex_lock(&myData->mutex);
pthread_cond_signal(&myData->done);
pthread_mutex_unlock(&myData->mutex);
}
}
and MyData is:
struct MyData
{
AudioQueueRef audioQueue; // the audio queue
AudioQueueBufferRef audioQueueBuffer[kNumAQBufs]; // audio queue buffers
AudioStreamPacketDescription packetDescs[kAQMaxPacketDescs]; // packet descriptions for enqueuing audio
unsigned int fillBufferIndex; // the index of the audioQueueBuffer that is being filled
size_t bytesFilled; // how many bytes have been filled
size_t packetsFilled; // how many packets have been filled
bool inuse[kNumAQBufs]; // flags to indicate that a buffer is still in use
bool started; // flag to indicate that the queue has been started
bool failed; // flag to indicate an error occurred
bool finished; // flag to inidicate that termination is requested
pthread_mutex_t mutex; // a mutex to protect the inuse flags
pthread_mutex_t mutex2; // a mutex to protect the AudioQueue buffer
pthread_cond_t cond; // a condition varable for handling the inuse flags
pthread_cond_t done; // a condition varable for handling the inuse flags
};
I'm sorry if I posted too much code - hope it helps anyone to understand what exactly I do.
Mostly my code based on this code which is version of AudioFileStreamExample from Mac Developer Library adapted to work with CBR data.
Also I looked at this post and tried AudioStreamBasicDescription desribed there. And tried to change my flags to Little or Big Endian. It didn't work.
I looked at some another posts here and in the other resources while finding similar problem, I checked the order of my PCM data, for example. I just can't post more than two links.
Please anyone help me to understand what I'm doing wrong! Maybe I should abandon this way and use Audio Units right away? I'm just very newbie in CoreAudio and hoped that mid-level of CoreAudio will help me to solve this problem.
P.S. Sorry for my English, I tried as I can.
I hope you've solved this one on your own already, but for the benefit of other people who are having this problem, I'll post up an answer.
The problem is most likely because once an Audio Queue is started, time continues moving forward, even if you stop enqueueing buffers. But when you enqueue a buffer, it is enqueued with a timestamp that is right after the previously enqueued buffer. This means that if you don't stay ahead of the where the audio queue is playing, you will end up enqueuing buffers with a timestamp in the past, therefore the audio queue will go silent and the isRunning property will still be true.
To work around this, you have a couple of options. The simplest in theory would be to never fall behind on submitting buffers. But since you are using UDP, there is no guarantee that you will always have data to submit.
Another option is that you can keep track of what sample you should be playing and submit an empty buffer of silence whenever you need to have a gap. This option works good if your source data has timestamps that you can can use to calculate how much silence you need. But ideally, you wouldn't need to do this.
Instead you should be calculating the timestamp for the buffer using the system time. Instead of AudioQueueEnqueueBuffer, you'll need to use AudioQueueEnqueueBufferWithParameters instead. You just need to make sure the timestamp is ahead of where the queue is currently at. You'll also have to keep track what the system time was when you started the queue, so you can calculate the correct timestamp for each buffer you are submitting. If you have timestamp values on your source data, you should be able to use them to calculate the buffer timestamps as well.
In my app, i would be receiving audio data over socket in Linear PCM Format, in uniform interval of time, 50 ms approx.,
I am using AudioQueue to play the same, i referred most of the code from AudioQueue SpeakHere Example only the difference is i need to run it on the Mac OS,
Following is the relevant piece of code,
Setup AudioBufferDescription format,
FillOutASBDForLPCM (sRecordFormat,
16000,
1,
16,
16,
false,
false
);
Allocate Buffers to hold and play data
for (int i = 0; i < kNumberBuffersPLyer; ++i) {
XThrowIfError(AudioQueueAllocateBuffer(mQueue, bufferByteSize, &mBuffers[i]),
"AudioQueueAllocateBuffer failed");
}
Where bufferByteSize is 640 and Number of buffer is 3
To Start the Queue,
OSStatus errorCode = AudioQueueStart(mQueue,NULL);
Now, the thing is, i was expecting, it should hit the Callback automatically When it played buffer, but it was't happening,
So as and when i am getting buffer, i am enqueue buffer , this is the code
void AudioStream::startQueueIfNeeded(){
SetLooping(true);
// prime the queue with some data before starting
for (int i = 0; i < kNumberBuffersPLyer; ++i)
{
AQBufferCallback (this, mQueue, mBuffers[0]);
//enQueueBuffer(this,mQueue,mBuffers[i]);
}
// AudioSessionSetActive( true );
OSStatus errorCode = AudioQueueStart(mQueue,NULL);
mIsDone = false;
mIsStarted = true;
}
i feel the buffer is proper but i can't hear the sound, can anyone guide me, what i am doing wrong.
Thanks in advance
Thanks for have a look on it, the problem was, i was running AudioQueue in C++ based thread class and it was terminated , when i take it out of thread class it worked fine.